US Laws, Codes, Statutes & Cases

§ 1301. Disorderly conduct; unclassified misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of disorderly conduct when:

(1) The person intentionally causes public inconvenience, annoyance or alarm to any other person, or creates a risk thereof by:

a. Engaging in fighting or in violent, tumultuous or threatening behavior; or

b. Making an unreasonable noise or an offensively coarse utterance, gesture or display, or addressing abusive language to any person present; or

c. Disturbing any lawful assembly or meeting of persons without lawful authority; or

d. Obstructing vehicular or pedestrian traffic; or

e. Congregating with other persons in a public place and refusing to comply with a lawful order of the police to disperse; or

f. Creating a hazardous or physically offensive condition which serves no legitimate purpose; or

g. Congregating with other persons in a public place while wearing masks, hoods or other garments rendering their faces unrecognizable, for the purpose of and in a manner likely to imminently subject any person to the deprivation of any rights, privileges or immunities secured by the Constitution or laws of the United States of America.

(2) The person engages with at least 1 other person in a course of disorderly conduct as defined in subdivision (1) of this section which is likely to cause substantial harm or serious inconvenience, annoyance or alarm, and refuses or knowingly fails to obey an order to disperse made by a peace officer to the participants.

Disorderly conduct is an unclassified misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1301; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 59 Del. Laws, c. 203, §§ 23, 24; 63 Del. Laws, c. 305, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1302. Riot; class F felony.

A person is guilty of riot when the person participates with 2 or more persons in a course of disorderly conduct:

(1) With intent to commit or facilitate the commission of a felony or misdemeanor; or

(2) With intent to prevent or coerce official action; or

(3) When the accused or any other participant to the knowledge of the accused uses or plans to use a firearm or other deadly weapon.

Any other provision of this Criminal Code notwithstanding, whoever violates this section shall be guilty of a class F felony.

Any other provision of this Criminal Code or Title 10 notwithstanding, any person over 16 years old who violates this section shall be prosecuted as an adult. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1302; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1303. Disorderly conduct; funeral or memorial service.

(a) A person shall not do any of the following within 300 feet of the building or other location where a funeral or memorial service is being conducted, or within 1,000 feet of a funeral procession or burial:

(1) Direct abusive epithets or make any threatening gesture which the person knows or reasonably should know is likely to provoke a violent reaction by another.

(2) Disturb or disrupt the funeral, memorial service, funeral procession, or burial by conduct intended to disturb or disrupt the funeral, memorial service, funeral procession or burial.

(b) This section applies to conduct within 1 hour preceding, during and within 2 hours after a funeral, memorial service, funeral procession or burial.

(c) A person who commits a violation of this section commits:

(1) A class A misdemeanor for a first offense.

(2) A class F felony for a second or subsequent offense.

(d) This section shall not preclude any county or municipality from legislating and enforcing its own more restrictive law in this regard. (75 Del. Laws, c. 271, § 1.)

§ 1304. Hate crimes; class A misdemeanor, class G felony, class F felony, class E felony, class D felony, class C felony, class B felony, class A felony.

(a) Any person who commits, or attempts to commit, any crime as defined by the laws of this State, and who intentionally:

(1) Commits said crime for the purpose of interfering with the victim's free exercise or enjoyment of any right, privilege or immunity protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, or commits said crime because the victim has exercised or enjoyed said rights; or

(2) Selects the victim because of the victim's race, religion, color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin or ancestry, shall be guilty of a hate crime. For purposes of this section, the term "sexual orientation" means heterosexuality, bisexuality, or homosexuality.

(b) Hate crimes shall be punished as follows:

(1) If the underlying offense is a violation or unclassified misdemeanor, the hate crime shall be a class A misdemeanor;

(2) If the underlying offense is a class A, B, or C misdemeanor, the hate crime shall be a class G felony;

(3) If the underlying offense is a class C, D, E, F, or G felony, the hate crime shall be one grade higher than the underlying offense;

(4) If the underlying offense is a class A or B felony, the hate crime shall be the same grade as the underlying offense, and the minimum sentence of imprisonment required for the underlying offense shall be doubled. (70 Del. Laws, c. 138, § 1; 70 Del. Laws c. 186, § 1; 71 Del. Laws, c. 175, §§ 1, 2.)

§ 1311. Harassment; class B misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of harassment when, with intent to harass, annoy or alarm another person:

(1) He or she insults, taunts or challenges another person or engages in any other course of alarming or distressing conduct which serves no legitimate purpose and is in a manner which the person knows is likely to provoke a violent or disorderly response or cause a reasonable person to suffer substantial emotional distress;

(2) Communicates with a person by telephone, telegraph, mail or any other form of written or electronic communication in a manner which the person knows is likely to cause annoyance or alarm including, but not limited to, intrastate telephone calls initiated by vendors for the purpose of selling goods or services;

(3) Knowingly permits any telephone under his or her control to be used for a purpose prohibited by this section;

(4) In the course of a telephone call he or she uses obscene language or language suggesting that the recipient of the call engage with him or her or another person in sexual relations of any sort, knowing that he or she is thereby likely to cause annoyance or alarm to the recipient of the call; or

(5) Makes repeated or anonymous telephone calls to another person whether or not conversation ensues, knowing he or she is thereby likely to cause annoyance or alarm.

(b) Harassment is a class B misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1311; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 316, § 3; 74 Del. Laws, c. 362, § 1.)

§ 1312. Aggravated harassment; class G felony.

(a) A person is guilty of aggravated harassment when he or she repeatedly follows or contacts another person or causes such following or contact knowing that he or she is thereby likely to cause a substantial disruption of the regular activities of the other person.

(b) For the purposes of this section "repeatedly" means more than 10 times.

(c) In any prosecution under this section, it is an affirmative defense that the person charged was engaged in lawful picketing.

(d) This section shall not apply to conduct which occurs in the furtherance of legitimate law enforcement activities or to private investigators, security officers or private detectives as those activities are defined in Chapter 13 of Title 24.

(e) Aggravated harassment is a class G felony. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1312; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 316, § 2.)

§ 1312A. Stalking; class F felony.

(a) Any person who intentionally engages in a course of conduct directed at a specific person which would cause a reasonable person to:

(1) Fear physical injury to oneself, to a friend or associate, or to a member of that person's household or to a 3rd person,

(2) Fear damage to property owned by oneself, to a friend or associate, or to a member of that person's household or to a 3rd person, or

(3) Fear that the victim's employment, business or career is threatened, where the conduct consists of appearing, telephoning or initiating contact at such person's place of employment or business, and the actor was previously clearly informed to cease that conduct,is guilty of the crime of stalking, provided however, that no person shall be convicted under this subsection as a result of contacting a victim's place of employment or business regarding a bona fide business dispute.

(b) For the purposes of this section, the following definitions are provided:

(1) "Course of conduct" includes repeatedly maintaining a visual or physical proximity to a person or repeatedly conveying verbal or written threats or threats implied by conduct, or repeatedly committing any acts constituting any criminal offense as defined by the Delaware Code, or a combination thereof, and which reflects a continuity of purpose. A conviction is not required for any predicate act relied upon to establish a course of conduct. A conviction for any predicated act relied upon to establish a course of conduct does not preclude prosecution under this section. Prosecution under this section does not preclude prosecution under any other section of the Code.

(2) "Repeatedly" means more than 3 occasions.

(c) In any prosecution under this section, it is an affirmative defense that the person charged was engaged in lawful picketing.

(d) This section shall not apply to conduct which occurs in furtherance of legitimate law enforcement activities or to private investigators, security officers or private detectives as those activities are defined in Chapter 13 of Title 24.

(e) Stalking is a class A misdemeanor, unless the actor's conduct induces fear in the victim, in which case it is a class F felony; or, unless the perpetrator is age 21 or older and the victim is under the age of 14, in which case it is a Class F felony; or, unless the course of conduct includes a threat of death or serious physical injury to the victim, his or her immediate family or to a 3rd person, which case it is a class D felony; or unless the perpetrator possesses a deadly weapon during any act comprising the course of conduct, and induces fear in the victim, in which case it is a class C felony.

(f) Notwithstanding any contrary provision of § 4205 of this title, any person who commits the crime of stalking by engaging in a course of conduct which includes any act or acts which have previously been prohibited by a then-existing court order or sentence shall receive a minimum sentence of 6 months incarceration at Level V. The first 6 months of said period of incarceration shall not be subject to suspension.

(g) Notwithstanding any contrary provision of § 4205 of this title, any person who is convicted of stalking within 5 years of a prior conviction of stalking shall receive a minimum sentence of 1 year incarceration at Level V. The 1st year of said period of incarceration shall not be subject to suspension. (68 Del. Laws, c. 250, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 316, § 1; 74 Del. Laws, c. 116, §§ 1, 2.)

§ 1313. Malicious interference with emergency communications; class B misdemeanor.

(a) As used in this section:

(1) "Emergency communication" means any telephone call or any other form of communication made, transmitted or facilitated by radio, computer or any other electronic device which is intended by its maker to provide warning or information pertaining to any crime, fire, accident, disaster or risk of injury or damage to any person or property.

(2) "Emergency communications center" means any public or private facility or entity which accepts emergency communications for the purpose of notifying, dispatching, directing or coordinating law enforcement, fire, medical, paramedic, ambulance, utility or other public safety personnel.

(b) A person is guilty of malicious interference with emergency communications when the person:

(1) Intentionally prevents or hinders the initiation, making or completion of an emergency communication by another person; or

(2) Intentionally initiates or makes repeated nonemergency communications to any 911 or other emergency comminations center, knowing it was thereby likely that the operations of such emergency communications center would be disrupted. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1313; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 73 Del. Laws, c. 87, § 2.)

§ 1315. Public intoxication; unclassified misdemeanor; violation.

A person is guilty of public intoxication when the person appears in a public place manifestly under the influence of alcohol or narcotics or any other drug not administered or prescribed to be taken by a physician, to the degree that the person may be in danger or endanger other persons or property, or annoy persons in the vicinity.

Public intoxication is a violation, unless the accused has been convicted of public intoxication twice before within 1 year, in which case the offense is an unclassified misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1315; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1316. Registration of out-of-state liquor agents; violation.

(a) In order to promote and protect the public safety and the peace of the community, by reason of the presence of many persons engaged in the enforcement of the laws of other states, any agent, employee, or representative of another state shall register with the Delaware Alcoholic Beverage and Tobacco Enforcement not less than 30 days in advance of each entry into a county for the purpose of observing any alcoholic beverage sales.

(b) At the time of registration the person shall provide the following information:

(1) A written statement setting forth the identity of the out-of-state official;

(2) The purpose of the intended entry into the county;

(3) The make, model and license number of each and every vehicle to be used in the conduct of any surveillance activity;

(4) The specific establishments at which surveillance will be conducted; and

(5) The specific times for surveillance of each establishment.

(c) Any person who registers shall be issued a certificate of registration which must be retained in the possession of the person during all investigative or surveillance activities.

(d) Any person who fails to register as required by this section, or who having registered violates any provision of this section, shall lose the right to register or the person's registration, as the case may be, for a period of 6 months.

(e) Any person who, during the period imposed by subsection (d) of this section, violates this section is guilty of a violation.

(f) Upon written request, the Delaware Alcoholic Beverage and Tobacco Enforcement shall release the information regarding agencies and officers who have registered under this section. (69 Del. Laws, c. 275, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 75 Del. Laws, c. 74.)

§ 1320. Loitering on property of a state-supported school, college or university; violation.

A person is guilty of loitering on property of a state-supported school, college or university when the person loiters or remains in or about the buildings or grounds of a school, college or university supported in whole or in part with state funds, not having any reason or relationship involving custody of or responsibility for a pupil or student, or any other specific, legitimate reason for being there, and not having written permission from anyone authorized to grant the same.

Any law-enforcement officer, state official or employee, the owner or occupier of such lands or property, an agent or employee of such persons, or any other person or persons whom they may call to their assistance, may arrest such loiterer, either with or without warrant, either upon the premises or in immediate flight therefrom and, if with warrant, then at any place.

Loitering on property of a state-supported school, college or university is a violation. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1320; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1321. Loitering; violation.

A person is guilty of loitering when:

(1) The person fails or refuses to move on when lawfully ordered to do so by any police officer; or

(2) The person stands, sits idling or loiters upon any pavement, sidewalk or crosswalk, or stands or sits in a group or congregates with others on any pavement, sidewalk, crosswalk or doorstep, in any street or way open to the public in this State so as to obstruct or hinder the free and convenient passage of persons walking, riding or driving over or along such pavement, walk, street or way, and fails to make way, remove or pass, after reasonable request from any person; or

(3) The person loiters or remains in or about a school building or grounds, not having reason or relationship involving custody of or responsibility for a pupil or any other specific or legitimate reason for being there, unless the person has written permission from the principal; or

(4) The person loiters, remains or wanders about in a public place for the purpose of begging; or

(5) The person loiters or remains in a public place for the purpose of engaging or soliciting another person to engage in sexual intercourse or deviate sexual intercourse; or

(6) The person loiters, congregates with others or prowls in a place at a time or in a manner not usual for law-abiding individuals under circumstances that warrant alarm for the safety of persons or property in the vicinity, especially in light of the crime rate in the relevant area. Unless flight by the accused or other circumstances make it impracticable, a peace officer shall, prior to any arrest for an offense under this subdivision, afford the accused an opportunity to dispel any alarm which would otherwise be warranted, by requesting identification and an explanation of the person's presence and conduct. No person shall be convicted of an offense under this subdivision if the peace officer did not comply with the preceding sentence, or if it appears that the explanation given by the accused was true and, if believed by the peace officer at the time, would have dispelled the alarm.

Loitering is a violation. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1321; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 113, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1322. Criminal nuisance; unclassified misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of criminal nuisance when:

(1) By conduct either unlawful in itself or unreasonable under all the circumstances, the person knowingly or recklessly creates or maintains a condition which endangers the safety or health of others; or

(2) The person knowingly conducts or maintains any premises, place or resort where persons gather for purposes of engaging in unlawful conduct.

Criminal nuisance is an unclassified misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1322; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1323. Obstructing public passages; violation.

A person is guilty of obstructing public passages when alone or with other persons and having no legal privilege to do so, the person intentionally or recklessly renders any public passage unreasonably inconvenient or hazardous to use, or the person wilfully enters upon or tampers with or obstructs any public utility right-of-way.

Obstructing a public passage is a violation. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1323; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1324. Obstructing ingress to or egress from public buildings; unclassified misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of obstructing ingress to or egress from public buildings when the person knowingly prevents any person from passing through any entrance or exit to a public building, except that this section shall not apply to lawful picketing or to picketing for any lawful union objective.

Obstructing ingress to or egress from public buildings is an unclassified misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1324; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1325. Cruelty to animals; class A misdemeanor; class F felony.

(a) For the purpose of this section, the following words and phrases shall include, but not be limited to, the meanings respectively ascribed to them as follows:

(1) "Cruel" includes every act or omission to act whereby unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering is caused or permitted.

(2) "Cruel mistreatment" includes any treatment whereby unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering is caused or permitted.

(3) "Cruel neglect" includes neglect of an animal, which is under the care and control of the neglector, whereby pain or suffering is caused to the animal or abandonment of any domesticated animal by its owner or custodian. By way of example, cruel neglect shall also include allowing an animal to live in unsanitary conditions, such as keeping an animal where the animal's own excrement is not removed from the animal's living area and/or other living conditions which are injurious to the animal's health.

(4) "Cruelty to animals" includes mistreatment of any animal or neglect of any animal under the care and control of the neglector, whereby unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering is caused. By way of example this includes: Unjustifiable beating of an animal; overworking an animal; tormenting an animal; abandonment of an animal; failure to feed properly or give proper shelter or veterinary care to an animal.

(5) "Person" includes any individual, partnership, corporation or association living and/or doing business in the State.

(6) "Abandonment" includes completely forsaking or deserting an animal originally under one's custody without making reasonable arrangements for custody of that animal to be assumed by another person.

(7) "Custody" includes the responsibility for the welfare of an animal subject to one's care and control whether one owns it or not.

(8) "Proper feed" includes providing each animal with daily food and water of sufficient quality and quantity to prevent unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering by the animal.

(9) "Proper shelter" includes providing each animal with adequate shelter from the weather elements as required to prevent unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering by the animal.

(10) "Proper veterinary care" includes providing each animal with veterinary care sufficient to prevent unnecessary or unjustifiable physical pain or suffering by the animal.

(11) "Animal" shall not include fish, crustacea or molluska.

(12) "Serious injury" shall include any injury to any animal which creates a substantial risk of death, or which causes prolonged impairment of health or prolonged loss or impairment of the function of any bodily organ.

(b) A person is guilty of cruelty to animals when the person intentionally or recklessly:

(1) Subjects any animal to cruel mistreatment; or

(2) Subjects any animal in the person's custody to cruel neglect; or

(3) Kills or injures any animal belonging to another person without legal privilege or consent of the owner; or

(4) Cruelly or unnecessarily kills or injures any animal whether belonging to the actor or another. This section does not apply to the killing of any animal normally or commonly raised as food for human consumption, provided that such killing is not cruel. A person acts unnecessarily if the act is not required to terminate an animal's suffering, to protect the life or property of the actor or another person or if other means of disposing of an animal exist which would not impair the health or well-being of that animal; or

(5) Captures, detains, transports, removes or delivers any animal known to be a domestic farm animal, pet or companion animal, or any other animal of scientific, environmental, economic or cultural value, under false pretenses to any public or private animal shelter, veterinary clinic or other facility, or otherwise causes the same through acts of deception or misrepresentation of the circumstances and disposition of any such animal.

Paragraphs (1), (2) and (4) of this subsection are inapplicable to accepted veterinary practices and activities carried on for scientific research.

Cruelty to animals is a class A misdemeanor, unless the person intentionally kills or causes serious injury to any animal in violation of paragraph (4) of this subsection or unless the animal is killed or seriously injured as a result of any action prohibited by paragraph (5), in which case it is a class F felony.

(c) Any person convicted of a misdemeanor violation of this section shall be prohibited from owning or possessing any animal for 5 years after said conviction, except for animals grown, raised or produced within the State for resale, or for sale of a product thereof, where the person has all necessary licenses for such sale or resale, and receives at least 25 percent of the person's annual gross income from such sale or resale. Any person convicted of a second or subsequent misdemeanor violation of this section shall be prohibited from owning or possessing any animal for 5 years after said conviction without exception.

A violation of this subsection is subject to a fine in the amount of $1,000 in any court of competent jurisdiction and to forfeiture of any animal illegally owned in accordance with the provisions of 3 Del. C. § 7904.

(d) Any person convicted of a felony violation of this section shall be prohibited from owning or possessing any animal for 15 years after said conviction, except for animals grown, raised or produced within the State for resale, or for sale of a product thereof, where the person has all necessary licenses for such sale or resale, and receives at least 25 percent of the person's annual gross income from such sale or resale. Any person convicted of a second or subsequent felony violation of this section shall be prohibited from owning or possessing any animal for 15 years after said conviction without exception.

A violation of this subsection is subject to a fine in the amount of $5,000 in any court of competent jurisdiction and to forfeiture of any animal illegally owned in accordance with the provisions of 3 Del. C. § 7904.

(e) Any agent of the Delaware Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, or, in Kent County of this State, of the Kent County Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, may impound an animal owned or possessed in apparent violation of this section, consistent with 3 Del. C. § 7904.

(f) This section shall not apply to the lawful hunting or trapping of animals as provided by law. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1325; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 62 Del. Laws, c. 71, §§ 1, 2; 63 Del. Laws, c. 260, § 1; 64 Del. Laws, c. 196, §§ 1-3; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 69 Del. Laws, c. 280, §§ 1, 2; 70 Del. Laws, c. 60, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 72 Del. Laws, c. 75, § 1; 73 Del. Laws, c. 182, §§ 1, 2; 73 Del. Laws, c. 238, §§ 1, 2.)

§ 1325A. The unlawful trade in dog or cat by-products; class B misdemeanor; class A misdemeanor, penalties.

(a)(1) A person is guilty of the unlawful trade in dog or cat by-products in the 2nd degree if the person knowingly or recklessly sells, barters or offers for sale or barter, the fur or hair of a domestic dog or cat or any product made in whole or in part from the fur or hair of a domestic dog or cat.

(2) This subsection shall not apply to the sale or barter, or offering for sale or barter, of the fur or hair of a domestic dog or cat which has been cut at a commercial grooming establishment, or at a veterinary office or clinic, or for scientific research purposes.

(3) The unlawful trade in dog or cat by-products in the 2nd degree is a class B misdemeanor.

(b)(1) A person is guilty of the unlawful trade in dog or cat by-products in the 1st degree if the person knowingly or recklessly sells, barters or offers for sale or barter, the flesh of a domestic dog or cat or any product made in whole or in part from the flesh of a domestic dog or cat.

(2) The unlawful trade in dog or cat by-products in the first degree is a class A misdemeanor.

(c) In addition to any other penalty provided by law, any person convicted of a violation of this section shall be:

(1) Prohibited from owning or possessing any domestic dog or cat for 15 years after said conviction, except for those grown, raised or produced within the State for resale, where the person has all necessary licenses for such sale or resale, and receives at least 25 percent of the person's annual gross income from such sale or resale;

(2) Subject to a fine in the amount of $2,500 in any court of competent jurisdiction; and

(3) Required to forfeit any domestic dog or cat illegally owned in accordance with the provisions of Chapter 79 of Title 3.

(d) For the purposes of this section, the term "domestic dog or cat" means a dog (Canis familiaris) or cat (Felis catus or Felis domesticus) that is generally recognized in the United States as being a household pet and shall not include coyote, fox, lynx, bobcat or any other wild or commercially raised canine or feline species the fur or hair of which is recognized for use in warm clothing and outer wear by the United States Department of Agriculture and which species is not recognized as an endangered or threatened species by the United States Fish and Wild Life Service or the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. (72 Del. Laws, c. 391, § 1.)

§ 1326. Animals; fighting and baiting prohibited; class F felony.

(a) A person who owns, possesses, keeps, trains or uses any bull, bear, dog, cock or other animal, or fowl, for the purpose of fighting or baiting; or a person who is party to or who causes any such fighting or baiting of any bear, dog, cock or other animal, or fowl; or a person who shall rent or otherwise obtain the use of a building, shed, room, yard, ground or premises for the purpose of fighting or baiting any animal or fowl, or shall knowingly suffer or permit the use of any building, shed, room, yard, ground or premises belonging to the person or under the person's control, for any of the purposes described in this section, shall be guilty of a class F felony.

(b) A person who is present at a building, shed, room, yard, ground or premises where preparations are being made for any exhibition prohibited by this section, knowing that such exhibition is taking place or about to take place is guilty of a class A misdemeanor.

(c) All animals, equipment, devices and money involved in a violation of this section shall be forfeited to the State. Animals so forfeited shall be disposed of in a humane manner.

(d) No prosecution for any offense under this section shall be commenced after 1 year from the commission of such offense.

(e) Any person convicted of a felony violation of this section shall be prohibited from owning or possessing any animal for 15 years after said conviction. (66 Del. Laws, c. 369, § 2; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 67 Del. Laws, c. 350, §§ 34, 35; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 72 Del. Laws, c. 417, § 1; 73 Del. Laws, c. 238, §§ 3-5; 73 Del. Laws, c. 411, § 1.)

§ 1327. Maintaining a dangerous animal; class E felony; class F felony; class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of maintaining a dangerous animal when such person knowingly or recklessly owns, controls or has custody over any dangerous animal which causes death, serious physical injury or physical injury to another person or which causes death or serious injury to another animal.

(b) For the purposes of this section, "dangerous animal" means any dog or other animal which:

(1) Had been declared dangerous or potentially dangerous by the Dog Control Panel pursuant to subchapter III of Chapter 17 of Title;

(2) Had been trained for animal fighting, or that has been used primarily or occasionally for animal fighting;

(3) Had been intentionally trained so as to increase its viciousness, dangerousness or potential for unprovoked attacks upon human beings or other animals; or

(4) Has an individualized and known propensity, tendency or disposition, specific to the individual dog, for viciousness, dangerousness or unprovoked attacks upon human beings or other animals.

(c) Maintaining a dangerous animal shall be punished as follows:

(1) When a dangerous animal causes the death of a person, maintaining a dangerous animal is a class E felony;

(2) When a dangerous animal causes serious physical injury to a person, maintaining a dangerous animal is a class F felony;

(3) When a dangerous animal causes physical injury to a person or when a dangerous animal causes death or physical injury to another animal, maintaining a dangerous animal is a class A misdemeanor.

(d) This section shall not apply to any dog or other animal trained or owned or used by any law enforcement agency or any person, company, agency or entity licensed pursuant to Chapter 13 of Title 24.

(e) In any prosecution under this section it shall be an affirmative defense that at the time of the attack during which physical injury, serious physical injury or death was inflicted upon a person:

(1) The victim of the attack was in the course of committing criminal trespass or any violent felony as set forth in this title or was attempting to commit criminal trespass or said violent felony;

(2) The victim had provoked the attack by committing cruelty to animals as defined in § 1325 of this title upon said dangerous animal or by inflicting physical injury upon said dangerous animal; or

(3) The owner or custodian of the dangerous animal was in full compliance with the applicable provisions of subchapter III of Chapter 17 of Title 7, including the requirements pertaining to confinement, restraint and muzzling.

(f) In any prosecution under this section it shall be an affirmative defense that at the time of the attack during which physical injury or death was inflicted upon an animal:

(1) The animal which was injured or killed had entered onto the real property of the owner or custodian of the dangerous animal without permission;

(2) The animal which was injured or killed had provoked the attack by menacing, biting or attacking the dangerous animal or its owner or custodian; or

(3) The owner or custodian of the dangerous animal was in full compliance with the applicable provisions of subchapter III of Chapter 17 of Title 7, including the requirements pertaining to confinement, restraint and muzzling. (73 Del. Laws, c. 411, § 2.)

§ 1330. Smoking on trolleys and buses.

(a) Whoever in any trackless trolley coach, or gasoline or diesel-engine-propelled bus being used as a public conveyance for carrying passengers within this State, smokes or carries a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe shall be fined not less than $5 nor more than $25.

(b) Justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction of offenses under this section. (60 Del. Laws, c. 66, § 1; 66 Del. Laws, c. 369, § 2; 73 Del. Laws, c. 411, § 2.)

§ 1331. Desecration; class A misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of desecration if the person intentionally defaces, damages, pollutes or otherwise physically mistreats any public monument or structure, any place of worship, the national flag or any other object of veneration by the public or a substantial segment thereof, in a public place and in a way in which the actor knows will outrage the sensibilities of persons likely to observe or discover the actions.

Desecration is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1331; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 65 Del. Laws, c. 463, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1332. Abusing a corpse; class A misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of abusing a corpse when, except as authorized by law, the person treats a corpse in a way that a reasonable person knows would outrage ordinary family sensibilities.

Abusing a corpse is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1332; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1333. Trading in human remains and associated funerary objects.

(a) As used in this section:

(1) "Associated Funerary Objects" means an item of human manufacture or use that is intentionally placed with human remains at the time of interment in a burial site or later as a part of a death rite or ceremony of a culture, religion or group. "Associated Funerary Object" includes any gravestone, monument, tomb or other structure in or directly associated with a burial site.

(b) A person is guilty of trading in human remains and associated funerary objects when the person knowingly sells, buys or transports for sale or profit, or offers to buy, sell or transport for sale or profit, within this State, any unlawfully removed human remains or any associated funerary objects.

(c) The provisions of this section shall not apply to:

(1) Any person acting in the course of medical, archaeological, educational or scientific study authorized by an accredited educational institution or governmental entity; or

(2) A licensed mortician or other professional who transports human remains in the course of carrying out the individual's professional duties and responsibilities.

(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed to interfere with the normal operation and maintenance of a public or private cemetery including correction of improper burial siting, and, with the consent of any person who would qualify as an heir of the deceased, moving the remains within a public or private cemetery.

Trading in human remains and associated funerary objects is a class B misdemeanor. (70 Del. Laws, c. 50, § 1.)

§ 1335. Violation of privacy; class A misdemeanor; class G felony.

(a) A person is guilty of violation of privacy when, except as authorized by law, the person:

(1) Trespasses on property intending to subject anyone to eavesdropping or other surveillance in a private place; or

(2) Installs in any private place, without consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy there, any device for observing, photographing, recording, amplifying or broadcasting sounds or events in that place; or

(3) Installs or uses outside a private place any device for hearing, recording, amplifying or broadcasting sounds originating in that place which would not ordinarily be audible or comprehensible outside, without the consent of the person or persons entitled to privacy there; or

(4) Intercepts without the consent of all parties thereto a message by telephone, telegraph, letter or other means of communicating privately, including private conversation; or

(5) Divulges without the consent of the sender and the receiver the existence or contents of any message by telephone, telegraph, letter or other means of communicating privately if the accused knows that the message was unlawfully intercepted or if the accused learned of the message in the course of employment with an agency engaged in transmitting it.

(6) Tape records, photographs, films, videotapes or otherwise reproduces the image of another person who is getting dressed or undressed or has his/her genitals, buttocks or her breasts exposed, without consent, in any place where persons normally disrobe including but not limited to a fitting room, dressing room, locker room or bathroom, where there is a reasonable expectation of privacy. This paragraph shall not apply to any acts done by a parent or guardian inside of his or her dwelling, or upon his or her real property, when a subject of victim of such acts is intended to be any child of such parent or guardian who has not yet reached his or her eighteenth birthday and whose primary residence is in or upon the dwelling or real property of the parent or guardian, unless the acts done by the parent or guardian are intended to produce sexual gratification for any person in which case this paragraph shall apply; or

(7) Secretly or surreptitiously videotapes, films, photographs or otherwise records another person under or through his or her clothing for the purpose of viewing the body of or the undergarments worn by that other person; or

(8) Knowingly installs an electronic or mechanical location tracking device in or on a motor vehicle without the consent of the registered owner, lessor or lessee of said vehicle. This paragraph shall not apply to the lawful use of an electronic tracking device by a law enforcement officer, nor shall it apply to a parent or legal guardian who installs such a device for the purpose of tracking the location of a minor child thereof.

(b) This section does not apply to:

(1) Overhearing of messages through a regularly installed instrument on a telephone party line or an extension or any other regularly installed instrument or equipment; or

(2) Acts done by the telephone company or subscribers incident to the enforcement of telephone company regulations or subscriber rules relating to the use of facilities; or

(3) Acts done by personnel of any telephone or telegraph carrier in the performance of their duties in connection with the construction, maintenance or operation of a telephone or telegraph system; or

(4) The divulgence of the existence of any message in response to a subpoena issued by a court of competent jurisdiction or a governmental body having subpoena powers; or

(5) Acts done by police officers as provided in §§ 1336 [Repealed] and 1431 of this title.

(c) Any violation of paragraphs (a)(1), (a)(2), (a)(3), (a)(4), (a)(5) or (a)(8) of this section shall be a class A misdemeanor. Any violation of subdivision (a)(6) or (a)(7) of this section shall be a class G felony. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1335; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 72 Del. Laws, c. 180, §§ 1-3; 73 Del. Laws, c. 172, §§ 1, 2, 3; 75 Del. Laws, c. 341, §§ 1, 2.)

§ 1336. Wiretapping and electronic surveillance.

Repealed by 72 Del. Laws, c. 232, eff. July 23, 1999.

§ 1337. Definitions relating to riot, disorderly conduct and related offenses.

(a) "Public place" means a place to which the public or a substantial group of persons has access and includes highways, transportation facilities, schools, places of amusement, parks, playgrounds, prisons and hallways, lobbies and other portions of apartment houses and hotels not constituting rooms or apartments designed for actual residence.

(b) "Private place" means a place where one may reasonably expect to be safe from casual or hostile intrusion or surveillance, but does not include a place to which the public or a substantial group thereof has access. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1337; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 59 Del. Laws, c. 203, § 25.)

§ 1338. Bombs, incendiary devices, Molotov cocktails and explosive devices; class D felony.

(a) For purposes of this section the following definitions shall be made applicable:

(1) "Molotov cocktail" means a makeshift incendiary bomb made of a breakable container filled with flammable liquid and provided with a wick composed of any substance capable of bringing flame into contact with the liquid.

(2) "Incendiary device" means any item designed to ignite by hand, chemical reaction or by spontaneous combustion and is not designed for any lawful purpose or use whatsoever, or any lawful purpose or use has been or is terminated.

(b) Whoever manufactures, transfers, uses, possesses or transports any bomb, incendiary device, Molotov cocktail or device designed to explode or produce uncontained combustion with intent to cause bodily harm or damage to any property or thing shall be guilty of a class D felony.

(c) Any other provision of this Criminal Code notwithstanding, any person over 16 years old who violates this section shall be prosecuted as an adult.

(d) In any prosecution under this section, it is prima facie evidence of intent to cause bodily harm or damage to any property or thing if the accused had possession of the device prescribed by this section. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1338; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8.)

§ 1339. Adulteration; class G felony; class E felony; class A felony.

(a) A person is guilty of adulteration when:

(1) The person adulterates any substance with the intent to cause death, physical injury or illness of a person;

(2) The person distributes, disseminates, gives, sells or otherwise transfers an adulterated substance with the intent to cause death, physical injury or illness of a person knowing or having reason to know that the substance has been adulterated as defined in subsection (b) of this section.

(b) "Adulteration" means the intentional adding of any substance, which has the capacity either acting alone or in conjunction with the other substance to cause death, physical injury or illness by ingestion, injection, inhalation or absorption, to another substance having a customary or reasonably foreseeable human use.

(c) Adulteration is a class G felony unless the adulteration actually causes physical injury or illness in which case it is a class E felony, or causes death in which case it is a class A felony.

(d) This offense is a separate and distinct offense and shall not limit or restrict prosecution for murder or any other criminal offense. (64 Del. Laws, c. 191, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1340. Desecration of burial place.

A person is guilty of desecration of a burial place if the person intentionally defaces, damages, pollutes or otherwise physically mistreats any such burial place. Any person who desecrates a burial place is guilty of a class A misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be fined not less than $1,000 nor more than $10,000. (65 Del. Laws, c. 463, § 2; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1341. Lewdness; class B misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of lewdness when the person does any lewd act in any public place or any lewd act which the person knows is likely to be observed by others who would be affronted or alarmed.

Lewdness is a class B misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1341; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1342. Prostitution; class B misdemeanor.

(a)(1) A person is guilty of prostitution when the person engages or agrees or offers to engage in sexual conduct with another person in return for a fee.

(2) Prostitution is a class B misdemeanor.

(b)(1) Any person found guilty of an act of prostitution when such crime has occurred on or within 1,000 feet of the property of any school, residence, church, synagogue or other place of worship shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor. The minimum mandatory fine shall be $500. This fine shall not be suspended.

(2) It shall not be a defense to prosecution for a violation of this section that the person was unaware that the prohibited conduct took place on or within 1,000 feet of any school property, residence, church, synagogue or other place of worship. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1342; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 75 Del. Laws, c. 319, § 1.)

§ 1343. Patronizing a prostitute prohibited.

(a) A person is guilty of patronizing a prostitute when:

(1) Pursuant to a prior agreement or understanding, the person pays a fee to another person as compensation for that person's having engaged in sexual conduct with the person; or

(2) The person pays or agrees to pay a fee to another person pursuant to an agreement or understanding that in return therefor that person or a third person will engage in sexual conduct with the person; or

(3) The person solicits or requests another person to engage in sexual conduct with the person in return for a fee.

(b) Patronizing a prostitute is a misdemeanor. The minimum mandatory fine shall be $500. This fine shall not be suspended.

(c) Whenever any vehicle, as defined in § 2321 of this title, has been used in, or in connection with, the offense of patronizing a prostitute, it shall forthwith be seized and taken into custody by the peace officer or officers having knowledge of the facts of such use.

(d) Vehicle seizure shall apply in the case of a defendant who has a previous conviction for the same offense in the previous 5 years. For the purpose of this section, "prior offense" shall be defined as a conviction of § 1343 of this title.

(e)(1) Any person found guilty of patronizing a prostitute and such crime has occurred on or within 1,000 feet of the property of any school, residence, church, synagogue or other place of worship shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor. The minimum mandatory fine shall be $1,000. This fine shall not be suspended.

(2) It shall not be a defense to prosecution for a violation of this section that the person was unaware that the prohibited conduct took place on or within 1,000 feet of any school property, residence, church, synagogue or other place of worship. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1343; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 69 Del. Laws, c. 23, §§ 1, 2, 5, 6; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 75 Del. Laws, c. 319, § 2.)

§ 1344. Prostitution and patronizing a prostitute; no defense.

In any prosecution for prostitution it is not defense that the persons were of the same sex, or that the person who received, agreed to receive or solicited a fee was a male and the person who paid, agreed or offered to pay the fee was a female. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1344; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1345. Screening for sexually transmissible diseases.

(a) Any person convicted under § 1342 or § 1343 of this title shall be ordered to undergo testing for sexually transmitted diseases, abbreviated "STD", as designated by the Department of Health and Social Services in its rules and regulations.

(b) The result of any STD test conducted pursuant to this subsection shall not be a public record for purposes of Chapter 100 of Title 29.

(c) The result of any STD testing conducted pursuant to this section shall only be released by the Division of Public Health to the defendant, the defendant's spouse and the court issuing the order for testing except as otherwise permitted under § 711 of Title 16.

(d) The cost of testing under this section shall be paid by the defendant tested unless the Court has determined that the defendant is an indigent person.

(e) Filing of a notice of appeal shall not automatically stay an order that the defendant submit to STD testing. (75 Del. Laws, c. 319, § 4.)

§ 1351. Promoting prostitution in the third degree; class F felony.

A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the third degree when the person knowingly advances or profits from prostitution.

Promoting prostitution in the third degree is a class F felony. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1351; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 61 Del. Laws, c. 33, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1352. Promoting prostitution in the second degree; class E felony.

A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the second degree when the person knowingly:

(1) Advances or profits from prostitution by managing, supervising, controlling or owning, either alone or in association with others, a house of prostitution or a prostitution business or enterprise involving prostitution activity by 2 or more prostitutes; or

(2) Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than 18 years old.

Promoting prostitution in the second degree is a class E felony. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1352; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 61 Del. Laws, c. 33, § 2; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1353. Promoting prostitution in the first degree; class C felony.

A person is guilty of promoting prostitution in the first degree when the person knowingly:

(1) Advances prostitution by compelling a person by force or intimidation to engage in prostitution or profits from such coercive conduct by another; or

(2) Advances or profits from prostitution of a person less than 16 years old.

Promoting prostitution in the first degree is a class C felony. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1353; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 61 Del. Laws, c. 33, § 3; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1354. Promoting prostitution; attempt to promote prostitution; corroboration.

A person shall not be convicted of promoting prostitution or of an attempt to promote prostitution solely on the uncorroborated testimony of a person whose prostitution activity the person is alleged to have advanced or attempted to advance or from whose prostitution activity the person is alleged to have profited or attempted to profit. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1354; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1355. Permitting prostitution; class B misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of permitting prostitution when, having possession or control of premises which the person knows are being used for prostitution purposes, the person fails to halt or abate such use within a reasonable period of time.

Permitting prostitution is a class B misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1355; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1356. Definitions relating to prostitution.

As used in §§ 1342-1355 of this title:

(1) "Advance prostitution." A person advances prostitution when, acting other than as a prostitute or as a patron thereof, the person knowingly causes or aids a person to commit or engage in prostitution, procures or solicits patrons for prostitution, provides persons or premises for prostitution purposes, operates or assists in the operation of a house of prostitution or a prostitution enterprise or engages in any other conduct designed to institute, aid or facilitate an act or enterprise of prostitution.

(2) "Profit from prostitution." A person profits from prostitution when, acting other than as a prostitute receiving compensation for personally rendered prostitution services, the person accepts or receives money or other property pursuant to an agreement or understanding with any person whereby the person participates or is to participate in the proceeds of prostitution activity.

(3) "School" means any preschool, kindergarten, elementary school, secondary school, vocational technical school or any other institution which has as its primary purpose the education or instruction of children under 18 years of age.

(4) "Sexual conduct" means any act designed to produce sexual gratification to either party. It is not limited to intercourse or deviate sexual intercourse. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1356; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 75 Del. Laws, c. 319, § 3.)

§ 1361. Obscenity; acts constituting; class E felony or class G felony; subsequent violations.

(a) A person is guilty of obscenity when the person knowingly:

(1) Sells, delivers or provides any obscene picture, videotape, video game, writing, record, audio cassette tape, compact disc or other representation or embodiment of the obscene;

(2) Presents or directs an obscene play, dance or performance or participates in that portion thereof which makes it obscene;

(3) Publishes, exhibits or otherwise makes available any obscene material;

(4) Possesses any obscene material for purposes of sale or other commercial dissemination; or

(5) Permits a person under the age of 12 to be on the premises where material harmful to minors, as defined by § 1365 of this title, is either sold or made available for commercial distribution and which material is readily accessible to or easily viewed by such minors. Any material covered by this paragraph shall not be considered readily accessible to or easily viewed by minors if it has been placed or otherwise located 5 feet or more above the floor of the subject premises or if the material is concealed so that no more than the top 3 inches is visible to the passerby.

(b) Obscenity is a class E felony if a person sells, delivers or provides any obscene picture, videotape, video game, writing, record, audio cassette tape, compact disc or other representation or embodiment of the obscene to a person under the age of 18. In all other cases, obscenity is a class G felony. In addition to the above penalties, upon conviction of obscenity involving live conduct as defined in § 1364 of this title, the court shall order the business or establishment which presented, displayed or exhibited such conduct closed for a period of 6 months.

(c) Notwithstanding Chapter 42 of this title, the minimum sentence for a subsequent violation of this section occurring within 5 years of a former conviction shall be a fine in the amount of $5,000, imprisonment for a minimum period of 9 months, no portion which may be suspended or reduced, and probation for a period of 2 years; provided, however, that where the defendant is an organization, the fine shall be $10,000. In addition to the above penalties, upon conviction of obscenity involving conduct as defined in § 1364 of this title, the court shall order the business or establishment which presented, displayed or exhibited such conduct closed for a period of 2 years.

(d) Where the criminality of conduct depends on a child being under the age of 12, subsection (a)(5) of this section, or under the age of 18, subsection (b) of this section, it is no defense that the actor did not know the child's age. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1361; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 60 Del. Laws, c. 445, § 1; 61 Del. Laws, c. 121, § 1; 63 Del. Laws, c. 111, §§ 1-3; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 67 Del. Laws, c. 350, §§ 11, 12; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 74 Del. Laws, c. 71, § 2; 74 Del. Laws, c. 380, §§ 1, 2.)

§ 1362. Obscenity; defenses.

In any prosecution for obscenity it is an affirmative defense that dissemination was restricted to:

(1) Institutions or persons having scientific, educational, governmental or other similar justification for possessing obscene material; or

(2) Noncommercial dissemination to personal associates of the accused who are known by the accused not to object to the receipt of such material. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1362; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1363. Obscenity; presumption.

A person who disseminates or possesses obscene material in the course of business is presumed to do so knowingly or recklessly. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1363; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1364. Definition of obscene.

Material or live conduct is obscene if:

(1) The average person applying contemporary community standards would find the material or conduct, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interests; and

(2) The material depicts or describes or the live conduct portrays:

a. Patently offensive representations or descriptions of ultimate sexual acts, normal or perverted, actual or simulated; or

b. Patently offensive representations or descriptions of masturbation, excretory functions, and/or lewd exhibitions of the genitals; and

(3) The work or conduct taken as a whole lacks serious literary, artistic, political or scientific value. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1364; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 59 Del. Laws, c. 236, § 1; 63 Del. Laws, c. 111, § 4.)

§ 1365. Obscene literature harmful to minors; class A misdemeanor.

(a) Definitions as used in this section:

(1) "Harmful to minors" means that quality of any description or representation, in whatever form, of nudity, sexual conduct, sexual excitement or sado-masochistic abuse which predominately appeals to the prurient, shameful or morbid interest of minors and is patently offensive to prevailing standards in the adult community as a whole with respect to what is suitable material for minors.

(2) "Knows" means:

a. Knowledge that the character and content of any material described in subsection (i)(1) of this section is harmful to minors; or

b. Knowledge of facts that would lead a reasonable person to inquire whether the character and content of any material described in subsection (i)(1) of this section is harmful to minors; or

c. Knowledge or information that the material described herein has been adjudged to be harmful to minors in a proceeding instituted pursuant to subsection (b) or (i) of this section or is the subject of a pending proceeding instituted pursuant to subsection (b) or (i) of this section.

(3) "Minor" means any person under the age of 17 years.

(4) "Known minor" is any person known, in fact, to be under the age of 18 years, or any person, in fact, under the age of 18 years unless a reasonable, bona fide attempt has been made to ascertain the age of that minor.

(5) "Nudity" means the showing of the human male or female genitals, pubic area or buttocks with less than a full opaque covering, or the showing of the female breast with less than a fully opaque covering of any portion thereof below the top of the nipple or the depiction of covered male genitals in a discernibly turgid state.

(6) "Sado-masochistic abuse" means flagellation or torture practiced by or upon a person clad in undergarments, a mask or bizarre costume, or the condition of being fettered, bound or otherwise physically restrained on the part of one so clothed.

(7) "Sexual conduct" means acts of masturbation, homosexuality, sexual intercourse or physical contact with a person's unclothed genitals or pubic area or a female person's breast.

(8) "Sexual excitement" means the condition of human male or female genitals in a state of sexual stimulation or arousal.

(b) Whenever the Attorney General of this State has reasonable cause to believe that any person is or may become engaged in any of the acts described in subsection (i)(1), (2) or (4) of this section, the Attorney General shall institute an action in the Court of Chancery for the county where such act is or will be performed for adjudication of the question of whether such material is harmful to minors.

(c) The action authorized by subsection (b) of this section shall be commenced by the filing of a complaint to which shall be attached as an exhibit a true copy of the allegedly harmful material. The complaint shall:

(1) Be directed against such material by name or description;

(2) Allege that such material is harmful to minors;

(3) Designate as respondents and list the names and addresses, if known, of any person in this State engaged or about to be engaged in any of the acts described in subsection (i)(1), (2) or (4) of this section with respect to such material;

(4) Seek an adjudication that such material is harmful to minors; and

(5) Seek a permanent injunction against any respondent prohibiting the respondent from performing any of the acts described in subsection (i)(1), (2) or (4) of this section.

(d) Upon the filing of the complaint described in subsection (c) of this section, the Attorney General shall present the same, together with the material attached thereto, as soon as practicable to the Court for its examination and reading. If after such examination and reading the Court finds no probable cause to believe such material to be harmful to minors, the Court shall cause an endorsement to that effect to be placed and dated upon the complaint and shall thereupon dismiss the action. If after such examination and reading the Court finds probable cause to believe such material to be harmful to minors, the Court shall cause an endorsement to that effect to be placed and dated upon the complaint whereupon it shall be the responsibility of the Attorney General promptly to request the Register in Chancery to issue summons and to furnish to the Register in Chancery such number of copies of such complaint and endorsement as are needed for the service of summons. Service of such summons and endorsed complaint shall be made upon the respondents thereto in any manner provided by law.

(e) The author, publisher or any person interested in sending or causing to be sent, bringing or causing to be brought, into this State for sale or commercial distribution, or any person in this State preparing, selling, exhibiting or commercially distributing or possessing with intent to sell or commercially distribute or exhibit, the material exhibited to the endorsed complaint, may appear and may intervene in accordance with the Rules of the Court of Chancery. If no person appears and files an answer, or moves to intervene within the time set by the rule or by an order of the Court of Chancery, the Court may forthwith adjudge whether the material so exhibited to the endorsed complaint is harmful to minors and enter an appropriate final judgment.

(f)(1) The public policy of this State requires that all proceedings prescribed in this section, other than criminal actions under subsection (i) of this section, be heard and disposed of with the maximum promptness and dispatch commensurate with constitutional requirements, including due process, freedom of the press and freedom of speech.

(2) The Rules of the Court of Chancery shall be applicable, except as they may be modified by this section.

(3) Any party or intervenor shall be entitled, upon request, to a trial of any issue with an advisory jury and the Court, with the consent of all parties, may order a trial of any issue with a jury whose verdict shall have the same effect as in cases of law.

(4) In any action in which an injunction is sought under this section, any respondent or intervenor shall be entitled to a trial of the issues within 1 day, exclusive of Saturday, Sunday and holidays, after joinder of issue, and a decision shall be rendered by the Court or jury, as the case may be, within 2 days, exclusive of Saturday, Sunday and holidays, of the conclusion of the trial. If the issues are being tried before a jury and the jury shall not be able to render a decision within 2 days of the conclusion of the trial, then notwithstanding any other provision of this section, the jury shall be dismissed and a decision shall be rendered by the Court within 2 days of the conclusion of the trial.

(5) In the event that the Court or jury, as the case may be, finds the material exhibited to the complaint not to be harmful to minors, the Court shall enter judgment accordingly and shall dismiss the complaint.

(6) In the event that the Court or jury, as the case may be, finds the material exhibited to the complaint to be harmful to minors, the Court shall enter judgment to such effect and may, in such judgment or in subsequent orders of enforcement thereof, enter a permanent injunction against any respondent prohibiting the respondent from engaging in any of the acts described in subsection (i)(1), (2) or (4) of this section.

(g) If the Court, pursuant to subsection (d) of this section, finds probable cause to believe the exhibited material to be harmful to minors, and so endorses the complaint, the Court may, upon the motion of the Attorney General and in accordance with the Chancery Court Rules, issue a temporary restraining order against any respondent prohibiting the respondent from selling, commercially distributing or giving away such material to minors or from permitting minors to inspect such material. No temporary restraining order shall be granted without notice to the respondents unless it clearly appears from specific facts shown by affidavit or by the verified complaint that 1 or more of the respondents are engaged in the sale of material harmful to minors and that immediate and irreparable injury to the morals and general welfare of minors in this State will result before notice can be served and a hearing had thereon. All proceedings for temporary restraining order and preliminary injunction shall be governed by the Rules of the Court of Chancery.

(h) Any respondent, or any officer, agent, servant, employee or attorney of such respondent, or any person in active concert or participation by contract or arrangement with such respondent, who receives actual notice, by personal service or otherwise, of any injunction or restraining order entered pursuant to subsection (f) or (g) of this section, and who shall disobey any of the provisions thereof, shall be guilty of contempt of court and upon conviction shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.

(i) Any person is guilty of a class A misdemeanor who:

(1) Exhibits for sale, sells, displays, transfers, gives gratis, loans, rents or advertises to a known minor any book, pamphlet, magazine or printed matter, however reproduced, or sound recording or picture, photograph, drawing, sculpture, motion picture film or similar visual representation that such person knows to be in whole or in part harmful to minors.

(2) Sells, gives gratis or transfers an admission ticket or pass to a known minor or admits a known minor to a premises whereon there is exhibited a motion picture, show or other presentation which, in whole or in part, such person knows to be harmful to minors.

(3) Misrepresents the person's age as 17 years or older for the purpose of evading the restrictions of this section.

(4) Exhibits for sale, sells, displays, gives gratis, transfers, loans or rents any matter enumerated in paragraph (1) of this subsection that such person knows to be harmful to minors which does not prominently include in such advertisement the words "unlawful to persons under 17 years of age."

(j) No criminal proceeding shall be commenced against any person pursuant to subsection (i)(1), (2) or (4) of this section unless, prior to the act which is the subject of such proceeding, such person:

(1) Had written notice from the Attorney General that the material which is the subject of such proceeding has been adjudged harmful to minors pursuant to subsection (b) or (i) of this section; or

(2) Has been subject to an order entered pursuant to subsection (b) of this section relating to the material which is the subject of such criminal proceeding, or any other material harmful to minors.

(k) No person shall be subject to prosecution pursuant to this section:

(1) For any sale to a minor where such person had reasonable cause to believe that the minor involved was 17 years old or more, and such minor exhibited to such person a draft card, driver's license, birth certificate or other official or apparently official document purporting to establish that such minor was 17 years old or more; or

(2) For any sale where a minor is accompanied by a parent or guardian, or accompanied by an adult and such person has no reason to suspect that the adult accompanying the minor is not the minor's parent or guardian; or

(3) Where such person is a bona fide school, museum or public library or is acting in an official capacity as an employee of such organization or as a retail outlet affiliated with and serving the educational purposes of such organization.

(l) In order to provide for the uniform application of this section to all minors within this State, it is intended that the sole and only regulation of the matters herein discussed shall be under this section and no municipality, county or other governmental unit within this State shall make any law, ordinance or regulation relating to the subject matter hereof as to minors. All such laws, ordinances and regulations, as they affect minors, whether enacted before or after this section shall become void, unenforceable and of no effect upon April 1, 1973; provided, however, that such prior laws, ordinances and regulations shall govern litigations commenced prior to April 1, 1973, and shall continue in effect solely for that purpose.

(m) This section may be known and cited as Delaware Law on the Protection of Minors From Harmful Materials, and may be referred to by that designation. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1365; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 59 Del. Laws, c. 236, § 2; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1366. Outdoor motion picture theatres.

(a) Whoever being the owner or operator of an outdoor motion picture theatre exhibits or permits to be exhibited any film not suitable for minors or harmful to minors and which film can be viewed by such minors not in attendance at the said outdoor motion picture theatre shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor.

(b) Definitions as used in this section:

(1) "Code and Rating Administration of the Motion Picture Association of America" ratings are:

"G" -- All ages admitted. General audiences;

"PG" -- All ages admitted. Parental guidance suggested;

"R" -- Restricted. Under 17 requires accompanying parent or adult guardian;

"X" -- No one under 17 admitted.

(2) "Film" means any motion picture film or series of films, whether full length or short subject, but does not include newsreels portraying actual current events or pictorial news of the day.

(3) "Harmful to minors" means that quality of any description or representation, in whatever form, of nudity, sexual conduct, sexual excitement or sado-masochistic abuse which predominately appeals to the prurient, shameful or morbid interest of minors and is patently offensive to prevailing standards in the adult community as a whole with respect to what is suitable material for minors, and taken as a whole the work lacks serious literary, artistical, political or scientific value for minors.

(4) "Minor" means any person under the age of 17 years.

(5) "Not suitable for minors" means any film, reel or view which has a rating of "R" or "X" according to the Code and Rating Administration of the Motion Picture Association of America.

(6) "Nudity" means the showing of the human male or female genitals, pubic area or buttocks with less than a fully opaque covering, or the showing of the female breast with less than a fully opaque covering of any portion thereof below the top of the nipple or the depiction of covered male genitals in a discernibly turgid state.

(7) "Sado-masochistic abuse" means flagellation or torture practiced by or upon a person clad in undergarments, a mask or bizarre costume, or the condition of being fettered, bound or otherwise physically restrained on the part of one so clothed.

(8) "Sexual conduct" means acts of masturbation, homosexuality, sexual intercourse or physical contact with a person's unclothed genitals or pubic area or a female person's breast.

(9) "Sexual excitement" means the condition of human male or female genitals in a state of sexual stimulation or arousal.

(10) "Suitable for minors" means any film, reel or view which has a rating of "G" or "PG" according to the Code and Rating Administration of the Motion Picture Association of America. (59 Del. Laws, c. 258, § 1.)

§ 1401. Advancing gambling in the second degree; class A misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of advancing gambling in the second degree when:

(1) The person sells or disposes of, or has in the person's possession with intent to sell or dispose of, a lottery policy, certificate or any other thing by which the person or another person or persons promises or promise, guarantees or guarantee that any particular number, series of numbers, character, ticket or certificate shall, in the event or on the happening of any contingency in the nature of a lottery, entitle the purchaser or holder to receive money, property or evidence of debt; or

(2) The person uses or employs any other device by which such person, or any other person, promises or guarantees as provided in subdivision (1) of this section; or

(3) The person is concerned in interest in lottery policy writing, or in selling or disposing of any lottery policy, certificate, number or numbers or any other thing by which the person or another person or persons promises or promise, guarantees or guarantee that any particular number or numbers, character, ticket or certificate shall, in the event or on the happening of any contingency in the nature of a lottery, entitle the purchaser or holder to receive money, property or evidence of debt; or

(4) The person uses or employs any other device by which such person or any other person promises or guarantees as provided in subdivision (3) of this section.

Advancing gambling in the second degree is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1401; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1402. Foreign lotteries; prima facie evidence; class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of engaging in a foreign lottery when the person brings, sends or procures to be brought or sent into this State any scheme of any lottery or any drawing of any such scheme or any ticket or part of a ticket or certificate of or a substitute for any ticket or part of a ticket, and sells or offers for sale any such ticket or part of ticket or any certificate or substitute for a certificate, and circulates in any manner any scheme or any drawing.

(b) On the trial of any person under subsection (a) of this section any lottery scheme drawing, ticket, certificate of or a substitute for a ticket or parts of tickets, which shall be proved to have been by the accused brought or procured to be brought, or sent or procured to be sent into this State or printed or procured to be printed within this State, for the purpose of circulating the same by mail or otherwise, shall be prima facie evidence within the description of this section.

(c) Engaging in foreign lotteries is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1402; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1403. Advancing gambling in the first degree; class A misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of advancing gambling in the first degree when:

(1) The person keeps, exhibits or uses, or is concerned in interest in keeping, exhibiting or using any book, device, apparatus or paraphernalia for the purpose of receiving, recording or registering bets or wagers upon the result of any trial or contest, wherever conducted, of skill, speed or power of endurance of human or beast; or

(2) Being the owner, lessee or occupant of a room, house, building, enclosure or place of any kind, the person keeps, exhibits, uses or employs therein or permits or allows to be kept, exhibited, used or employed therein, or is concerned in interest in keeping, exhibiting, using or employing therein any book, device, apparatus or paraphernalia for the purpose of receiving, recording or registering bets or wagers as provided in subdivision (1) of this section, or of forwarding in any manner money, thing or consideration of value for the purpose of being bet or wagered as provided in subdivision (1) of this section; or

(3) The person records or registers bets or wagers, or receives, contracts or agrees to receive money or anything of value for the purpose or with the intent to bet or wager personally or for another person as provided in subdivision (1) of this section; or

(4) The person directly or indirectly bets or wagers, or promises to bet or wager, money or anything of value as provided in subdivision (1) of this section.

This section does not apply to a bet or wager made on a horse race within the enclosure of any race meeting licensed and conducted under the laws of this State, and made by or through the means of a pari-mutuel or totalizator pool, the conduct of which is licensed by the Delaware Racing Commission or other state licensing agency. Such exception need not be negatived in any indictment or information.

Advancing gambling in the first degree is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1403; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1404. Providing premises for gambling; class A misdemeanor; unclassified misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of providing premises for gambling when:

(1) The person lets, demises or transfers to another person any building, structure, room or rooms knowing that the same will be used for the purpose of committing any gambling offense; or

(2) The person knowingly permits any house, structure, building, room or rooms of which the person has possession or control to be used for the purpose of committing any gambling offense; or

(3) The person contributes to the support and maintenance of any house or place where gambling is carried on or conducted; or

(4) The person keeps or maintains any house or place where gambling is carried on.

Providing premises for gambling or contributing thereto is an unclassified misdemeanor, unless the accused has been convicted, within the previous 5 years, of the same offense or of an offense under § 663 or 665 of this title as the same existed prior to July 1, 1973, in which case it is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1404; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1405. Possessing a gambling device; class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of possessing a gambling device when the person knowingly manufactures, sells, transports, keeps, exhibits, manages, places, possesses or conducts or negotiates any transaction affecting or designed to effect ownership, custody or use of a slot machine or any other gambling device.

(b) Possessing a gambling device is a class A misdemeanor.

(c) A person is not guilty of a violation of this section if the device or machine is either:

(1) An antique slot machine which is not used for gambling purposes; or

(2) Any slot machine or gambling device which is manufactured (including, without limitation, the retrofitting or alteration of a finished machine or device), assembled, transported, kept, exhibited, managed, placed or possessed by a person within this State or which is the subject of any negotiation which involves a transaction affecting or designed to affect the ownership, custody or use of such machine or device by such person in this State where:

a. Such person is duly licensed to conduct a manufacturing or other business in this State; and

b. Such person is registered in accordance with the federal Gambling Devices Act of 1962 as amended (15 U.S.C. § 1171 et seq.) and is in the business of designing, assembling, manufacturing, selling, supplying, repairing or retrofitting slot machines, gambling devices or component parts thereof exclusively for lawful possession and use.

(d) For purposes of this section, a slot machine is an antique machine if such machine is at least 25 years old.

(e) For purposes of this section, a "video lottery machine," as defined in § 4803(i) of Title 29, which is owned or leased by the State for use in the Delaware video lottery shall not constitute either a slot machine or a gaming device. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1405; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 68 Del. Laws, c. 252, § 1; 69 Del. Laws, c. 375, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 421, §§ 1, 2.)

§ 1406. Being concerned in interest in keeping any gambling device; class A misdemeanor.

(a) A person is guilty of being concerned in interest in keeping any gambling device when:

(1) The person keeps or exhibits a gaming table, faro bank, sweat cloth, roulette table or other device under any denomination at which cards, dice or any other game of chance is played for money, or other thing of value or other gambling device of any kind whatsoever; or

(2) The person, with the intent that it shall be kept or exhibited for use by the public, buys, sells or distributes a gaming table, faro bank, sweat cloth or other gambling device; or

(3) The person is a partner or concerned in interest in the keeping or exhibiting of a gaming table, faro bank, sweat cloth or other gambling device.

(b) Being concerned in interest in keeping any gambling device is a class A misdemeanor.

(c) An antique slot machine, as defined in § 1405 of this title, is not a gambling device for purposes of this section. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1406; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 68 Del. Laws, c. 252, § 2; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1407. Engaging in a crap game; violation.

A person is guilty of engaging in a crap game when the person takes part in or is knowingly present at the form of gambling commonly known as crap, in which money or other valuable things are played for by means of dice.

Engaging in a crap game is a violation. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1407; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1408. Merchandising plans are not gambling.

Sections 1401-1405 of this title are inapplicable to any plan for stimulating public interest in, or sale of, merchandise, services or exhibitions unless the plan requires that the chance to win a prize be paid for in money or something of actual pecuniary value or that some items be bought or to any lottery under state control for the purpose of raising funds. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1408; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 59 Del. Laws, c. 364, § 1.)

§ 1409. Exemption of law-enforcement officer.

Nothing in subpart D of subchapter VII of this chapter shall apply to any law-enforcement officer or officer's agent while acting in the lawful performance of duty. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1409; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1411. Unlawfully disseminating gambling information; class A misdemeanor.

A person is guilty of unlawfully disseminating gambling information when:

(1) Being a public utility it knowingly furnishes to another person a private wire for use in disseminating information in furtherance of gambling or for gambling purposes; or

(2) The person knowingly uses a private wire in disseminating or receiving information in furtherance of gambling or for gambling purposes; or

(3) The person engages in the business of or receives compensation in any form for disseminating or receiving information in furtherance of gambling or for gambling purposes by means of a private wire or a call service.

Unlawfully disseminating gambling information is a class A misdemeanor. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1411; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1412. Revocation of service contracts or denial of application for service; exemption from liability.

(a) The Attorney General, if the Attorney General has reasonable cause to believe that any service furnished by a public utility is being used or will be used to disseminate information in furtherance of gambling or for gambling purposes, may give notice to the person who has contracted with or is applying to the public utility for such service that the Attorney General intends to seek a court order that the service contract be revoked or the application for service be denied.

(b) The notice permitted in subsection (a) of this section shall be served personally upon the person who has contracted with or is applying to the public utility for the service. If personal service is not reasonably possible, the notice may be posted in a conspicuous place on the premises to which the service is furnished. The notice shall specify the time and place where the hearing will be held, and the court before which it will be held.

(c) A hearing shall be held in the Superior Court at the time specified in the notice. At the hearing, evidence bearing on the use of the public utility service in question may be presented by the State and by or on behalf of the person who has contracted for or is applying for the service.

(d) If the Court, after hearing, determines that there is probable cause to believe that the service furnished by the public utility is being used or will be used to disseminate information in furtherance of gambling or for gambling purposes, it shall order that the contract to furnish the service be revoked or that the application for service be denied.

(e) No public utility shall be held liable at law or in equity for revocation of a contract, or denying an application for service, when ordered to do so as provided by this section. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1412; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1421. Obstructions; service of notice.

If the Attorney General finds that access to a building, apartment or place, which the Attorney General has reasonable cause to believe is resorted to for the purpose of gambling in violation of the laws of this State, is barred by an obstruction, the Attorney General shall cause to be served in the manner provided by law for service of civil summons upon the occupant or owner a notice to appear before the Superior Court and to show cause why the unusual obstructions should not be removed. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1421; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1422. Posting of notice.

If the occupant or owner cannot be found, the prescribed notice shall be posted upon the outside of the premises. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1422; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1423. Contents of notice.

The notice which is served personally upon the occupant or owner or is posted upon the outside of the premises shall in all cases designate the name of the Court in which the rule will be heard, and shall further contain the time and the date upon which the rule will be brought on for hearing. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1423; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1424. Hearing.

At the time stated in the notice, a hearing shall be held in the Superior Court. At the hearing, evidence bearing on the matter may be presented by the State and by or on behalf of the person served with the notice or alleged to be the occupant or owner of the premises. The Court may grant a continuance if it is reasonably necessary in order that all relevant evidence may be heard. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1424; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1425. Findings of Court; order for removal.

If the Court, after a hearing upon the requisite matters, finds that there is reasonable cause to believe that the premises are resorted to for the purpose of gambling and that access is barred by an obstruction, the Court shall order the occupant or owner to remove the obstruction. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1425; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 59 Del. Laws, c. 203, §§ 26, 31.)

§ 1426. Official removal upon noncompliance with removal order.

In the event that the obstructions are not removed within a period of 7 days after the order for removal, the Attorney General shall cause the obstructions to be removed from the premises or place. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1426; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1427. Collection of removal expenses; status of contractor; amount of lien.

The expenses of a removal under § 1426 of this title shall be collected by the Attorney General in the manner provided by law for the filing and collection of a mechanic's lien. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1427; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1428. Maintaining an obstruction; class A misdemeanor; a violation.

A person is guilty of maintaining an obstruction when, being the owner or occupant of a building or other place from which an obstruction has been removed as provided in §§ 1421-1427 of this title, the person again erects or permits the erection of an obstruction.

Maintaining an obstruction is a violation unless the accused has been convicted of the same offense within the previous 2 years, in which case it is a class A misdemeanor. The section does not limit the power of the State to seek the removal of the obstruction as provided in §§ 1421-1427 of this title. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1428; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 67 Del. Laws, c. 130, § 8; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1431. Telephone messages received or overheard by police as evidence.

In any prosecution for a gambling offense, evidence that a police officer, when making an arrest for a gambling offense, received or overheard telephone messages intended for the accused or an associate of the accused which tend to prove that gambling activity was being conducted is admissible. The gathering and disclosure of such evidence, including the contents of the telephone messages received or overheard, does not violate any law of this State. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1431; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1.)

§ 1432. Gambling; definitions.

(a) "Gambling device" means any device, machine, paraphernalia or equipment which is used or usable in the playing phases of any gambling activity, whether the activity consists of gambling between persons or gambling by a person involving the playing of a machine. Lottery tickets, policy slips and other items used in the playing phases of lottery and policy schemes are not gambling devices.

(b) "Slot machine" means a gambling device which, as a result of the insertion of a coin or other object, operates, either completely automatically or with the aid of a physical act by the player, in such manner that, depending upon elements of chance, it may eject something of value.

(c) "Gambling offense" means any offense defined in §§ 1401-1431 of this title.

(d) "Call service" means the furnishing of information upon request therefor or by prearrangement over general telegraphic, telephonic or teletypewriter exchange or toll service.

(e) "Dissemination" means the act of transmitting, distributing, advising, spreading, communicating, conveying or making known.

(f) "Private wire" means service equipment, facilities, conduits, poles, wires, circuits, systems by means of which service is furnished for communication purposes, either through the medium of telephone, telegraph, Morse, teletypewriter, loudspeaker or any other means, or by which the voice or electrical impulses are sent over a wire, and which services are contracted for or leased for services between 2 or more points specifically designated, and are not connected to or available for general telegraphic, telephonic or teletypewriter exchange or toll service, and includes such services known as "special contract leased wire service," "leased line," "private line," "private system," "Morse line," "private wire," but does not include the usual and customary telephone or teletypewriter service by which the subscriber may be connected at each separate call to any other telephone or teletypewriter designated by the subscriber only through the general telephone or teletypewriter exchange system or toll service.

(g) "Public utility" means a person, partnership, association or corporation owning or operating in this State equipment or facilities for conveying or transmitting messages or communications by telephone or telegraph to the public for compensation.

(h) "Obstruction" means a door, window, shutter, screen bar or grating of unusual strength, or any unnecessary number of doors, windows or obstructions other than what is usual and ordinary in the normal or usual use of a building, apartment or place, by which access to any building, apartment or place is barred. (11 Del. C. 1953, § 1432; 58 Del. Laws, c. 497, § 1; 70 Del. Laws, c. 186, § 1.)

§ 1441. License to carry concealed deadly weapons.

(a) A person of full age and good moral character desiring to be licensed to carry a concealed deadly weapon for personal protection or the protection of the person's property may be licensed to do so when the following conditions have been strictly complied with:

(1) The person shall make application therefor in writing and file the same with the Prothonotary of the proper county, at least 15 days before the then next term of the Superior Court, clearly stating that the person is of full age and that the person is desirous of being licensed to carry a concealed deadly weapon for personal protection or protection of the person's property, or both, and also stating the person's residence and occupation. The person shall submit together with such application all information necessary to conduct a criminal history background check. The Superior Court may conduct a criminal history background check pursuant to the procedures set forth in Chapter 85 of Title 11 for the purposes of licensing any person pursuant to this section.

(2) At the same time the person shall file, with the Prothonotary, a certificate of 5 respectable citizens of the county in which the applicant resides at the time of filing the application. The certificate shall clearly state that the applicant is a person of full age, sobriety and good moral character, that the applicant bears a good reputation for peace and good order in the community in which the applicant resides, and that the carrying of a concealed deadly weapon by the applicant is necessary for the protection of the applicant or the applicant's property, or both. The certificate shall be signed with the proper signatures and in the proper handwriting of each such respectable citizen.

(3) Every such applicant shall file in the office of the Prothonotary of the proper county the application verified by oath or affirmation in writing taken before an officer authorized by the laws of this State to administer the same, and shall under such verification state that the applicant's certificate and recommendation were read to or by the signers thereof and that the signatures thereto are in the proper and genuine handwriting of each. Prior to the issuance of an initial license the person shall also file with the Prothonotary a notarized certificate signed by an instructor or authorized representative of a sponsoring agency, school, organization or institution certifying that the applicant (1) has completed a firearms training course which contains at least the below described minimum elements, and (2) is sponsored by a federal, state, county or municipal law enforcement agency, a college, a nationally recognized organization that customarily offers firearms training, or a firearms training school with instructors certified by a nationally recognized organization that customarily offers firearms training. The firearms training, course shall include the following elements:

a. Instruction regarding knowledge and safe handling of firearms;

b. Instruction regarding safe storage of firearms and child safety;

c. Instruction regarding knowledge and safe handling of ammunition;

d. Instruction regarding safe storage of ammunition and child safety;

e. Instruction regarding safe firearms shooting fundamentals;

f. Live fire shooting exercises conducted on a range, including the expenditure of a minimum of 100 rounds of ammunition;

g. Identification of ways to develop and maintain firearm shooting skills;

h. Instruction regarding federal and state laws pertaining to the lawful purchase, ownership, transportation, use and possession of firearms;

i. Instruction regarding the laws of this State pertaining to the use of deadly force for self defense; and

j. Instruction regarding techniques for avoiding a criminal attack and how to manage a violent confrontation, including conflict resolution.

(4) At the time the application is filed, the applicant shall pay a fee of $34.50 to the Prothonotary issuing the same.

(5) The license issued upon initial application shall be valid for 2 years. On or before the date of expiration of such initial license, the licensee, without further application, may renew the same for the further period of 3 years upon payment to the Prothonotary of a fee of $34.50, and upon filing with said Prothonotary an affidavit setting forth that the carrying of a concealed deadly weapon by the licensee is necessary for personal protection or protection of the person's property, or both, and that the person possesses all the requirements for the issuance of a license and may make like renewal every 3 years thereafter; provided, however, that the Superior Court, upon good cause presented to it, may inquire into the renewal request and deny the same for good cause shown. No requirements in addition to those specified in this paragraph may be imposed for the renewal of a license.

(b) The Prothonotary of the county in which any applicant for a license files the same shall cause notice of every such application to be published once, at least 10 days before the next term of the Superior Court. The publication shall be made in a newspaper of general circulation published in the county. In making such publication it shall be sufficient for the Prothonotary to do the same as a list in alphabetical form stating therein simply the name and residence of each applicant respectively.

(c) The Prothonotary of the county in which the application for license is made shall lay before the Superior Court, at its then next term, all applications for licenses, together with the certificate and recommendation accompanying the same, filed in the Prothonotary's office, on the 1st day of such application.

(d) The Court may or may not, in its discretion, approve any application, and in order to satisfy the Judges thereof fully in regard to the propriety of approving the same, may receive remonstrances and hear evidence and arguments for and against the same, and establish general rules for that purpose.

(e) If any application is approved, as provided in this section, the Court shall endorse the word "approved" thereon and sign the same with the date of approval. If not approved, the Court shall endorse the words "not approved" and sign the same. The Prothonotary, immediately after any such application has been so approved, shall notify the applicant of such approval, and following receipt of the notarized certification of satisfactory completion of the firearms training course requirement as set forth in subdivision (a)(3) above shall issue a proper license, signed as other state licenses are, to the applicant for the purposes provided in this section and for a term to expire on June 1 next succeeding the date of such approval.

(f) The Secretary of State shall prepare blank forms of license to carry out the purposes of this section, and shall issue the same as required to the several Prothonotaries of the counties in this State. The Prothonotaries of all the counties shall affix to the license, before lamination, a photographic representation of the licensee.

(g) The provisions of this section do not apply to the carrying of the usual weapon by the police or other peace officers.

(h) Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary, anyone retired as a police officer, as "police officer" is defined by § 1911 of this title, who is retired after having served at least 20 years in any law enforcement agency within this State, or who is retired and remains currently eligible for a duty-connected disability pension, may be licensed to carry a concealed deadly weapon for the protection of his or her person or property after his or her retirement, if the following conditions are strictly complied with:

(1) If he or she applies for the license within 90 days of the date of his or her retirement, he or she shall pay a fee of $34.50 to the Prothonotary in the county where he or she resides and present to the Prothonotary both:

a. A certification from the Attorney General's office, in a form prescribed by the Attorney General's office, verifying that the retired officer is in good standing with the law enforcement agency from which he or she is retired; and

b. A letter from the chief of the retired officer's agency verifying that the retired officer is in good standing with the law enforcement agency from which he or she is retired; or

(2) If he or she applies for the license more than 90 days, but within 20 years, of the date of his or her retirement, he or she shall pay a fee of $34.50 to the Prothonotary in the county where he or she resides and present to the Prothonotary certification forms from the Attorney General's office, or in a form prescribed by the Attorney General's office, that:

a. The retired officer is in good standing with the law enforcement agency from which he or she is retired;

b. The retired officer's criminal record has been reviewed and that he or she has not been convicted of any crime greater than a violation since the date of his or her retirement; and

c. The retired officer has not been committed to a psychiatric facility since the date of his or her retirement.

(i) Notwithstanding anything contained in this section to the contrary, an adult person who, as a successful petitioner seeking relief pursuant to Part D, subchapter III of Chapter 9 of Title 10, has caused a protection from abuse order containing a firearms prohibition authorized by § 1045(a)(8) of Title 10 or a firearms prohibition pursuant to § 1448(a)(6) of this title to be entered against a person for alleged acts of domestic violence as defined in § 1041 of Title 10, shall be deemed to have shown the necessity for a license to carry a deadly weapon concealed for protection of themselves pursuant to § 1441 of this title. In such cases, all other requirements of subsection (a) of this section must still be satisfied.

(j) Notwithstanding any other provision of this Code to the contrary, the State of Delaware shall give full faith and credit and shall otherwise honor and give full force and effect to all licenses/permits issued to the citizens of other states where those issuing states also give full faith and credit and otherwise honor the licenses issued by the State of Delaware pursuant to this section and where those licenses/permits are issued by authority pursuant to state law and which afford a reasonably similar degree of protection as is provided by licensure in Delaware. For the purpose of this subsection "reasonably similar" does not preclude alternative or differing provisions nor a different source and process by which eligibility is determined. Notwithstanding the forgoing, if there is evidence of a pattern of issuing licenses/permits to convicted felons in another state, the Attorney General shall not include that state under the exception contained in this subsection even if the law of that state is determined to be "reasonably similar." The Attorney General shall communicate the provisions of this section to the Attorneys General of the several states and shall determine those states whose licensing/permit systems qualify for recognition under this section. The Attorney General shall publish on January 15th of each year a list of all States which have qualified for reciprocity under this subsection. Such list shall be valid for one year and any removal of a State from the list shall not occur without 1 year's notice of such imp