DAVID A REAMS V SAXON MORTGAGE SERVICES INC
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STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
DAVID A. REAMS,
UNPUBLISHED
May 11, 2010
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v
No. 289617
Oakland Circuit Court
LC No. 08-096103-CH
SAXON MORTGAGE SERVICES, INC.,
Defendant-Appellant.
Before: TALBOT, P.J., and FITZGERALD and M.J. KELLY, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Plaintiff appeals as of right the order granting defendant’s motions to set aside orders
dismissing a foreclosure sale, invalidating a quitclaim deed and for the imposition of sanctions.
We affirm.
On appeal, plaintiff primarily contends that the trial court erred in determining that the
motions he filed and the subsequent service of process of the documents on defendant violated
the Michigan Rules of Court. A trial court's factual findings are reviewed for clear error, while
its discretionary decisions are reviewed for an abuse of discretion. Herald Co v Eastern
Michigan Univ Bd of Regents, 475 Mich 463, 471-472; 719 NW2d 19 (2006). “A finding is
clearly erroneous if, after a review of the entire record, the reviewing court is left with the
definite and firm conviction that a mistake was made.” Berger v Berger, 277 Mich App 700,
717; 747 NW2d 336 (2008). “Decisions concerning the meaning and scope of pleadings fall
within the sound discretion of the trial court.” Lockridge v Oakwood Hosp, 285 Mich App 678,
692; 777 NW2d 511 (2009) (citation omitted). An abuse of discretion occurs only when the
court’s “decision results in an outcome falling outside of the principled range of outcomes.” Id.
(citation omitted).
In order to initiate a lawsuit a party must file a complaint. MCR 2.101(B). A complaint,
consistent with pleading requirements, must contain a statement of facts and “[a] demand for
judgment for the relief that the pleader seeks.” MCR 2.111(B)(1), (2). Specifically, “[t]he
complaint must contain ‘[a] statement of the facts, without repetition, on which the pleader relies
in stating the cause of action, with the specific allegations necessary reasonably to inform the
adverse party of the nature of the claims the adverse party is called on to defend[.]’” Woods v
SLB Prop Mgt, LLC, 277 Mich App 622, 627; 750 NW2d 228 (2008), citing MCR 2.111(B)(1).
“Each allegation of a pleading must be ‘clear, concise, and direct.’” Id., quoting MCR
2.111(A)(1).
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First and foremost, plaintiff’s filings with the trial court did not comport with the
Michigan Rules of Court because he filed a motion without having first submitted a complaint to
initiate a cause of action pursuant to MCR 2.101(B). Further, the document filed by plaintiff did
not meet the pleading requirements imposed by MCR 2.111(B) because it lacked a sufficient
statement of facts. The only information provided in plaintiff’s initial motion was the address of
the property and the date of the foreclosure sale, along with a copy of the quit claim deed. Even
if we were to treat plaintiff’s motion as a complaint, conspicuously absent from the motion is any
information pertaining to the amount owed by plaintiff for the property, the value of the subject
property or the date and manner of default. As such, the document failed to adequately inform
defendant of the nature and extent of plaintiff’s claims. Because plaintiff’s claims were
inadequately pleaded, they were properly dismissed.
In addition, plaintiff contends that defendant’s answer to his motion, which suggests that
plaintiff did comply with the Michigan Rules of Court, constitutes an admission pursuant to
MCR 2.111(E)(1) precluding dismissal of his claims. Defendant asserts that the wording of its
answer comprised a typographical or clerical error, which is obvious when read in conjunction
with the accompanying brief. We find plaintiff’s argument to be unavailing as it fails to
recognize that his motion did not constitute a pleading as that term is defined in MCR 2.110 and,
therefore, was not subject to MCR 2.111(E)(1). Whether the documents filed by plaintiff
constitute a “pleading” was a question of law for the trial court’s determination. Although
parties are bound by the factual statements in their pleadings, MCR 2.111(C) is not applicable to
statements by parties regarding questions of law. Atkinson v City of Detroit, 222 Mich App 7,
11-12; 564 NW2d 473 (1997).
Further, dismissal of this action was correct based on the failure to properly effectuate
service of process on defendant. MCR 2.102(E)(1). Defendant, as a corporation, was required to
be served in accordance with MCR 2.105(D). Plaintiff erred by serving all documents, including
the initial filing, on defendant’s attorney, contrary to MCR 2.107(B)(1)(a). Before defendant had
an opportunity to respond to plaintiff’s motions, the trial court entered orders granting the
dismissal of the foreclosure sales. When made aware of the errors and omissions in pleading and
service of process, the trial court correctly set aside its previous orders.
Plaintiff also argues that the trial court erred in determining that the deed quit claiming
his interest to the property was invalid. We find that this claim has been abandoned because
plaintiff provides no explanation or justification to support his assertions on this issue. An
appellant may not merely “announce a position or assert an error and then leave it up to this
Court to discover and rationalize the basis for his claims, or unravel and elaborate for him his
arguments, and then search for authority either to sustain or reject his position.” Mudge v
Macomb Co, 458 Mich 87, 105; 580 NW2d 845 (1998).
Finally, plaintiff contends that the trial court erred in the imposition of sanctions. “We
review for clear error the trial court's determination whether to impose sanctions under MCR
2.114. A decision is clearly erroneous when, although there may be evidence to support it, we
are left with a definite and firm conviction that a mistake has been made.” Guerrero v Smith;
280 Mich App 647, 677; 761 NW2d 723 (2008) (citation omitted). “The filing of a signed
document that is not well grounded in fact or law subjects the filer to sanctions pursuant to MCR
2.114(E).” Id. at 678. In addition, “MCR 2.114(E) states that the trial court ‘shall’ impose
sanctions upon finding that a document has been signed in violation of the rule. Therefore, if a
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violation of MCR 2.114(D) has occurred, the sanctions provided for by MCR 2.114(E) are
mandatory.” Id.
It cannot reasonably be disputed that the documents plaintiff filed with the trial court
were woefully inadequate and failed to comply with the Michigan Rules of Court. Plaintiff did
not initiate proceedings by the filing of a formal complaint or even a document, which contained
the minimal requirements to qualify as a complaint. Further, plaintiff failed to properly
effectuate service of process. Because the documents filed by plaintiff were in violation of the
relevant court rules, the trial court’s imposition of sanctions against plaintiff was mandatory.
Affirmed.
/s/ Michael J. Talbot
/s/ E. Thomas Fitzgerald
/s/ Michael J. Kelly
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