PEOPLE OF MI V DARRYL TOLAND
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STATE OF MICHIGAN
COURT OF APPEALS
PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF MICHIGAN,
UNPUBLISHED
February 26, 2002
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v
No. 227354
Wayne Circuit Court
LC No. 99-008697
DARRYL TOLAND,
Defendant-Appellant.
Before: Smolenski, P.J., and Doctoroff and Owens, JJ.
PER CURIAM.
Defendant appeals as of right his sentence of twenty to forty years in prison for his
convictions of criminal sexual conduct in the second degree (CSC II), MCL 750.520c, and
habitual offender, fourth or subsequent offense, MCL 769.12, entered after a jury trial. We
affirm. This appeal is being decided without oral argument pursuant to MCR 7.214(E).
Defendant was originally charged with one count of criminal sexual conduct in the first
degree (CSC I), MCL 750.520b, and two counts of CSC II. Complainant, defendant’s fifteenyear-old mentally impaired niece, testified that defendant penetrated her vagina with his fingers,
touched her vagina, and kissed her breasts. The jury acquitted defendant of CSC I, but convicted
him of two counts of CSC II.
The applicable statutory sentencing guidelines recommended a minimum term range of
nineteen to thirty-eight months for the convictions of CSC II. The range increased to nineteen to
seventy-six months under the habitual offender grid. MCL 777.21(3)(c). The trial court
sentenced defendant to twenty to forty years in prison, with credit for 229 days. The trial court
stated that it exceeded the guidelines because they did not adequately account for the
circumstances of the offense.
In most instances a trial court must impose a sentence within the calculated guidelines
range. MCL 769.34(2). A trial court may depart from the guidelines if it finds that a substantial
and compelling reason exists to do so. To constitute a substantial and compelling reason for
departing from the guidelines, the reason must be objective and verifiable, and must irresistibly
hold the attention of the court. People v Babcock, 244 Mich App 64, 75; 624 NW2d 479 (2000).
We review the trial court’s determination of the existence of a substantial and compelling reason
for departure for clear error. The determination that the reason is objective and verifiable is
reviewed as a matter of law. The determination that the reason constituted a substantial and
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compelling reason to depart from the guidelines is reviewed for an abuse of discretion. Id., 7576. Once we determine that a trial court’s stated reason for departing from the guidelines is
objective and verifiable, we must limit our review of a sentence to whether the trial court abused
its discretion in concluding that the factor constituted a substantial and compelling reason for the
departure. If we conclude that a substantial and compelling reason existed for departing from the
guidelines, we must affirm the resulting sentence as long as it otherwise comports with the
sentencing guidelines and other requirements of the law. The statutory sentencing guidelines do
not authorize a further review of the sentence pursuant to the principle of proportionality set out
in People v Milbourn, 435 Mich 630; 461 NW2d 1 (1990). Babcock, supra, 77-78. The court
may depart from the guidelines for nondiscriminatory reasons where legitimate factors either
were not considered by the guidelines, or were considered but were given inadequate or
disproportionate weight. MCL 769.34(3)(b); People v Armstrong, 247 Mich App 423, 425; 636
NW2d 785 (2001).
Defendant argues that the trial court abused its discretion by departing from the
sentencing guidelines. We disagree and affirm defendant’s sentence. The guidelines take into
account the mental disability of a victim in Offense Variable 10, MCL 777.40, exploitation of a
vulnerable victim. The undisputed, verifiable evidence showed that defendant assaulted
complainant, his mentally impaired niece, in her own home. Complainant’s mental status was
such that she effectively believed that she was at fault for defendant’s actions. Defendant’s
contention that his relationship to complainant did not warrant the trial court exceeding the
guidelines because the statute under which he was convicted, MCL 750.520c(1)(b)(ii), accounted
for the relationship, is without merit. Defendant’s assertion that he could not have been
convicted of any crime had the relationship not existed is erroneous. A defendant need not be
related to the victim in order to be convicted of CSC II. The trial court did not err in finding that
complainant’s vulnerability, based on both her mental disability and her relationship to
defendant, was given inadequate weight by the guidelines. Armstrong, supra. The trial court did
not abuse its discretion by finding that substantial and compelling reasons existed for departing
upward from the guidelines. The sentence otherwise comports with the guidelines and other
requirements of the law; no further review is authorized. Babcock, supra, 77-78.
Defendant’s assertion that trial counsel rendered ineffective assistance by failing to object
to the sentence is without merit. Defendant has not demonstrated a reasonable probability that
had counsel raised an objection, a different sentence would have been imposed. No prejudice
occurred. People v Toma, 462 Mich 281, 302-303; 613 NW2d 694 (2000).
Affirmed.
/s/ Michael R. Smolenski
/s/ Martin M. Doctoroff
/s/ Donald S. Owens
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