Baker v. Corbin et al, No. 7:2016cv00271 - Document 28 (W.D. Va. 2017)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Michael F. Urbanski on 4/11/2017. (tvt)
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b cl ERrs OFFI U . DI COURT CE S. ST. AT RI NOKE, A W V FI LED AP2 1 2 1 g 23 I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FO R TH E W ESTER N D I STR I O F V I G I A CT R NI ROANOKE DI I O N V SI C H R ISTO PH ER LEE BA K ER , Pl ntf ai if, V. CLA Y CO R BI ,e a1, N t , D ef endant s. J U UD EY CLERK BY; , w CU ERK C i lActon N o.7: 6- v- 271 vi i 1 c 00 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) M EM ORAI DUM OPJ ON NI By: H on. i hae F.U r M c l bans ki Unied St es Di tri Judge t at s ct Chrsophe Le Ba r aVigni i t pr ee ng pr K ,fld a cvi rght c it r e ke , r i a nma e oc di o ie i l i s ompl nt ai . puruantt 42U. C.j1 na ngSupei e ntJ me W hilya Ca ai Cly Cobi of s o S. 983, mi rntnde n s te nd pt n a r n teNo twe tr Re ina Ad l Dee to Ce tr(7a1)a d f n a t.Dee d nsflda h rh sen g o l ut tn in n e < i' s e e d ns fn a t ie ' mo inf rs to o ummayj d me t a dPlitf r s n e , k n t i matrrp frds sto . r u g n, n anif epo d d ma i g h s t ie o ipo iin e Afe r ve n t erc r ,h c u t rn sDee a t' to f rs mmayj d me t tr e iwig h e o d te o r g a t fnd ns moi n o u r u g n . 1. The ve ii d com pl ntr ds i pe tne pa t r fe ai ea n r i nt r ' . lve b e te td s d sial,c zly a d u j si a l mo ty be a e 1 ' e n r ae a itc ly n el , n nu tf by sl c us s have m e c lne ol c a ps hol c ldi or r I ve be n pl ce i di a ur ogi al nd yc ogi a s de s. ' e a d n ac l w/n r r n wae , ob d j tac nceesa t ly gi)o f r1 el o umig tr n e ,us o rt lb o a sc n o 6 l sada , ( o hsa atme.Iha s veeba k a hi pai aswelas pur ygq mj nt t i ve e r c nd p n l a s pa a e s de f o t sw r ng ' te m e . e r t d houl r r m hi o f r at nt ul Pl ntf smia l compl i d abou t lc ofa nii so t g i va f ms ai if i lry ane t he a k me te n wo re nce or atc e t t ec mpan .( tNo. ) Ont eg iv n efldo J n ay31 2 6 Plitf ta h d o h o lit Dk . 2. h re a c ie n a u r , 01 , an if w r e: ot Baker v. Corbin et al l i a ns t l w t t a c c ' be a f c li t 1 y on c d t s gai t he a o ake onvi t s d nd or e lm o a ol conc e e 1 t 1 hour a da rt 6 o 7 s y. Thi i c i r d a vi a i of m y s s ons de e ol ton cons iutonal a tt i nd a e d rght . I ' c u unus ly s di tc m nde i s ts r el ua l a s i Doc. 28 u c n ttto aj u j si d p n s me t f r a h ma b ig t e d r. n o si ingl nu tfe u ih n o u u n en o n u e Eihe s o t s m it e t e o 11 be f c t fl a 1 3 c vi a t f t r t p hi s r a m nt r :1 or ed o ie 98 i l c or m e a ps hol ca a phys ca he lh da ag t t 1 now s f r f om . nt l yc ogi l nd i l a t m es ha uf e r Se rlmonhsoft ste t ng) vea t hi r ame t. Dockets.Justia.com A le ena r ponded on Fe ua y 1 201 i ut nt es br r 0, 6: The pr e e of i aes hous d i dici i r s r ga i has not oc dur nm t e n s plna y eg e ton cha d i a f w ye r . The De .ofCore tons hasaudied t s f iiy nge n e as pt rci t hi aclt a df u dt a ti ae o t ej i ( s g t b wihn a c p a l sa d r s n o n h t h s r a f h al D-e ) o e ti c e tbe tn a d oft i polcesa pr e es Dicplna y s gr ga i i no mea tf he r i i nd oc dur . s i i r e e ton s t n or t e e j y n o t e imae I i me n t d tr b d be a ir f rt e h n o me t f h n t . t s a t o ee a h v o o h i t s.I i nots si o c te a unus lpunihm e . nma e t s aditc r rzl nd ua s nt Pl i ifa antf ppeaedt le e ntsr pons ,a Ca . bi de m e t g iva eunf l he iut na ' es e nd pt Coy n e d he re nc ounde d o Fe ua y 1 201 n br r 2, 6. On t gre nc f m da e M a 2,201 Pli ifwr e: he i va e or t d y 6, antf ot lha ei tepata d a n w c re ty s r eng gijs n to whc is v n h s n m o u rn l u v i sc a cins ih g) i ac l c l wi n r r n wae a d n ti gb tac l c n rt blck n od el t o umi g tr n oh n u od o cee o l) h t st(ilo d i ape i of1 hour ada f mo hsa atme.Iha o e sc n urng rod 6 s y or nt t i ve c m it d a t i t pa t t t I de e we s nc i . But f t m os pa t om te c s n he s ha s l d a tons or he t r lve be n f ce t s f r t s c ue s ditc a t ua c tons a ' e or d o ufe he e r l a si nd mus l ondii nd p y hiti d s r e sIh ve 1ha ebe n d ljno e wi te f lo n s c arc io d r a . v e ia g s d t h o lwig: h Tour te s om e i unt r moveme s and voc lz i , co uc e t yndr nvol a y nt a iatons nd t dior r t olt r ag es i t s de , s ia y gr sve ype' A. . D. pe s naiy dior r D H. , r o lt s de , Dy ty a P. S I ) a d sv rlmo e Ih v me tlh at e au to sh mi, T..D., n e e a r . a e n a e l v lains h ta sae )tea o e In trd o b i a u e a d mite td c u la d h t ttg h b v . m ie f eng b s d n srae r e n s ditc ly f t ngsIha no c r o r Suc asl udve ba outbu ss a si al or hi ve ontol vè . h o r l rt, hti ad o wihmyh ndivounaiy Ia fli (iqaln o e d it ng o r t a n l trl. m ieng sc o g v r o (iq 1 3 cvi a t fr t e mite t n o a hz n zng w/ n a a sc 98 i l c o h sr ame t f l ii ma me tl nd m edi aldi or r c s de s. A le e ntr ple on M a 1 201 i ut na e i d y 2, 6: Them iteam e m u a edes i ng i t a sr t nt r crbi n he bovena r tvehasbe n gre d ra i e i ve b f r . Th s wa ba k i Fe r ay o 2 6( . . wh c ) wa d e d eo e i s c n b u r f 01 , . g ih s e me 1 unf ounde by t Ca . o Se urt on 2- 2d he pt f c iy 1 16. The De m e of pm nt Core tons has r vi we t s f iiy' Dicplna y Seg e ton Polc rci e e d hi ac lt s s i i r r gai iy. The di no viw t spolc asc e,s ditc ori rl a Dicplna y y d t e hi iy nz l a si , nl m ne. s i i r s gr ga i wa not ma f a i a e s comf t l ve . I you a e e e ton s de or n nm t ' or e l f r i r t o f e ,yotrc f tl ve w ilbe dr tca l di f r nt nf ac i n r e l om or e l l as i ly f e e . Pl i ifa a ntf ppea ed t le e nt sr pons ,a Ca . bi de m e t g i va e unf l he i ut na ' es e nd pt Cor n e d he r e nc ounde d on M ay 1 2016. 2, 2 / i i Ca . bi s l d a t S pt i ofSe urt & Ope ai ns' t e Dec mbe 201 pt Cor n ewe s he t an ca c iy r to 'bewe n e r 3 a M ay 1 201 l t tr e,Ca . bi w asr pons bl f r m a m um - t a nd 6, 6. n ha ol pt Cor n es ie o xi cus ody nd s gr ton c a sfc tonsa t da l ope a i oft eunis Howe r Ca . bi has e egai l s i a i nd he iy r tons hos t. ve , pt Cor n no pa tc pa e i Pl i if sm a m um - us ody c a st a i orhad a r s t r i i t d n a ntf xi c t l s ik ton ny e pons biiy f i lt or s gr to ho i s nc M ay 1 2016. e ega i n us ng i e 6, . ll. A. De e d n sa g et tte aee tte t q aiidi nt a ds fn a t r u ha h y r n ild o u l e mmu iy n ummayj dg n . f r u me t Qualfe i iid mmuniypemisS r me tofi al pefr ng dsr tonayfmci ...gobe t r t l n n fci s romi ic ei r t tons t ) gove s eded fom la lt f cvi da hi l r i biiy or i l mage i of ra t rc s ns a s hei onduc doe notvi a ec e ry t s olt l a l e t bls d s a ut y orco tm tona r gh s ofwhi h a r s na e pe s n woul ha 1 0w 1. s a i he t t or ns i i l i t c ea o bl r o d ve u1 1' ' Ha lw v. t g r l 45 U. 8 0 81 ( 9 2 , e I r Ale ,1 6F.d5 2 5 3(t Ci. ro Fiz e ad, 7 S. 0 , 8 1 8 ) s e n e ln 0 3 8 , 9 4h r . 1 9 )(ç n o tca ma cam q aii di n t a ln a h sa to sa en t la l 9 7 GA) f il y li u lfe mmu iy s o g s i ci n r o ce ry g i etbls dt bebe sa ihe o yondt bot re ofhi dicei r a ho iy.) Onceadee nt he mdais s s rtonay ut rt ' . ' fnda r iest quaii i uniy d e e apl i ifbe r t bur n t s a s he lfed mm t ef ns , antf a s he de o how t tadef nda ' ha e nts c n u tvo ae t ep an ifsrg t Br a tv M uh 9 4F. 1 8 ,1 8 (t Ci. 9 3 , e . o d c iltd h litf ih . v n . t , 9 2d 0 2 0 6 4 h r 1 9 ) se . e. ,Pe ronv.Calha 55 U. 223, ( 09 . c. a s la n, 5 S. 231 20 ) A pat i e tte t s mmayj g n it epla ig ,h d sl s dmaeil o f e ry s nild o u r ud me t f h e dn s t e ico e tras n i , l a a a fda t s nd ny f i vis how t tt r i no g nui di put a t a m a e i lf c . Fe R.Ci P. ha he e s e ne s e s o ny t r a a t d. v. , I 5 () M aeil a t aet o en c sayt etb ihteee n so apat sc us ofa to 6 a . tra fcs r h s e e sr o sa ls h lme t f ry' a e cin. : 1 Andero v.Li rvLobby,nc.477U. 242,248( 986) A ge neds eofmaeilfc sn be t I , S. 1 . nui iput tra a t : e s s i,iîvi w i t r c d a a lr s bl i e e esdr w n t r f om i a lg m os xi t f r e ng he e or nd l ea ona e nf r nc a he e r n i ht t ' f vor bl t t no m ovi pa t a r s na e f tfnde c d r t n ave di tf t no a a e o he nng r y, ea o bl ac -i r oul e ur r c or he n3 I 1 ! i mova . 1 Them ovi pa t ha t bur n ofs nt d. ng ry s he de howi - i ha i,poi i ou t t diti t ng ç t s ntng t o he src t c t t tt r i a a e ofe de e t s our - ha he e s n bs nce vi nc o uppo tt no ovi pa t s c s .' Cel e r he nm ng r y' a e ' ot x Cop.v.Car t,477U. 31 325( 98 .l t mova stsi t sbur t nt nontet j. 7, 1 6) f he nt aifes hi den,he he movan mus s tf t s c t f cst tde o taet e se ofage nediput off c t t e orh pe ik a t ha m nsr t he xit nce nui s e a t f r ra.I a 3 2 2 .A pa t i e tte t s mmayj dg n it er c r a awh l c u d o til d. t 2 - 4 ry s n ild o u r u me t f h e o d s o e o l notlada r tona tiroff tt fnd i f vo oft non- o nt W ila sv.Grf 95 F. e ai l re ac o i n a r he m va . lim ifn, 2 2d 8 0 8 3( t Ci.1 91.i eet u p re s e u ain . .sno e o g t d fa as mma y 2 , 2 4h r 9 ) l r ms p o td p c lto . i t n u h o ee t u r Ml j g n moin. En i v. tl sno Bu . Ed c Ra i. n .5 F.d5 , 2( t Ci. ud me t to ' n s Na' As ' f s & u . do I c, 3 3 5 6 4h r ' 1 5 . Noa y Pli tf c n o us ar s ns t amoinf rsl r j d me t oa n o 99 ) tbl, anif a n t e epo e o to o l mmay u g n t me d r c re tac mplitc le g db t moi nfrs mmayj g n .Cla i e v Mc vi or c o an haln e y he to o u r ud me t o nnc r . De t t 5 5F.d3 4 3 6( t Ci. 0 9 . 5 3 2 , 3 4h r 2 0 ) I r s ns t Dee d n s mo infrs mmayj g n , an iftldame rn u n epo e o fn a t' to o u r ud me tPlitf ie mo a d m, c pe o j i g iv nc s alte Plitf p r o tdys n t Ca t Cob n a ds v r lt t e s o is f al re a e , etr an if u p re l e t o p . r i , n e e a t n s wi s a e e s' po t dl s gne by f low i a esa t J i . N e t rt m e o a t t m nt ' pur r e y i d e l nm t t he a li ihe he m r ndum nort he wine s s sae e sc tt t ad isbl e de be us t we enots n be or a t s e ' t tm nt onsiu e m s i e vi nce ca e hey r wor f e n tr a d n tc n o m t 28U. C. 1 4 fru wo nd caain .Se Hi v oa y nd o o o f r o S. j 7 6 o ns r e lrto s e l l So he tm FrihtLi .nc.877F.Supp.2d375,38184( . N. 201 ( s usi t ut ase eg nes l , - M D. C. 2) dic sng he ' f r l isa da misb lyo sae n sa dafd vt) afd 5 3F. p' 21 (t Ci. o mai e n d s iii f ttme t n f a is, f , 2 Ap x 3 4h r t t 1 201 . 3) ' ( 1 1Pl ntf alo fld amoton f vi o s velanc a am oto t compelde e ai if s ie i or de ur il e nd in o f ndant t tl aprorJ i s o ie i al polc Thec tde e t m otonsfrs ve a r as .Fis,Pli iff ist c riyt thes iy. our nis he i o e r l e ons rt antf al o e tf ha oughtt dic y he s over fo d fn a t b f r se i ac r o d r Se F d R. v P. 7() Seo , aniffi t e panh w te r m ee d ns eoe e kng out r e. e e . Ci. 3 a. ' nd Plitf al o x li o h c s vd ofoa eo poiyi rlv n, tra, rpo aieo t fcso t sato S eF d R. v P. ()1. ie o tg r l s ee a tmaeilo rb tv fhe a t fhi cin. e e . Ci. 26b () c Lasl Plitf ha notc riidt hec ty, an if s e tfe hat annotade t y oppos De e nt m oton a en t r quesed quael e f nda s' i bs t he e t e ie c .S eFe R. v. 5 () vd n e e d. Ci P. 6 d. 4 i . Slhelbe alc tu ton afo de t pladi ofp oK ltga sc nnotbeus d a a l- i r onsr c i f r d he e ngs r ii nt n e s mec nim f a di f de a nle ofe de ea cvi pr e e' Ree v.Ri r , ha s or voi ng e r l l s vi nc nd i l oc dur .' d cha ds No. 93- 1 1 U. App. 1 90, 994 S. LEXI 1 S 4734, t* 1 W L 259 a * 3( hCi. une1 a 8, 994 442, t 2- 7t r J 3, 199 (ntr quotto maksomit ;s eFe R. v. 7()( i ngpla ngs;s as 4) i enal ain r tedl e d. Ci P. a defni e di l ee lo Ca e v. l , 6 F.d7 5, 0 n. ( t Ci.1 9 )(Be a s wec n ta s s wh t r usy Baoc 1 2 3 9 8 3 4 4h r 9 8 s c u e a no se s ehe l Ca ey ha fr thand knowldge oft s f c sorwhe he hei c us d is e he e a t t r s ompe e t t siy t t m,we t nt o e tf o he c nnotc i rt m i ou r viw. Godonv.W as 622F. 1 1 23(t Ci.1980 a onsde he n r e e ' r l; ton, 2d 20, 22- 5h r ) (e ri dititco tsrla o pr plitf st wol ,unve ii rs ei grntng rvesng src ur' eince n o : anif ms ' n rfed eppns n a i su mayj dg n b tn tn l a ( rs o s jb e s r iwo l h v r ie ag n i tn r u me t u oi g s d t e p n e e n won t ud a e as d e une h he is el t maeil a f).Co e ue ty,heu s r me rn u a dwi se 'ms t su ol tra fc ns q nl t n wo n mo a d m n t s s l wo' ne n p r o tdsae nsaeia misbl f rp r o e o s mmayj g n . Se Nis -wa u p re ttme t r n d s i e o u p s s f u r ud me t2 e shol i Am. m. . ie 8 F.d 1 0 ,1 0 ( t Ci.1 8 )( ( nu wo nafd vti Co v Kln , 45 2 3 0 3 6 5h r 9 8 $A) ns r fi a i s 1 ic mpee t or ieafc is ep e ldigs mmayj g n . Lo c HalMusc I . . n o tn t as a t su r cu n u r ud me t' d e l i.nc v l; W a W rnce Cl I .831F. 77,80- (t Ci.1 7)(onsd i onl t e co a lr ub.nc, 2d 81 5h r 98 c ierng y hos sae nt i veiids npladi t trfe tdpes lknowl l seas Be n r tv. ttme s n rfe wor e ng ha elce rona edge ; e lo r ha d Rihads Mer lel .892F. 440, n. (t Ci.1990 ( i pl ntf' i er tr c r on- rel nc, 2d 443 3 5h r ) notng ai ifs ntrogao y a s r r g r i e p r t si n we ep an yno s fiint v d n 'frs n we s e adng x e te tmo y r lil t u fce e i e c o ummayj d me t. e r u g n) Howe ,t c tdoesc i rt ve i d c ver he our onsde he rfe ompl i a gre nc a o ant nd i va es s pposngt moton i he i frs mma yj d me t S eW il ms 9 2 F.da 8 3( oigaveiidc mplitçst o u r u g n. e li , 5 2 t 2 n t a n rfe o an ç he i 2De e nt c l f nda s halenget a he iiyofoneoft i aewine s 'sae e t a fl a afda t he ut ntct he nm t t s es ttm n s nd ied n fi vi fom t pu poredauhor Thei ae' sae en fld byPli ifwa c it w iht ge r aleg insi r he r t t . nm t s ttm t ie antf s onssent t he neal l ato n t c pli .Thesaementfld by deenda sw a 9om t s m ei aebutdicai i boht co enta he om ant tt ie f nt s he a nm t s l m ng t he nt nd sgnatr i t sae entfl byPl ntf.Howeve ,heco tdoesnotnee t r ol t dipuea tt i tze n he ttm ied ai if rt ur d o es ve he s t bou he auhe i t oft saem e bec e ii no ad isbl evi nc t ntciy he tt nt aus t s t m s i e de e. 5 e uvae to a o p sn afd vtfrsl r u g n pu s s wh nt ealg to s q i ln f n p o ig fi a i o l mmayj d me t po e , e h l ain e c nan dt ri aeb s do pes na l o e g ' . o tie heen r a e n ro lc wld e' n ) B. Dee d n saee tte t q lie i nt a ds mmayj d me tb c u ete ei n fn a t r n ild o uai d mmu iy n u r u g n e a s h r s o ge nedipu e o m a e i f c a t whehe De e nt e bie de i r t i fe e t a nui s t f t ral a t s o t r f nda s xhi t d lbe a e ndif r nce o s t nta r s ofha m . The Ei h A m e e pr des i r l va tpa t t tç rz la ubs a i l i k r ght ndm nt ovi , n e e n r , ha ç te nd c u u ua p n s me t (h l n t e ifit d' U.. n t a n . 1.Th S p e Co r h s n s l u ih n s s al o b ) n lce . S Co s. me d V1I e u rme u t a ' c t u d t s c a e t r uie pr s of i i st C ovi hum a c tons ofc i m e . ons r e hi l us o eq r i on f c al o t pr de ne ondii onfne nt' ' Fa rv.Br r n,511U. 825,832( 994) Thus t ionofi asmus e ur t ti t nne ema S. 1 . ,l s fcil t ns e ha nmaes pr r ce ve a qua e f e i de t ood,cl hi s t r a m edi alc r ,a m us ça r a ona e m e tr t ot ng, hele , nd c a e nd t t ke e s bl asles o g rntet s ft oft i t .' J-( i Huds v. l r 468U. 51 5 uaa e he aey he nmaes'' #.quotng on Pame, S. 7, 2627 ( 9 4 ) Bu t eSu rmeCo r h sn tdt a th Co si to d e n t n aec mfra l 1 8 ). t h p e u t a o e h ti e n tt in o s o ma d t o o tbe t u p io s' Rh d sv. a ma 45 U. 3 7 3 ( 9 1 .Tos c e do a Ei hhAme d n rs n . o ç Ch p n, 2 S. 3 , 49 1 8 ) ' u ce n n g t n me t c am t taprs rwasnotpr vi d htm a c ii nsofc l i ha ione o de l ne ond to onfne ment t prs rmus , he ione t p o e: 1 t a ted p iaino E)ba i h ma n e wa o j ci l s fi in l s ro s a d r v $ ) h t h e rv to f a sc u n e d s be t y u fce ty eiu , n ( ve ( )t t u jci l t o fcasa te l t as fiin l c l bl saeo mi . DeLo t v. 2 ha s be t y he fiil cgd wih u fce ty upa e tt f nd' ' na ve ' An eo e 3 0F.d 6 0 6 4(t Ci. 0 3 (n en lq oain mak a d e h sso te ) g ln , 3 3 3 , 3 4 h r 2 0 ) itr a u tto s r s n mp a i mitd ( i Stiklrv. atr ,989F. 1 1 ( hCi.1 );s eFame,511U. a 834 quotng rc e W e s 2d 375, 379 4t r 993) e r r S. t (xpli ngt t t vi aet Ei h Ame nt % prs ofca' a toromisonmus e ani ha,o olt he ght ndme ,1 ion fiils c a si t rs ti t de a ofShemi malcviiedme s eoflf sne sii ''(uoi lhode ,452 e ul n he nil t ni i lz a ur ie' cestes' q tng k s U. a 347). S. t ) 6 Theve ii d co aita g i va e do notil taea de e ntsdei r t rfe mpl n nd re nc s lusr t ny f nda ' lbe a e i f e e e. The c a m s lm ied by t c pl i a e t tPl i ifha t n tea e s s i ly, ndif r nc li i t he om a nt r ha a ntf s ç bee r t d aditca l c u ly a du j tfa y' e a e r el , n nusiibl'b c us : lha m e c ne ol ca a ps hol c di or r . l ve bee pl e ve di al ur ogi l nd yc ogi al s de s ' n ac d i a c l w/n nlnngwae,n b d, u tac n r t sa t ly o f r1 n el o n i tr o e j s o c ee lb o a n o 6 h u sad yl ( o tsa atme 1h v sv r b c a dhppan a wela o r a , mq nh t i . a e e e e a k n i i s l s ) as pa a e s de fom t swr ulteam e . e r t d houl r r hi ongf r t nt Not ng i t s tlees nt nc sa es e De e nt 'd i r t i fer nc Furhe mor hi n he e ir e e e ddr s s f nda s elbe ae ndif e e. t r e, Pli ifdi no dic sa hi pai ors de pr em i a gre antf d t s us ny p n houl r obl n ivanc r viwe by Ca . ee e d pt Cor n bef et saci n c bi or hi to omm e ed.3 Ther or doe no de onsr t a defnda ' nc ec d s t m tae ny e nts dei rt i feenc Se Cl ni r 555F.d a 336( i ars et amotonfr lbeae ndifr e. e oa nge, 3 t notng e pons o i o s mma yj d me td e n tsl t a n o c re tac mpan c le g db t mo inf r u r u g n o s o ewe o me d r o rc o lit haln e y he to o s umma yj r udgme ) nt. Ther c d alo doe no e nc t tPl ntf wase e or s s t vi e ha ai if xpos d t as t nta rs ofhn m . e o ubsa il ik r Alhough wa e i aba i lf ne s iy,Pli ifdoe notal get the d sno ha a ce st t tr s sc ie ce st a ntf s le ha oe t ve c s o w a e ;r t r he com pl ns t the doesnotha r ng w a e i t c la ia e t hi a a1 t r a he , ai ha ve unni t r n he el va l bl o m t l tme .4 Pl ntf al ge i t ve ii d co pl ntt tdoesnothaveam ate sf rsxt e hozs i s ai if le s n he rfe m ai ha tr s o i e n tr aday,butheac knowl st m a te si r m o d onl be we n 7: am . 1100 p. . edge he tr s s e ve y t e 00 . and : m sc ed. e g. Pl i if f l t e t bls t ta ç m f ra e'da be i aba i human ne s Se . e. , a ntf ais o s a ih ha s co o tbl' y d s Rh d s 4 2U. a 3 9 (g- eCo t ui nd e n tma aec mf ra l p io .) o e , 5 S. t 4 ç -j tl h nsi to o s o nd t o o tbe rs ns' ; t ' 3Not t Pli ifdoe notalget tmedia te t ti notavalbl t hi . e hat antf s le ha c l r amen s ia e o m 4N e t l s helt algest thehadac s t abah oom wheehebahe w ih wae eve yda a verhe es , aer le ha ce s o tr r t s t tr r y nd s howe s Pli ifa know ldgest the i al e ou ofhi c lt iepe wee f t rym i t éndm a c e r . antf c e ha s low d t s el w c r k or hit nues y hoos t s ndt ttmet s o pe ha i o hower f rr cr to ort us t lw lbr r , o e eain, o e he a i ay. 5Thus Pl ntf' alegai i dism ia t Put y v.Li n, o.1 688 2016U. App. ne ki N 4- 2, S. LEX I 1 S 2951 , , ai if s l ton s s i l r o 2 1 WL 3 5 7 3( hCi. 01 )(n bih d.I ta c s,h imaewa d p ie o amates b t o 06 7 5 8 4t r 2 6 u pu l e ) n h t a e te n t s e rv d f t s, u n t s r blnket a pil ,al da a ni tf f m ont ahe bei e r td ofdicplnar c r s M o e r a s nd lows l y nd gh or our hs r ng xone ae s i i y ha ge . r ove , t de e nt i t tca ewer awa et tas ce s u g iva ea lr quiedt m t gi t i aeam ates he f nda s n ha s e r ha uc s f l re nc ppea e r he o ve he nm t tr s ahe hewase r xonert aed. 7 An es nv W ad no Bek Cny. io , 0 F. p' 8 2 8 4 (1 Ci. 01 )(W e d ro . r e f r s t Prs n 6 2 Ap x 9 , 9 3. r 2 5 ç d û lk wiea r ewihteDititCo r ta And ro wa n t u j ce t cu l n u u u l ie s ge t h src u th t es n s o s be td o r e a d n s a p n s me t e hi mate swa rmo e d rngt ed y tn rtr e a nih)' ; e as u ih n wh n s trs s e v d u i h a a d eu n d t g t.) s e lo ' Coa s v.Fa m e , o. 1 c 1 t r r N 4: 2- v- 973- P, 3 U . D it LEX I 1 TM 201 S. s . S 87252,a *6- 201 W L t 9, 4 1 2700,a * ( D. a. .22,201 ;Ga wa v. r Cnt Prs No.09- ,2011 61 t 3 N. Al Apr 4) nna v Beks y. ion, 4501 U.. s. S Dit LEXI 3 0 7 a *1 - 0 2 1W L 1 9 9 5 a * ( D. . a. , 01 ) W i vv. S 5 4 , t 8 2 , 01 1 6 0 , t 6 E. Pa M r 31 2 1; l e Gl r 2008U. Dit LEXI 8 85,*58- , ove, S. s. S 71 61 2008W L 4629924,*18( . Al.Se t 3, M D. a p. 2008)( ake,M ..,a ed,2009U. Dit LEXI 2009W L 6 7 ( . Al.J n. W l r J) dopt S. s. S, 765 M D. a a 9, 2 0 ) Fin yv. to 41 F. u p. , 7 - ( D. k 1 7 ) Plitf h samate s 0 9 ; n e Hut , 0 S p 251 2 7 78 E. Ar . 9 6 . an if a trs e g hour e c ni f s ee ng, nd he f ist e a n how he i ç or d' t 1e o c r t i ht s a h ght or l pi a a l o xpl i s G ce ' o i n onc e e f durng t da i he y. M o e r D e e nt 't tm o e a e unc r r e a t unc r ve t f t do r ove , f nda s es i ni s r ont ove t d, nd he ont o red ac s notil ta edelber t i f e e et as t nta rs ofha m .Se Cus e v.Pa Am .Lie lusr t i ae ndif r nc o ubsa il ik r e tr n f I . ,1 F.d41 41 (t Ci. 9 3 (e o nzn ap ry' f i r t rs o dt asl r ns Co. 2 3 0, 6 4 h r 1 9 ) rc g iig a t s al e o e p n o l u mmay j d me t to la e f csu c n rvetda dt a ac u t c e t a t et eu c nr v re u g n mo in e v s a t n o to re n h t o r a c ps s nz h n o to e td fdst rs v t mo inf rs mmayj d me t.Th u c nr vetdfcsr fe tta a o eole he to o u r u g n) e n o to re a t e lc h t Pli ifwa c antf s omm it d t t J lon Nove r9,201 a c a sfe asç a m um cusod ' te o he ai mbe 4, nd l s i d t xi m t y' be aus oft naur ofhi c r ,i l ngfrtde e mlr r pa thit r ofvi e ; c e he t e s ha ges ncudi is gr e zde ; s so y olnce m a m um - us ody c a s fc ton durng hi pr vi i z e a i hi vi e t r a sdurng xi c t l s ii a i i s e ous nca c r ton; s ol nt h e t i booki on N ove be 9, 201 and a Cl s f c ton A s e s e s r of22 poi s6 D e e nt ng m r 4; as ii a i s s m nt co e nt . f nda s 6(M a m um cusody'a t J i doesnotequaet dici i r s gr ton. TheJ lde i sm a m um s xi t ' t he al t o s plnay e egai ai fne xi c t as usody : ( asfcto Sc r 2l o g etr.An i t rq ii s ca c soda s p r iin Clsiiain o e r rae) nmae e urng pe il u t il u evso be us of a hi pr ca e gh obabiiy of atmptd e c a or vi e or oher da r lt te e s ape nd/ olnt t nge ous 8 be ivet tPl i ifsbe vi splc t s f t ofsa fand o he i t sa rs The e le ha antf ' ha or a e he a ey t f t r nma e t ik. s be vi si l m a ng s nksa we po ,hr t ni t e c pe,a t eae ng a ha or nc ude ki hn nd a ns t ea e ng o s a nd hr t ni nd a tmpi gt kl o ij r hms l,n tsj i saf a dp lc .Plitf rp ae l h sb e te tn o il r n u e i ef imae ,al tf, n o ie an if e e tdy a e n as i sgnedt dic plna y s gr ga i duet br a ng i tt i na nzespr bii s o s i i r e e ton o e ki nsiuto l l ohi tng uch be vi r .7 ha o s Theuncon r re f c sa s r fe tt tt co to ofdici i r s gr ga i a e tove td a t lo e l c ha he ndii ns s plna y e e ton r s tby J i polc a ha be a ove by t Vigi a De rt e ofCoreci .J i polc e a l i y nd ve en ppr d he r ni pa m nt r tons a l i y pe t t e i t ss ve y-i m i esofl iur tme o oft c l e r day t or nnis hes nma e e nt fve nut es e i ut he el ve y t f s we g) e r ai n , h ge gqec' I mae i s g e ainha ea c s t t me ia ho r,r ce to g) y ine, t. n t s n e r g to v c e s o he dc l ' de rme ,i udi m e a he t saf,a a i sr tver medis l t si s gr a i pa t nt ncl ng nt l alh t f nd dm nita i e e . nma e n e eg ton r ceve cot ng,lne ,abl nke ,ahygine ki,a awrtngki.Ata1 tmes t s i aesa e e i l hi i ns a t e t nd ii t l i ,he e nm t r pe te one s tc rr i ousbook,a ba ofJ i-s ue s p, r loft l tpa r o nnit d of - ove elgi r a l i s d oa one ol oie pe , ne wa h c 0 h,oneJ i-sue c and lgalma e i l The ei aesha a e st asnk a s 1t a lis d up, e t ra . s nm t ve cc s o i nd t ie a a ltm e . A lhough m atr s e ,a l a e pe s na pr r y,a lne a e r m oved o lt t 1 i s t te s s low bl r o l ope t nd i ns r e f om s r ga i c l durng t da t s ie s a e r t ne t i a esi t e ni r eg e ton els i he y, he e t m r e ur d o nm t n he ve ng. Theunc r red f c sf rhe r fe tt tt J i' me c la me a he lh sa fhas ontove t a t a t r e l c ha he a ls di a nd nt l at t f e m i d Pl ntf rpe t dl None hees ,a no tm edi aphysca oro he m e ca xa ne ai if e a e y. t l s t i d i in t r di l be vi t t pr s nt a s ro tr t ofbodiy ha m t saf ot r i t or ohe ha or ha e e s e ius h ea l r o tf, he nmaes t r pes . Exa pls ofs h be vi s w oul be s h i de s a a t ki /asauli rons m e uc ha or d uc nci nt s tac ng s tng sme newihteitn t c u esro sij r o d ah;ahso yo e c p h ligte o o t h ne t o a s eiu nuy r e t itr f sa e wovn h u e o fre o s me n whoh sbe n c n tne a pa nn t ec p .()M a i m s f oc; r o o e a e o fn d s ln ig o sa e 1 xmu Cutd iNOTp ntv .n tsasg e t Mai m Cutd aeafre b sclyte so y s u i e Imae sind o xmu so y r fod d aial h i smep ii g sa oh rimae (.. cn en;e rain; il to , t.. . a rvl e s te n ts i TV; a te rce to vst in ec) . . e e a I conr s,t pur eofdicplnar s egain i t dee f i enegai be o a t s pa aea n ta t he pos s i i y egr to s o tr uur tve havir nd o e r t n imaefo oh rimae c mpeeya dfo safa muc a p sil t a odij r a moeia to s n t r m te n ts o ltl n rm tf s h s o sbe o v i nu y nd r n cin . 1D e piehi al tont t c rr , t r co d e tbls st tPl ntf hasnotbee hous d i s t s legai o he onta y he e r sa ihe ha ai if n e n dici i r s gr gaton t e ietmehehasbe att J i;hewasi dici i r s gr gai f a oxi ael s plna y e e i he ntr i en he al n s plnay e e ton or ppr m t y l1 da i 201 a 1 daysi 2016. 4 ys n 5 nd 86 n 9 pr e sona c of s i l ommunia et Def nda st tPl ntf ne ded ama tes i hi c l d i t c t o e nt ha ai if e tr s n s el urng he da f m e ca r s nsort tPl ntf ne de t ber m ove fom d s i i r s gr a i o y or di l ea o ha ai if e d o e d' r i cplna y e eg ton r ha a r srci n lfe f m e a he lh r as .Supe i e ntW hily di no ha a ve ny e ti to itd or ntl at e ons rnt nde te d t ve ny pe s li veme wih Pl ntf ' pl c m e i dicplna y s gr ton,nordi heha r ona nvol nt t ai ifs a e nt n s i i r e egai d ve c e por ous know l dge ofPl ntf sco pl nt a ont m ane e ai i f m ai s bouthi c tons ofc i m e i s ondii onfne nt n s gr ga i Supe i e ntW hil y c nnotbehel la et rat r ofr s nde tspe i . e e ton. rnt nde te n d i bl mde heo y e po a t ror Se M onelv. p'ofSoc.Se vs, U. 658,663n. ( ) e l De t r .436 S. 7 1978 . Eve a t viwi t r or i udi t unc r re f t,i alg mos n fer e ng he ec d, ncl ng he ontove td ac s n i ht t fvoa l t Plitf, og n n d s u eo maeil a te it i d mo taead fn a ts a r be o an if n e uie ip t f tra fc x ss o e nsrt ee d n ' delbe a e i f e e e t a s t nta r s ofhar . A c r ngl D e e n s a e e il d t i r t ndif r nc o ubs a i l ik m co di y, f nda t r ntte o q aiidi nt a ds mmayj d me t u l e mmu iy n u r u g n. f 11 1. Fo tef rg i r a o s t ec u t rn sDee a t' to f rs mmayj g n . r h ,o e ong e s n ,h o r g a t fhd ns moi n o u r ud me t E NTER : Thi s / / dyo A f,2017. / a f pi l . 1 *C2 ' 1 ! M ( ' . . . Unie SttsDititJ id ae src udge 10 ,2. * . . .
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