Muhammad v. Phipps, et al, No. 7:2013cv00389 - Document 16 (W.D. Va. 2013)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 09/18/2013. (kab)

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B SFFi U.S. SX C CE ATRC,1hOVEDI 'OURM )J . i ,6. !' , V ; ''k A : ' c I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FO R TH E W ESTERN DI STRI T O F V I G I I C R N A RO ANOKE DI SI VI ON ABDUL HAM ZA W ALIM UH AM M AD, SEP 13 -1 '3 S t J A C.Dk ULI t UL ' 'ERK , . BY; DEPU LERK # CASE NO.7: 13CV00389 Pl ntf, ai if M EM O M N D UM O PI IO N N VI PHI c K , CKI PPS, By:Gln E. nr d e Co a C hi fU nie St t s Di t c Judge e t d a e s ri t Dee da t) f n nts. AbdulHa z W al M uha a a Vigi a i t pr e di pr K ,hms fld a t m a i mm d, r ni nma e oc e ng o ie wo- paagrph,verfe cvi rght c antt r 42 U. C.j 1 alegi t tt ee prs r a iid i l i s ompli mde S. 983, l ng ha hr ion medial pe s nne have de i c ro l prved hi of a uae m e ca te t e f e pr e s m deq t di l ' am nt or ye oblm . r M uhn a has snc s itd hi own afi vi a a s re ofuns n d o i ' sa i mm d i e ubm te s fda t nd e i s wor ç tons' ttng m a to al ga i a ut hi m e ca cai s He a s move t a cai s a i t ne ddii nal le tons bo s di l l m . lo s o dd l m gans w de e nt f f ii t pr e thi fom a i a eas a ta s e i t roc o y r le . Afe f nda s or alng o ot c m r n nm t s ul nd e ks n e l ut r e if tr r vi w of t s s isons t c tconcudes t t t e ie a ton mus be sl ma iy e e he e ubm s i , he our l ha he ntr c i t lm rl dimi s d f f l et sa eacli a t tM uhn a spe ngm oto m us bede e s s e or aiur o t t am nd ha mm d' ndi i ns t nid. Backeround Li r ly c t ung M uha a s s iso r ga di hi m e c l c r t c t be a l onsr i mm d' ubm s i ns e r ng s di a a e, he our unde sandshi t be a lgi t f l ng e nt . A f low i e a Re Oni Co r ci l rt m o le ng he olowi ve s e l nmat t d on r e tona Ce e punc d M uhn a i t he d i J nua y 201 nt r he mm d n he a n a r 3. Si t n, M uha a has nce he mm d e ince vii n c nges He was e xpere d so ha . xnmi by a eye s c ait a G CV/ ned n pe i ls t G M VCU' who ' m e i ne t ts gi a i er nto m i ie nt ly' be ne s ar He a s sa e t tsnc nto d ha ur c l nt ve i n ght ûve ual ' ce s y. lo t t s ha i e Fe a y 201 he ha s en t opt m e r s fve or s x tm es a r ce ve eye dr . H e bnz r 3, s e he o ti t i i i nd e i s ops unde we an M lle r nt t xnm on M a c 1 201 t exmni t f toni oft optcne v but r h 8, 3, o ne he unci ng he i r e, t r uls oft t twe e nor a . The o ome rs a s r e r d hi f rt tng t nze o a he es t he es r m l pt tit lo ef re m o esi o l ut ce t n eye diea e but t physcan who lt r e m i d M uhnmmad s i he di not ha rai s s, he ii ae xa ne ad d ve s ympt s of t t e die e,s di not or r t si om ha ye s as o d de e tng. W he M uhammad c n ompli d of ane m i ane he c ,a e y,a ot rm e alhe t is ,t docor pr s rbe m e cai n p i ada hes nxit nd he nt alh s ues he t s e c i d di to f t s pr em s or he e obl . Ac or ng t M uhn a be or t J nua y at c heonl nee r adi gls es but c di o mm d, f e he a r ta k, y ded e ng a s , i Jme 201 hi lf eyevii wa 20 50 and hi rgh e vii n wa 20/ I Augus 201 n t 3, s e t son s / s i t ye so s 30. n t 3, m e c saf no e t tM uha ma sl te a a ed s ln a t ld wasdr ng. He dial t f t d ha m d' ef ye ppe r wole nd he i oopi sa e t ts ei eshe e re s doubl vii n a t mpor r blndnes . The docor ha tt s ha om tm xpe ince e so nd e ay i s t s ve t d hi t tt do notknow wha i c usng hi e pr e s snc t J ua y as a t A ol m ha hey ts a i s ye oblm i e he an r s ul. ntr e e r usy t d M thn a t the ha be n a ove f f l up wih t M CV e ls roneo l ol l mm d ha d e ppr d or olow t he ye s cils. He l tr l rn d,ho ve ,t tt Re Oni m e ca sa f i ende i t ad t pe a it ae en e we r ha he d on di l t f nt d nse o c i m o t i hi c ton f t ny s n c nges' ontnue niorng s ondii or t udde ha a . ' Bas d on t s al ga i , M uhn ma asers t t he i E fniel no r c i ng e he e le tons m d s t ha s t i t y t e e vi de a dequae m e ca ca e. He s t prs nlr i ad i sr t ,a doc or a a opt ers, t di l r ' ' ues he ion zsng m nitaor t , nd n om tit s e n mo eay d ma e a d ij n tv rle o d rn atee d vie c n ee c 'wih 1 e kig n tr a g s n n u cie eif r eig t lme d o o frn e' t & t a t r pa t ol t molgits cait'( No.1 a 1.,posi eszgey,a a pemane hid ry plhol o s pe ils' ECF 3, t ) sbl tr r nd r nt tans e . r fr D i c s on s us i Thec ti r r t dim isa aci n o ca m fld by aprs ne a ns a our s equied o s s ny to r li ie io r gai t gove nm e a e iy o of e i t c tde e ne t a ton o c ai i fi ous m alci , r nt l ntt r fc r f he our t nni s he c i r l m s r vol , i ous orf l t saeacai onwhih rle maybegrnt 28U. C.j1 A( ( ) To sat a ais o tt l m c eif ' ed. a S. 915 b)1. t e cam i a y fd r l ii a to ,h p an ifsc mpan mu tp e e ttta tzlalg to s li n n e ea cv l ci n t e litf o lit s rs n t l c t le ain g a 2 (pe i e ug t riearg t orle a o tes e uaielv l'oo et t st a sb e s ct no h o as ih t eif b ve h p c ltv e e, t n ha i t u il kj ' pl on isf c 'r t t n m e e y t onceva e. BelAt. p. Twombl 550U . 544,570 t a e, aher ha ' rl û c i bl ' l l Cor v. ' y, S. ( 2007) Tosaeac us ofa tont j1 apli ifmus esabls t theha bee . tt a e ci mder 983, antf t t ih ha s n de i d ofrght gua a ee by t Co tt i orlwsoft Unie St t sa ar ul of prve i s r nt d he nsiuton a he t d a e s es t s c fcco uc co mit by ape s a tng unde c orofsa el W es v. ki , pe ii nd t m ted r on c i r ol t t aw. t At ns 487 U. 4 ( 98 ) S. 2 1 8 . Pladi pr par d by a p o s pli ifmus be he d ço l s srnge sa r t n e ngs e e r e a ntf t l t es ti nt t nda ds ha t f r l la i sd a tdb lwy r. Han sv. r e , 0 U. 51 , 2 ( 9 2 .Co rsmus o ma pe dng r fe y a e s' ie Ken r 4 4 S. 9 5 0 1 7 ) u t t ' lbe al c tu s h pl a ngs t pr ve po e ily me ioro cai sfom beng de e t d i r ly onsr e uc e di o e nt t nta l rt i us l m r i fae on m e ey t c ca de i inces a m a a l t pl i ift a e a cai t t ma wih r l e hni l fce i nd y low he antf o m nd l m ha y, t a tonalde l nt ha s tnc Erc onv.Padus 551U. 89,94( ddii veopme , ve ubsa e. iks r , S. 2007) Gor v. ; don Le ke 574F. 11 11 ( hCi.1 ) e , 2d 47, 51 4t r 978 . Mu mma ' t - rg a h iiils b s in lh u h i a p as o a j 1 8 f r hn d s wo paa rp nta u miso ,at o g t p e r n 9 3 om sg d u d rp nat o p rl y i n tap o rcvlc mpan ,a i fist pr vd s fiin ine n e e ly f ejz , s o r pe ii o lit s t al o o ie u fce t r f c ua m a t r t sa e a cl i aga ns anyone. l does no i ntf a pa tc a ac i or a t l te o t t am i t t t de i y ny r i ul r ton omison by a oft nn e de e si ny he m d f ndan si vi a i ofpl i ifsconsiuto lrght . W hie t n olton antf tt i na i s l M uhn m a s s eq nts i s ons abo hi m edi alc e f e h outt s i or a i t s e m d' ubs ue ubm s i ut s c m' l s hi nf m ton o om de e t s s a tr d pr s ntton oft pl i ifs cai does not c gr e, hi c te e e e ai he antf l ms ompl w ih t Fe r y t he de al Rul ofCi lPr e e.The r l sdo no r quiet de e nt ,ort c t t sf t oug 7 es vi oc dur ue t e r he f nda s he our, o it hr h s pa a e G otons'a a s k of i t g i nce f m s i or rt f s on t s t e of e r t t i ' nd oc m nma e reva or n de o a hi he ubsmw M uhn a s cai f hi . M or ove ,bec us t s lt rs mm d' l ms or m e r a e he e a e ubmisonsa e notsgned t r si r i mde pe t ofpejly,hehasnotveiidt ealegai a bengtue naly rtr rfe hes l tons s i r . Be a e M uhn a i pr x ,t c twilnotdim ishi c ebm ed on t et c c c us mm d s o he our l s s s as s hes e bnial de i e e .1 Rat r t c t wil s fcincis he , he our l umm a iy dim is t a ton be us e n lbe a l rl s s he c i ca e ve i r ly c t e hi al to ands si dono pr e f t s onsnzd, s legains ubmisons t esnt acs uppori a a tonabl j 1 tng ny ci e 983 cai a i tt def nda s nn ed i t c l m ga ns he e nt m n he ompl i . The r quie e oflbe alc tuc i ant e r m nt i r onsr ton doe no mea t tt c tc n i nor aclarf iur i t pl di t pr s ntt f tzlba i s t n ha he our a g e e al e n he ea ngs o e e he ac t a ss f racam.W elrv. p rme to So il e v .9 F.d38 3 ( t Ci. 9 0 . o li le De a t n f ca S r s, 01 2 7, 91 4h r 1 9 ) A prs n ofk ilsdelbe ae i fer nc t a i ae' s ro me c lne vi a e i o t a ' i r t ndif e e o n nm t s e i us di a eds olt s t eEihhAme d n . S eEsel v Gn l, 2 U. 9 ,1 2 (9 6 .To saeacam ta a h gt n me t e tl . mb e 4 9 S. 7 0 1 7 ) e tt li h t prs n doct vi a e hi c tt i na rght ,M uhn a mus sae f c s s io or olt d s onsiuto l i s mm d t t t a t howi t t t ng ha he docorkne ofa s rousm e ca c ton t tpos a e e sve rs t M tl t w ei di l ondii ha ed n xc s i ik o lmmm a sheat d' lh a rs nd epondedt ea ona y t t tc ton. J on v.Oui ne ,1 F.d 1 1 69 ( h mr s bl o ha ondii ohns no s 45 3 64, 68- 4t Ci.1 9 ) Thed co ' Gn d e tn fiu et p o iea e u t me ia c r 'd e no s tsy r 9 8. o trs t a v re t alr o r vd d q ae dc l ae' o s t aif i t sn r a t me ene i nc i de e mi ng t a o it di nossorte t e i he t nda d, nd hus r glge e n tr ni he ppr pra e ag i x am nt s i ufk intt sae a c tt i lc am . Esele,429 U . a 1 1 Rus el v.Shefe ,5 ns t e o t t onsiutona l i tl S. t 05- 06; s l f r 28 F.d 31 ,31 (t Ci.9 ) Lie s ,Mu a d smee ds g e me twi t e d co ' 2 8 9 4 h r1 75 . k wie h mma ' r ia re n t h o t rs h te t ntde i i doesno i i t t Ei t Ame e . W rc v.Coli ,766 F. 841 r a me c sons t mplcae he gh h ndm nt i ht lns 2d , 8 ( h Ci.1985 . Ot rprs ofki sma rghtul rl on t opi on oft teai 49 4t r ) he ion t al y i f ly ey he ni he r tng physca ast t pr co s ofte t nt Mite v.Be n,896 F. 8 8 (t Ci. iin o he oper ure rame . lir or 2d 48, 54 4h r 1 9) 9 0. M uha mad' a lga i do no s m s le tons t uppor a fnd ng t t t Re Oni media saf t i i ha he d on cl t f m e r ha i ed hi vii pr e s snce t a s ul. By hi o ac ount M uhammad mbe s ve gnor s son oblm i he s a t s wn c , ha bee e m i by a s c a i ton one oc s on,ha under s n xn ned pe i ls ca i s gone a M l lw ih no m a r uls n t t r l es t , 1 Theco tnots how e r t tt sci la ton i no t frtfder l ui M uhamm adhasfl Thus ur e , ve ,ha hi vi ci s t he is e alaws t ied. , heha ltl exc ef rt dior ry a pice alma ri whih heha s tedhi cai i t sa ton. s ite us o he s de l nd e me nne n c s ubmit s l ms n hi ci 4 a hass e t opt m e rs s ver ltm e . The docorhas obs r d no s nd e n he o tit e a i s t e ve ympt oms of a e ny ye di e s t t m i be c usng hi vii toubl . Ac di t M u m ma t e m e c l s a e ha ght a i s son r e cor ng o ha d, hes di a pe s lha de e m i d t tt c eofM uhn ma s s r onne ve t r ne ha he aus m d' ympt si pr s nty I om s e e l mkno a wn nd t tt a o it c s ofte t nta t stm e i t moniorhi co ton f a s n ha he ppr pra e our e r a me t hi i s o t s ndii or ny udde c hange . s Thes aci ns do not s e to uppor a fndi t t t dodor or op ometit has a t i ng ha he t rs ded wih t d lb rt idfe e c un e Esel, n ti c u t n no s c n - u s t me ia j d me to eie ae n ifr n e d r tle a d h s o r c n t e o d g e s he dc lu g n f M uhn a ste tng docor t tno a tona t si i wa r nt d a t stme. M thn a s mm d' r a i t s ha ddii l e tng s ra e t hi i l mm d' i it nc t the s d be s n ba k t t e s c aiti nsse e ha houl e t c o he ye pe i ls mmedit l i not ng m o e t n a ey s hi r ha dia ee ntwih t de e nt 'pr c i d cour e ofte t t whi h does notgi rs t s gr me t he f nda s es rbe s r a men , c ve ie o a c tt i nal cl i . M or ve , t nur i ad i s r t M uhnm m ad has nnm e c d ny ons iuto am eo r he s ng m ni t a or d oul rghtuly r l o t doc o s pr es i i f l ey n he t r ' of sonal decsons t monior hi s ii o t s ympt s He e, om . nc M uha a s al tonsf i t de mm d' legai a l o monsr t a r s c i whi h t sde e nthasa t d wih tae ny e pe t n c hi f nda ce t de i r t i f e e e t hi ne . For t e r s ns t c t c l s t tM uhn m ad' lbe a e ndif r nc o s eds hes ea o , he our onc ude ha m s a lgatonsasawhol do notgi rs t a a i le i e ve ie o ny ctonabl cai a i tt m e ca de e nt he e l m gans he di l f nda s nn e i t c m d n he ompl i . The ef e t c t wil s ant r or , he our l umma iy dimi s t a ton wihout rl s s he c i t p eudc , u s a tt j1 5 b () Fo te smera o ,te c u td nispanifsmoin rj ie p ru n o 91 A() 1. r h a e s ns h o r e e litf to f s or ummar udgmen .( No.11. yj t ECF ) Ast orgi ac i mus be dimis d,t c tmus a s de M uhn a sm o i he i nal ton t s s e he our t lo ny mm d' ton M or over t s m oton i not wel t ke e , hi i s l a n. t a nd t a ne cams ( No. o me o dd w li . ECF M uhn a s e t s f l prs s urt ofk e s f f ii t i t r ne qui y e mm d e ks o ue otr ion ec iy t r or a lng o n e ve ckl nough a t r ano he i a e a t c fe t r nm t tn ked M uhn m a i t r c ea i n a ea on J m d n he e r to r anua y 5,201 A s t e r 3. hes 2 To t ext t tt moton t amend a a to algai c r ng M uhammad' medial he ent ha he i o dds ddiinal le tons onceni s c condii a c s ofme c cae,i wilbera ed,a t c thasconsder t ealga i i addr sng ton nd oure dial r t l nt nd he our i ed hes le tons n es i M uha d' medi lcli a i tt o i na de e t . mma s ca ams gans he rgi l f ndan s 5 ne cai sconc m dif e de e nt a dif r nte nt a ta a tons t n t c am s w lm e fer nt f nda s nd fe e ve s nd r ns c i ha he l i a lged i t i ta c le n he nii l ompl nt r ga di medialc r pr de afe t J nua y as a t t ai , e r ng c a e ovi d tr he a r s ul, he n w camsaeno p o el j ie t t i a to Se Fe . Ci. 1 & 2 (e a dn j n e e li r t r p ry on d o hs cin. e d R. v P. 8 0 rg r ig oid r ofcamsa pate ) li nd ris. Fi ly,t c tmus denyMuhn d' motonf i el ut yr i . ( No.13 . nal he our t mma s i or ntroc or elef ECF ) l t s moton,M uhn a s e a or dieci me c ofi il t a r nge f hi t be n hi i mm d e ks n der r tng di al fca s o ra or m o s e by Gat r pa t ol hal ogits cals tlmedvi o co ee e' Fort r s ns e n û hid ry pht lmol s pe i it ee de nfrnc .' he ea o ar a dic s d,M uhn ma has not s le dy s us e m d hown a lke i ny i lhood of s c s on t m e is of hi uc es he rt s medialcli o t the i lkey t s f rir par bl hn m i t a e e ofi e l ut r r le c am r ha s i l o ufe re a e r n he bs nc ntroc o y e if on t sm a tr Thus hehasno al ge f c st s tsy t f t- r sa r r quie t wara hi te . , t le d a t o aif he otrpa t t nda d e r d o r nt t i e l ut y r i he s ks Se Re Tr t A boutObnm a.l .v.FEC ,575 F. d 342,3 he nt roc or elef ee . e al u h nc 3 46- 4 ( t Ci. 0 ) va ae o ohe c omd b , 5 U. 1 8 ( 01 ) r isae i r lv n p r 7 4h r 20 9 , c td n t r r t s y 5 9 S. 0 9 2 0 ,en ttd n ee a l a t h 6 7 F.d 3 5 3 5 ( t Ci.2 0 ( u tn W itrv. t a Re o r e Dee s Comcl . 0 3 5 , 5 4h r 01 ) q o ig ne Naurl s u c s fn e t i. y l c,5 5U.. , 0 ( 0 )(idngp ei n r ijmcierle a p o it o l u o mo a ts n . 5 S 7 2 20 8 fn i r l a y nt tv eif p r prae n y p n v n ' mi ce rs o n ç 1 t th i l eyt s c e do teme is ( )h i l l t s fe irp rbl la h wig t ) ha e s i l o u c e n h rt; 2 e s i y o u fr re aa e ( k ke hn m i t a e eofprlmi r rle ;()t tt balnceofe te tpsi hi fvor a ( r n he bs nc ei nay eif 3 ha he a quiis i n s a ; nd 4) a ijmcini i t ep b i itrs ). n n l to s n h u lc n ee f Mt a d as s e sitro uo yijmcierle , a e o ane alg to t a t e l mma lo e k nel c tr nt tv eif b s d n w l ai n h t h h e de e n s i t i ta co pl ntand t m o i n t n e ha de ed li co t ntpl asf f nda t n he nii l m ai he to o m nd ve ni ls nsa e or pr eci c t ot tve usody. M uhn a al ge t t be a e he wan e t l a s e ton, he mm d le s ha c us t d o e ve egr ga i wihdr w hi e m y s t e s ne umm a y f ms a wa a sg d t t s m e pod as hi e m i . r or nd s s i ne o he a s ne es M uhn a saest the wilbe pl e i t tpod,onc hi pe ng ci la tonsa e r s ve mm d t t ha l ac d n ha e s ndi vi c i r e ol d i s ve a m ont . A n ofk e alege y t d M uha m a he had c nc t ga m e be s t n e rl hs t r l dl ol m d onvi ed he ng m r o 6 watt ç ete(h i)b e s'mtlte weeta f re t aS c rt Le e 5g n r lp p lto i o û tl t er e f't i h y r rnse rd o e u i v l e e a o uain s y f c lt The ec e nsM uhn a r i e a a iiy. s onc r mm d a s s boutt e t t hi s ey fom ot ri a e a e no hr a s o s af t r he nm t s r t r a e t t cli i t t ryi cvi a ton r ga di hi m e c lca e. The e or ,hi elt d o he a ms n he mde l ng i l c i e r ng s di a r rf e s moton f i t roc or r i ba e on t sne y pr e ed da rmus bede e Se Om e i or n e l ut y elef s d hi wl es nt nge t ni d. e ga W o l Tr v lv. A,11 F.d 1 1 ( t Ci.1 9 )(û p ei nay ijlcin ma ne e rd a e TW 1 3 4, 6 4h r 9 7 çA1 r l r nl to y v r ( mi n is et p e n a ij r o ha wh c no e e t emo i pa t c n e dswa c usd b t e su o rve t n nu y r nn ih t v n h vng ry o tn sa e yh wr ng cli d i t t l ng acin.) Fo t s me r as t c twilnotc tue o ame n he mderyi to '. r he a e on, he our l ' onsr M uhammad' c r e m oto ass eki t ame t sa ton. s u r nt i n e ng o nd hi c i C onc us on l i F rt e r ao sae ,te c u td s se Mu mma s c mp an wi o tp eu ie o h e s ns ttd h o r imis s hn d' o lit t u rj d c , h pu s n t j1 5 b ( ) f rfi r t saeacam. l M t n d b le e t a h ss cliy rua t o 91 A( )1, o al e o tt li f l mma eiv s h t i e t t u h r c er ha not bee pr pe l a es e a a t he has e use a 1 a ia e onc ns ve n o ry ddr s d, nd fer xha t d l va lbl a nita i r medis he ma wih t fl a ne ci l a ton nnmi a de enda s t e dmi sr tve e e, y s o ie w vi c i ng s f nt hos pe s r ponsbl f s c iy a r nge e s The c talo de e li m o i n t n e t r ons es i e or e urt ra m nt . our s nis ls to o m nd o b ig n w cams a ans n w d fn a t a d d n e hs moin f ri tro u o y ijmcie rn e li g i t e ee d ns n e is i to o ne lc tr n t tv r le . The Cl r i die t d t s nd c e oft s m e a ei f e k s r c e o e opi s hi mor ndum opi on a a compa ng ni nd c nyi or rt pl i if de o antf . EXTER:Ths t d yo s pe e, 01 . i Q a f e tmb r2 3 Chi Unie Stt Diti J ef t d aes srct udge 7

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