McClanahan v. Director of the Department of Corrections, No. 7:2013cv00244 - Document 19 (W.D. Va. 2013)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Jackson L. Kiser on 11/12/2013. (tvt)
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CLERK' OFFI EU. DI CQUr S C S. SI AT DANVI vA LLE, . .- I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FO R TH E W ESTERN D I STR I O F VI G I A CT R NI ROANOKE DI I ON V SI M I H A EL A .M C CLA N AH AN , C Pett oner, ii Nv1D,k ( '%1 Šz 0 w 3 o JULI DU FK BY. ' !=P . CL 7 ) Ci lA c i N o.7: : 00244 vi t on 13- v- ) ) ) ) ) DI RECTOR OF THE ) DEPARTM ENT OF CORRECTI ONS, ) Re ponde . s nt ) M EM O M ND U M O PI O N NI By: H on.Jackson L .K i ser Se or U ni e St t s D i t i tJudge ni td ae src M i ha A.M cclna n,aVig ni i t pr ee ngpr K ,fld apeii f awrtof c el a ha r i a nma e oc di o ie tton or i ha a c pus purua t 28U. C.j225 Repo e fldamoint dimis a be s or , s nt o S. 4. s nd nt ie to o s s, nd Pe ii rr ponded,ma ngt m a trrpe f diposton. Afe r vi wi t r or 1gr nt ttone es ki he te i or s ii tr e e ng he ec d, a Re po s ndentsmoton t dim isbe a ePe ii rpr ed al de a t d hi cli . ' i o s s c us ttone oc ur ly f ule s a ms 1. 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Pe ii rdi notappe l re r a a ri a , 5 . 7 3 5 . 2 0 1 7 )2 ttone d . t dim is lt t Supr m eCour ofVigni he s s a o he e t r i a. Pe ii r s e nty f l d a s ond s a e ha aspe ii w ih t C ic tCo t a ttone ubs que l ie ec t t be tton t he r ui ur , nd whiet tpeii waspe ng,Pe ii rfld at r sat ha a pe ii wih t Supr m e l ha tton ndi ttone ie hid t e be s tton t he e Cour ofVigi a.Uli t l t Cic tCour dim is d t s c sa ehabe pe ii a t r ni tma ey, he r ui t s s e he e ond tt as tton s pr edla1 de a t d,3and t Supr m eCour ofVigi a dim is d t t r sa eha s oc tr ly f ule he e t r ni s s e he hid tt bea pe ii n ass e svea as r f s d t a tto ucc s i nd lo e u e he ppea oft s c sa eha aspe ii .4 l he e ond tt be tton Pettone a gue fvem an cai si t i t f de a hab pe ii n: ii r r s i i l m n he nsant e r l eas tto 5 1 The i c me sf t Crmesa e voi . ndit nt or he i r d; 2. Th Co n at usdpej rdtsi n fo De uy S o tig ; e mmo we l e ru e etmo y r m p t h rrd e h 3 Peiin rwa d nidt erg t oaf i til ya i a t lu y; . tto e s e e h ih t ar ra b n mp ri j r a 4. Pe ii ' c ttoner s ouns w e e i f ec i a el r ne f tve; nd 5. The Cic tCour di no r plcea la ec r ui t d t e a ppe lt ouns . el6 Afe r vi wi t sa ec t ec d andt f r lpeii Itndt tPettone pr d a l tr e e ng he t t our r or he ede a tton, i ha ii r oce m ly de a t a1 hi c a m s f uled 1 s l i . I I. A1 ofPe ii rsc am swe e et rnotpr vi l pr s nt t t Supr 1 ttone ' l i r ihe e ousy e e ed o he eme Cour of t Vigi aorwe epr s n ed a dim is d aspr dur ly de a td unde Slvt orunde r ni r e e t nd s s e oce a l f ule r a on r 2Slyo p e ld saVignac u trm rve n an n- rsito a cam i ap tto frawrto h b a a tn rcu e rii o r fo e iwig o j idcin l li n eiin o u i f a es c puswhe t tcam coul havebe n pr e e a tilandon a lb wa not or n ha li d e es ntd t ra ppea ut s . 3 Spe ik al ,t Cic tCour dimis d a1butonecai ofi f tv a ssa eofc ms a bar d b Sl o ct ly he rui t s se 1 l m nefecie s itnc ot el s re y aytn v P ria , 5Va 2 , 0 S. 2d6 0(9 4, ndds se alcams icu n t o iefcieassa eo . arc n 21 . 7 3 5 E. 8 1 7 )a imis d 1 li ,n ldig he ne n fe tv sitnc f c u e cam, ss c esv , l s n t VignaCo ej8016 4( () o nsl li a u csie pz ua to rii d . - 5 B)2 . r 4 The Su e Cou tofVigi aalo de e apeiin f r he i i e chpr ee ng. pr me r r ni s nid tto or e arng n a oc di 5 lnoet a Pettone ca t h t ii r nnothi a new cai sf habe r i i ar po et amotont dim isa e ta nt t l m or as elef n es ns o i o s s nd xpec c u toma Peiine' c s frhm.S e eg, l 2()1 o t Rue Go enigj2 4Cae (e urnga1 o r t ke tto rs ae o i e . ..Rue c() fhe ls v r n 25 ss rq ii l b s sf rh be sr l f o b p e e td i t ep tto ) Un td S ae v. mke, 2 F. 9 5 9 6( t Ci.1 91 a e o a a e i t e r s n e n h eiin ; ie tt s Dt l 9 7 2d 5 , 5 7h r 9 ) e Ct g saen tl epg , u t gfrt flsbzidi bif.) l e r o i is h ni o nzfe l e n res' . ud k n r ' 6 Ir ogniet tPe iine plce cai 5i hi ls ofi fe i as itnceofc elcli s butlha m o e ouns am , ec z ha tto r a d l m n s it ne fctve ssa ve r a o it y casiid i asas part cli bec us healege ane r byt Cic tCo t Cond tt ti ppr prael l sfe t e ae am a e l s ror he rui ur. uc ha s e iel outofac elscontolc nnotbei e t t tc ms lunde t Sit Ame ntr y ouns ' r a mputd o ha ot e r he x h ndmen . t 2 Vign aCo ej80 - 4( ()a s c e sv . 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C. 2 5 4 )(e u rn e ha sin ; r ii d .165 B)2 s u c s ie? e 8 S. 9 2 4 b r q iig x u to ) Du c nv. r y, 3U. 3 4, 656 ( 9 5 ( r sn igasae1w cam t t esaec u th t n a Hel 51 S. 6 3 - 6 1 9 ) p e e tn tt a li o h tt o r ta r i smia t af rlcai doe note us t fde a cli ; ronv. res,459U. 4, s i lr o edea l m s xha t he e r l am) Ande s Hal s S. 6 7 (98 )(e urngapei o e t p e e tb t t s mea g n a df cu l u po tote - 1 2 r q ii tt n r o r sn oh he n rume t n a ta s p r t h i saeco tprort flngt cai wih afdealco t;s eas Y1tv. tt ur i o ii he l m t e r ur) e lo s Nunne ke ,501U. ma r S. 797,803( 991 ( tngha asc t s dl t oughs 1 ) noi be ours houl ook hr ummar afnna est t lls y fi nc o he çat r a o e d cso 't d tnnn wh t e asaep o e u a r l b r h b a rviw) Peiin r e s n d e iin'o ee ie eh r tt r c d r l ue as a e s e e . t o e t woul no l nge beper te t r tmzt t Supr m eCour ofVigni t pr s ntt d o r mitd o e t o he e t r i a o e e he u e a se cams Se Ba rv Co c rn, 2 F.d2 6, 8( t Ci. 0 0 (rai a n xh u td li . e ke . ro a 2 0 3 7 28 4h r 2 0 ) te tng n une use cli ast c ca l e use i t cai woul bepr e lal bare unde sa e xha t d a m e hni ly xha t d f he l m d oc dtr ly r d r tt lw i n w p e e tdi saec u t; CODEj8016 4 A)2 (a rn p tto stldb y n a f o rs n e n tt o r) VA. . - 5 ( () b rig eiin ie e o d t lmiain peid ;d j8. - 5 ( ( )( arngs c e sv p tto sbae o camsta he i tto s ro ) i. 016 4 B)2 b ri u c si e eiin s d n li h t coul ha be nr ie i aprorpeii ;s eas M a kalv. lne 1 1F.d442, ( h d ve e as d n i tton) e lo c l Angeo , 3 3 446 4t Ci.1 9 )(e o niigVigna sb ro s c siep tto sq ai e a a e uaea d r 9 7 rc g zn r ii' a n uc e sv eiin u lf s s d q t n i id p n e t; De1 Neheln ,9 F.d 1 4,1 43( t Ci. 9 6 (e o nii gVigii' n e e d n) O' 1v. t ra d 5 3 21 2 4h r 1 9 ) rc g zn r na s ha e ssaueofl tto q aiisa a e u t a di d p n e t. b a ttt i ains u lfe s d q ae n n e e d n ) mi Thec am st twe epr e e t t Su e Cour ofVigi avi t s co a t r l i ha r es nt d o he pr me t r ni a he e nd nd hid saeha aspe ii wer a le i ty dim is a pr e aly def ule unde e t rSl gon t t be ttons e l xplcil s s ed s oc dur l a t d r ihe a 7 1r cogni t pr s ntng acli f t frttmei ape ii f rdic ei r r e t asaea lt cotr i e ze hat e e i am or he is i n tton o s r tona y eviw o tt ppelae lt s is fkin t e h u t tt rme is Catlev P o ls 4 9U. 3 , 51( 9 9, e Gre v Di.Va De to n u t e to x a s sae e de. sil . e pe , 3 S. 46 3 1 8 ) se en . r. . p' f . Co No. :lc -0l , 01 U. DitLEXI 7 0 0 a * 5n., 01 WL 2 4 0 7 a * n. ( D. .uy1 m, 7l -v0 46 2 1 S. s. S 8 8 ,t l # 2 1 9 7 4 , t 6 # W. Va J l 9, 2 1 )( n a , .(p ligCatl a dfn igafdea h b a cam ta wa pe etdt teS p e Co r o 0 1 Co rd J) a pyn sil n idn e rl a e s li h t s rsne o h u rme u t f e Vigi af t frttmevi aha a a lt beune used) Furhe mo e Peiinercmnott e r ni or he is i a be s ppea o xha t . t r r , tto r o xhaus acai t lm by r sng i f t frttm ei apeiin f r heai t t Supr Cour ofV igi a.H e i v. ue 443F. aii t or he is i n tto or e rng o he eme t r ni drck Tr , 3d 3 2, 6 n1(t Ci. 0 ) Mo e v r Peio e c n o meeyrl o ç a u whs r'of fd rl li o 4 3 5 . 4h r2 06. ro e, tin r a n t rl ey n ç g e ipes' a e ea cam r t v as e thatt iotlt off t a l lap l e sa s red'i saeha spl di s fce l a ie t s r t he E aiy acs nd ega r m nt s e t 'n tt bea ea ngs ufiinty pprs d he t S pe Co r o Vignata h wa ma n ase ik cam.Malr v S t 2 F.d9 , 9 (t Ci. 9 4 . u rme u t f r ii h t e s kig p ct li lo v . mi 7 3 91 9 5 4h r 1 9 ) h, 3 o VignaCo ej8. - 4 B)2 , ih aea e u t a di e e d n saep o e u a n ls8 r r ii d 0165 ( () whc r d q ae n nd p n e t tt r c d r l ze . Se . ..Clg t v. c ln , 0 F.d3 0 3 9( t Ci. 0 0 ; s rv Ang ln ,1 3F.d e eg, a e t An eo e 2 9 3 7 , 7 4h r 2 0 ) Fihe . eo e 6 3 8 5 8 4( t Ci.1 9 ) Co s q e ty P tto e ha p o e u al d f utdbohhse h use 3 , 4 4h r 9 8 . n e u n l, eiin r s r c d r l ea l y e t i x a td a t xha t cli s nd me used am . Peiin rfist etbl hc us a prj d c o af d me tlmic ni g o j siet t o e al o sa i a e nd eu ie r un n n a s a a e f u tc o t s e c et ep o e u a d ful .Se Co e nv. o s n 5 U. 7 2, 5 ( 9 )( e ci n x us h r c d rl ea t e lma Th mp o , 01 S. 2 7 0 1 91 d s rbig s p o e l a d f ut; r n rn v. t, 6F.d 1 0 1 5 ( t Ci.1 9 )(e og iigac ur r c dz l ea l Ko n h e s Evat6 3 35 , 3 9 4h r 9 5 r c n zn o t r ) d e n t e dt c n i e t is o p eu iei tea s n eo c u e.A rve o t sae o s o n e o o sd r ht sue f rj d c n h b e c f a s ) e iw f he tt c u t e o d etbihe t a nofmd me ul s a a eo j sieo c re , n 1d cie o r r c r sa ls s h t t a n mic ni g f u tc c ur d a d e l n Peii ne ' i t tont r - vaua et c e biiy ofti lwine s o f de a ha asr viw. tto rs nviai o e e l t he r di lt ra t s es n e r l be e e Se s ..Mc e k yv. n , 9 U. 4 7 4 4( 9 )( oi af n a na mic n a eo e eg, cls e Za t 4 9 S. 6 , 9 1 91 n t ng ' d me tl s a i g f u j siee sswhe ac nsi to a voainp o a yha c us dt ec n ito o o ein c n u tc xit n o tt in l ilt r b bl s a e h o v cin f n n o e t u o o teci ) M a s al Lo b r e , 9U. 4 2 4 4( 9 3 (tt fd rlh b a r ve f h rme ; rh lv. n ec r 45 S. 2 , 3 1 8 ) sai e ea a e s e iw ng doe notr t mi t ce biiyofwinese ) s edeer ne he rdi lt t ss. 8 Thesaec u t' eemiain ta camswees c e sv u d rVigni Co ej8016 4 B)2 i a ih rn tt o rs d tr n to s h t li r u c sie n e r i a d . -5 ( () s n n ee t tndi t al oft f cso whi t peii wasbas weeeihe knownoravalbl t Peii randno i ng hat l he a t n ch he tton ed r t r ia e o ttone exer f t e se t e et fiur t pr e t s cai i t frtsaeha speii W a v. ura t nal acor xitd o xcus he al e o esnt he e l ms n he ls t t bea tton. ve M r y, 8 4F.d7 5, 66(t Ci. 98 ) seBnn sv T mp o , F.d9 ,9 4-5( hCi.1 9 )(e o nzn ta 8 2 6 7 4h r 1 9, e r e . ho s n 58 3 71 7 7 4t r 9 5 r c g iig h t . s h atndi i e ild t apr s uc i ng s ntte o e umpton ofc rcmes i r bute onl i t tndi i notf ry s i ore s s e td y f he i ng s ail upporedbyt t he rc r ) So ko v Mury, 1F.d9 0 9 425(t Ci.1 9 )CEv ni( tt ne)h dn t ct l rie o e o d ; tc tn . ra 4 3 2 , 2 - 4h r 9 4 ç e f Peii r a o a tal asd r o zy k o o t l camspe iusy h si cnn tetbl hc u et e u ehsd futih s o l h v k o o n wn fhe) li rvo l, e tl a o sa i a s o xc s i ea l f e h ud a e n wn f l s s c camstr u htee rieo rao bedl e c .) Beo efl gt ef s saeh bespeiin Peiin r u h li h o g h xecs f e sna l ig n e'. fr ii h l t tt a a t o , t o e i ' n r t t knew,ors ul ha kno by e r sngr as bl dii nc t thedi nothaveapr i nay he rng;t ho d ve wn xe cii e ona e lge e,ha d elmi r a i he Cic tCour al d t Commonweat t nolepr equia a nd t i cmen s t e de edi no s ppo r ui t lowe he lh o l os nd me he ndit t ;he vi nc d t u rt t c c i andt Depu yga f let si he onvitons; he t ve as e tmony a bouti e c i i e a tngwih, a r tng Pe ii r ntr eptng, ntr ci t and resi ttone . Peii knew byt tmehe tl t s condsaeha aspeii t theca edt a lt a t ne t wihdr w ttoner he i ied he e tt be tton ha us he ppelae tor y o t a f om r pr e a i afe t Cour ofAppe l ofV igi a de ed t diec appe . Ft t r or Pe ii r r e es nt ton tr he t as r ni ni he r t al l he m e, ttone r co pl ned i sa eha spr ee ngst ta lt c e di notfl a a li t Cour ofAppe sof m ai n tt bea oc di ha ppelae ouns l d ie n ppea n he t al Vigi a nott thef ie t a a t t Supr meCour ofVigi a,whih i whathealgesi t i tntpe ii r ni, ha ald o ppe l o he e t r ni c s le n he nsa tton. Co e nty,t sat r or befr t Supr m eCour ofVigi ade onsr t t tPe iine di notpr vi l ns que l he t e ec d o e he e t r ni m taed ha tto r d e ousy alegea1cl msi prorha a peii at l l ai n i be s ttons lhoughheco d ha ul ve. 4 N one ofPe ii r s va i a l atonsofti lcour e r co tt t c e. The ttone ' rous leg i ra t r or ns iu e aus n e m ndm e st t i c m e sw e epr ry m a w ihouta undue s pr s t Pe ii ne ,a nt o he ndi t nt r ope l de t ny ur ie o tt o r nd noba i e sedt c l nget a ss xit o hale he mendme son a a .9 Theta c i r ve st tt Cicui nt ppe l r ns rpt e al ha he r t Cour di no pr ve ti lc elfom i ac ng De y Shorrdge, Pe ii ra lges a t d t e nt ra ouns r mpe hi put ti as ttone le , nd no ba i e se t c le t Cic tCour' sa e e son a ss xit d o hal nge he r ui ts tt m nt ppea .1 Pe ii ra s alege l 0 ttone lo l s t tt Clr oft Cicui Co ta t c tr trco m it fa by note trngt tt ha he e k he r t ur nd he our epore m ted ' ud r nsli ha he e ieti lta c i wa ta mit t t Cour ofAppe l ofVigi aandt tt s( r ud' ntr ra r ns rpt s r ns ted o he t as r ni ha hi ç a ' f pr ve e a lae c e nt d ppel t ouns lfom a gungt tt woma whos ve ce Pettone wasdrvi at e r r i ha he n e hi l ii r i ng tetmeo tears s o l no h v be ni t j r Ho v r t ewo nwa e u e fo h i f h re t h u d t a e e n he u y. we e, h ma s xc s d r m teve iea dwa no s ae a aj r r1 h nr n s t e td s u o .1 N one ofPe ii ne ' va i a l ga i ofc tto r s rous le tons ouns le r c tt e a û ubs a i l' e r or ons iut t t nta ' s i f tve as i t nc ofcouns lcl i . Se M a tne v.Rya nefec i s sa e e am e ri z n, U . S. ,1 S.Ct 1 32 . 309,1 6, 31 1 8( 01 )( oi gt a ap tto e mus s o ta teu eli ief ci a ssa c o til 31 2 2 n tn h t eiin r t h w h t h nd ryng n fe tve sitn e f ra c t e cam us dt e c eap o e u a d futmu tb t u sa ta'b h vigç o mei). o msl li e o x us r c d r l e a l s e t b tn il y a n s me rf s ' s A pe ii rc am i i f c i as it nc ofc ttone l i ng nefe tve ssa e ouns lmus s tsyt t pr nge t ts tf rh e t a if he wo- o d es e o t i Src ln v W a h n t n 4 6U. 6 8( 9 4 .Th frt r ngo Src ln r q ie a n tik a d . s i co , 6 S. 6 1 8 ) e is p o f sik a d e ur s pe ii rt s ttone o how S ha cot e madee r ss s i t tc û t ms l t ror o erous ha ouns lwasnotf toni a t e unc i ng s he to ns l g aa te t ed fn a t teSx hAme d n l 'me nigta c u s ls c u e' u r ne d h ee d n by h it n me t, ' a n h t o n e' j 9 Fu t r e det e e i saec ti ct t d enoto di rl abassoffder ha sc pusr ifunls rhe mor , kincis n tt our ndi men s i ar r naiy i e al bea or ele e s t dei inc ma t tils e e ousy unf i a t a he tce y kes he ra o p gi l ar s o mountt ade i ton oft defnda ' rghtt d o prvai he e nts i o ue p o e s' Asfr v Ed r s 7 0F. 4 5 4 7( t Ci.1 8 ) Nos c d tce c e ssi tesaec l t r c s. h od . wad , 8 2d 0 , 0 4h r 9 5. u h eiin y xit n h tt oz ' r pr e ngs andt ti di notc tmt ade i i ofduep oce s oc edi , he ral d onsi e prvaton r s. : Ahe teCo 0 rh mmo we l o jce t til omslsq sint Deput Shorrdgea i ked a ans r dy'te ' uet o y ti s d as nd we e 'h n at betd o ra c t e h o Cic i Cou rso d d $ tik( De uy a s r dteq et na o c l s y uc nc lwh tv r. . o rut t' ep n e ,ç hn t p tl n wee h u si nd f oz e o a al ae e . y u t I he o r k o y uc n p t n whae e e d nc y u d e a p o rae . .1( o ca iia inpu p s s 11 lt h o t r nw o a uo t v r vie e o e m p r p it l . . F) r lrfc to r o e , '1 e t e fke a we teq eto l . .(l i' ce rfrterc r ' ( r 1 6:-9 . ns r h u sin . .j so ts la o h e od. T . 2 7 1 ) ' 1 Furhem or Peiine sba els ac us in ofdr ud' i no e il t anasum ptonoftuh. SeeBelA t. ' t r e tto r' s e s c ato d a 's t ntted o f s i rt l l Cop. Two l, 5 U.. 4 , 5 (0 7 (oigacama tsb ssfrrl f e ursmoeta lb la d r v. mbv 5 0 S 5 4 5 5 2 0 ) n t n li n' ai o ei rq ie r h n a es n e c ncuso ) o l ins. rp e e tto f lb lw a o j ci esa d r o r a o a ln s.2 stiklnd, U S. t 8 e r s nain el eo n be tv tn a d f e s n b e e s1 rc a 466 a67 . 88. The s co pr ng ofSti a r quie ape ii rt s e nd o rcklnd e r s ttone o how t tc ha ouns lsdefcen e' ii t pef r nc p eu ie hm b d mo tai ale s n bl p o a it t t b tfrc u e' ro ma e rj dc d i y e nsrtng t a o a e r b bl y ha, u o o nsls r i e r s t r s toft pr ee ng woul ha be n dif r nt,1 j .a 694. ror , he e ul he oc di d ve e fe e .,3 d t Co n e h dnoba i t o j c t t elc o ap ei n he rngb c us Peiin rwa u sl a ss o be t o h a k f r lmimy ai e a e tto e s dr cl i dce a tran lep o e u, ndPei o e wa no p eu ie fo ten lep o e ui ie t n itd fe ol r s q ia y tt n r s t rj dc d r m h ol r sq i be a ehec d ha silbe n die ty i ced e n i t nolepr e wasde e .1 Se c us oul ve tl e r c l ndi t ve f he l os qui nid 4 e. eg.Co s rv. x, 2 F. p 1 4 ,1 41( . Va 1 71 ( l n, .; ih v. . , u e Co 3 4 Su p. 1 0 1 W D. . 9 ) Dat J) Wrc t o Co n at , 2Va Ap 6 0 6 9 7 7 6 7S. 2 7 7 7 - 5( 0 8 (n b n ) mmo we 1h 5 . p. 9 , 9 - 0 , 6 E.d 8 , 919 2 0 ) e a c . Alhough Pe ii ra guest tcot elf ie t dic st e de e wih hi o s t ttone r ha ms a ld o s us he vi nc t m r how t he e de et hi ,hedoesnote t bls how hi r viw oft evi nceco d ha ca e a vi nc o m sa ih se e he de ul ve us d ra o a ep o a l yo ano g i yv r it Co n e ha n v ldb sst o j c t t e e s n bl r b bit f t ul ed c. u s l d o ai a i o be t o h i t Comm onwe 1h a e ng Cot Two be a e Vigi a 1w pe t lbe a n nd e sof at m ndi mt c us r ni a nnis i r l me m nt i c m e st a d ur e es a y del y,Pe ii ndi t nt o voi m c s r a ttonerr c ve a c i nc e h tm e t e ei d ontnua e ac i he mne m e soc r d,a t na tr and c r troft c ge r mai c it ntt oug al nd nt cure nd he tle ha ace he har s e ned onsse hr h l t a e he m ndme s See e. , nt . . g.Powe lv.Commonweat 261Va.51 533,552 S. 2d 3 35 l 1h, 2, E. 44, 6 ( ) Ye rv. 2001 , age Commonwe lh,1 Va. . at 6 App.761 76 65,433S. 2d248, ( 993 . , 4E. 250 1 ) 'i( natre sat o o sin ta aen tu o si to a idvd al cn o b a d dtg te t ce t a 2 ç ton y' cs r miso s h t r o nc n tuin ln iiu l a n t e d e o eh r o r ae ( Aj t y c nsi to a vilto . Fih rv Ang ln ,1 3F.d8 5 8 25 (t Ci.1 9 ) Src a etbl h datto g o tt in l oain' s e . eo e 6 3 3 , 5 -3 4h r 9 8. tiklnd sa i e t rn u ' s s p eu to t t o ne' c n u tfl wi nt wiern eo rao a ep oeso a assa e.' Src ln , rs mp in ha c u sls o d c al t he d a g f e s n bl r fsin l sitnc g ' tika d s hi l 4 6U.. t6 9 i u iilsrtn o c u e' pefr n emu t ehg l d frnil a t v r efr ( s)b 6 S a 8 . t dca c uiy f o nsls ro ma c s b ihy eee ta' nd s ey fo tmut e l ' e ma t ei n t tedsot efcsof id ih . . n t e au t te(h l n e )c nd t rm c u e' de o lmiae h itri fe t hn sg t . a d o v lae h c al g d o uc fo o nsls ng e p rp ciea tet . I.(E fe tv rpee tt ni n tsn n mo swi er re srp ee tt n. S rn e es e t th i ' d ç lfcie e rs nai s o y o y u t rols e rs nai ' p ig r v me ' l o h o ' v. ln , 8 F.d3 , 3 (t Ci. 9 8. Col s 5 6 2 29 3 2 4h r 1 7 ) i 1 I apeii rhasnotsts i o pr oft Stikl t t aco tdoesnotnee t i r whehe hehas 3 f ttone a ifed ne ong he rc and es, ur d o nquie t r s tsi t ot rpr aifed he he ong.Sti a 466 U. a 697. rcklnd, S. t 1 Furhe mor ,Peiine ' al d de i ton of pr lmi yhea i pl s nt o Vigi aCode j 1 2- i a 4 t r e tto rs l ege prvai a ei nar rng, z ua t r ni r 9. 218 s matro saelw, n tmjteso sae1w n tiv vn fd r l o si to a ise aen ta p o raego n s te f tt a a d û atr f tt a o n olig e ea c n tuin lsu s r o p r pit ru d l t frfd rlh b a c ru r l f'Halyv Do sy 5 0F. l 2 1 5(t Ci.1 7 ) Th alg dd p iaind e o e ea a e s op s ei . i . re , 8 2d 1 , 1 4h r 9 8 . e le e e rv t o s e' e o notc tt t ca e a Peiine doesno e tbls t tno ha ng t pr lmi y he rngco ttt avi ai onsiue us , nd tto r t sa ih ha t vi he ei nar a i nsiues olton ofduepr es gua a e d by f r llw . oc s r nte ede a a Pe ii rdoe note a nwhy ti c ttone s xpli ral ouns ls d ha r quese ac i ncewhe he e houl ve e t d ontnua n e e ed a a nt r n ppea mwet ry da bef et ti a r hit ys or he ral boutaDUIa drvi on af f t lc ns , nd i ng oreied ie e pa tculry snc tilc ri a l i e ra ouns ls d i me ael be or t ti lbe n t thewa ç ea t go e ai m di t y f e he ra ga ha s s dy o r f w a d. or r ' ' Pe ii ralo c ttone s ompli t ttilco elfl d am o i i lmi t e l e d e ans ha ra uns ie ton n i ne o xc ude vi enc t ta outtndi a r twa r nte sed whe Pe ii rwa soppe f DUI Pe ii ra gues ha n sa ng res ra xit n ttone s t d or . ttone r t tti c ha ral ouns ls dha a gue t tDe y Shorrdgesoppe Pe ii rf t a r s e houl ve r d ha put ti t d ttone or he re t wa r ,notf drvi erai a l Howeve ,t ti r co d e tbls d t tDe y Shorrdge rant or i ng r tc ly. r he ral e r sa ihe ha put ti sop d Peii ne f ra i pe a e he dlghtwhiedrvi a niht a ti c t pe tto r o n no r bl a i l i ng t g , nd ral ouns lssr t c e ' taegi d cso t e cu ep eu iil v d n et a ddn ts p r Pei o rst e r o tec s i e iin o x ld rj dca e i e c h t i o u po t tt ne' h o y f h a e s i e t ldt d fr n e S eSrc lnd 4 6U. a 6 991(i dn ta fd rl a e sc u t a n t ni e o ee e c . e tika , 6 S. t 8 - fn ig h t e e a h b a o r c n o t scondgue sc ms lsras na esr t cc c ) e s ot e' e o bl taegi hoies. Peiin rag e ta til o s l ho dh v sr kf rc us : o r u o swhoh d tto e r u s h t ra c un e s ul a e tuc o a e f u j r r a dfiut he rng ajl rwhoc re tya kn wld e d rn v i dr t a teCo n at ifc l ai ; t o y r o rcl c o e g d u i g or ie h t h mmo we lh wa no r quie t pr isca ei c e be s t e r d o ove t s n hif yond gt d u t aj r rwh ea n ' g a d a g tr l o b ; u o os u ts rn d u h e . wa t ep osc t rswie a daj r rwh s so ePeiin rv stda dwihwh m Peiin r s h r e u o ' f; n u o o e t r tto e iie n t o tto e ha adiagr e e . TheCic tCour e aned t the rngde ce woul bepr de an t d s e m nt r ui t xpl i ha a i vi s d ovi d d he j r r c u dr iet i h n swh ne e te c udno h a ; ohteCo n at a dt e u o s o l as her a d e v r h y o l t e r b t h mmo we 1 n h h Cic t u t x lie t tej r t a t eCo n at mus p o et ec s b y n a ruiCo r e pan d o h u y h t h mmo we lh t r v h a e e o d ra o a ed u t a dt jzo sa sle t e o t t tte c udb i a t l1 e s n bl o b ; n he l r st d md r ah ha h y o l e mp ri .5 r r a 1No eo Peiin rso jcin t te ejlosiv le p rK.a e t srk frcu e a dPeio e d e no 5 n f t o e' beto s o h s t r n ov d e b ss o tie o a s , n tin r o s t r t t pee t n e d n eta tej r r wee i fc, o i at l Se To sn v Co n at, 7 Va 3 5 3 , rsn a y vie c h th u os r,n atn tmp ri . e wn e d . mmo welh 2 0 . 2 , 31 a 61 SE.d7l 7 7 (0 5 (e urn teds sa o v nr me eswh weec re tcinso t c u s l t 9 . 2 , 4-5 2 0 ) rq iig h imisl f e ie mb r o r urn le t fhe o n e a tilo wh ei daerltv wo l tsi ) ra r os mme it eaie ud etf . y . Pei o e as fist e panp eu iefo hsalg to t tra c u s l rv n e tt n r lo al o x li rj dc r m i le ain ha til o n e p e e td i hi fom t tf ng orf ie t pr s ntany de e e.I Pe ii rha t si d,t m r esiyi a ld o e e f ns f ttone d e the he Co monwe t woul ha as d hi a m alh d ve ke m bouthi ot rf ony c ci d ti t guitphas s he el onvi tons trng he l e ofti .Pe ii ne ' pr f e t tm o i l ng hi a isont thet d De y Shorrdge ral tto rs ofer d esi ny, ncudi s dm s i ha ol put ti t theha c um e ne ry t c nsofbee whie drvi ce t nl s ha d ons d a l wo a r l i ng, rai y upporsadec son by til t ii ra c ouns lt dis e o s uadePeii ne fom i rm i tng hi s f Se Huthi v.Ga rs 724 F. tto r r nc i na i m el. e c ns rions 2d 1 25 1 6(t Ci. 98 )(o iglg l d iea o t eh rac i n l e e d n s o l tsiy 4 , 43 4h r 1 3 n tn e a a vc b u wh t e rmia d fn a t h u d e tf i a pa a gm oft t oftc i ldec son t tcn s r di he ype a tca ii ha nnotbe c le ha lnged a e de eofi f c i s vi nc nefe tve a ssa e .Peii rdoe note tbls t ta vi edee ewa a ia eoresa ihhow sitnc ) ttone s sa ih ha ny abl fns s valbl tbls s h ade e e c d ha c us d ar as bl c nc ofanotg ly ver c . Furhe mor t uc f ns oul ve a e e ona e ha e uit dit t r e, he r or e nc tilc ec d vi es ra ouns lsr s bl tilsr t gy ofr l ng on c os - xa i ton,motonst e ' ea ona e ra ta e eyi r s e m na i i o srke, nd cosng a g e si lg ofPeii r spr f r t tmony t the s d be f ti a l i r um nt n i ht ttone ' ofe ed esi ha houl ound i nnoce tbe us hedi notknow i wasil lt drnk be rwhiedrvi Per' Re p.1 .s e n ca e d t lega o i e l i ng. t.s s 3, e Stiklnd, U. a 68 91(i ngt tfde a ha a c tc nnots ond- s c els rc a 466 S. t 9- fndi ha e r l be s our n ec gue s ouns ' ra o a esrtg cc oie ) e s n bl tae i h c s. Peiin rc n o etb ihp eu ief rh sa g me t h ta p laec u s lfie t t o e n n t sa ls rj d c o i r u n t a p elt o n e ald o t e u et a ltans i swe e a ia et t Cour ofAppe sofVigi a be aus t tcour ns r hat l r crpt r va lbl o he t al r ni c e ha t r s ve t s e a la eis a e ol d he ol ppe lt s ue boutt m o i i lm i wihoutnee ng ta c i s he ton n i ne t di r ns rpt. Pe ii r sa g e t ta la ec ttone ' r um nt ha ppe lt ouns la ndonedt die ta alfom t Cour of e ba he r c ppe r he t Appe l ofVigi at t Supr m eCour ofVig ni i m e il s Ahe t Cour ofAppe l of as r ni o he e t r i a s rtes . r he t as V igi a de ed Pe ii r sa r ni ni ttone ' ppea ,Pe ii rw r e t Ci c tCo t ç ha a r a s nta l ttone ot he r ui ur , ç ve l e dy e I lte t (ppelaeco el ad snghi 1wasrquesi t c toa ntne l alc e etr o a lt uns ) vii m e tng he our t ppoi w eg ouns l a t ta lt i onna i ore de e he m a ha t be gi n t e t rm y ne a t ne ort nd ha l he nf t on vi nc y ve o ve o ihe w tor y o 8 me.'l tad ofa ndo ng a a a ,a la ec ' nse ba ni n ppe l ppe lt ouns la r t Peii r sr ue tt the e dhe ed o ttone ' eq s ha s d no l nge bei ve i Pe ii r sc e a trt Cour ofAppeasde e t a ala houl o r nvol d n ttone ' as fe he t l ni d he ppe nd be or a f e nyonenot d a a alt t Su e Co tofVigi a e n ppe o he pr me ur r ni . Pe ii rge al al gest ta lt couns i pr ry advie hi iha alposttone ner ly le ha ppela e el m ope l sd m t t 1 t t c n cinrme isa ia l g .1h db e e h use i tetil o r at o g t e wee o vito e de valb e . . a e n x a td n h ra c u t lh u h h y r not'1 A lhoug Pe ii rm e i a moto f rane ti la ape ii f rawrtofa t l t h ttone ntons in o w ra nd tton o i c ua . '6 i e ,hedoesnotha ac tt i lrg t pos- nviton c nnoc nce ve onsiutona i ht o tco c i ouns lt fl t er que t . e o ie hes e ss S e eg, lma 5 U. a 7 2; r yla i v F n l 481U.. 51 5 5( 9 7 . e . ..Coe n, 01 S. t 5 Pems v n a . i ey, S 5 , 5 18 ) Ac o d n l, o eo Peiin rsag me t e tbls c u ea dp eudc , n Peiin r c r i gy n n f tto e ' r u ns sa ih a s n rj ie a d t o e t pr dur ly de a t a 1ofhi c am s oce a l f uled 1 s li . 11 1. Fort f r goi r a o , g a Res he o e ng e s ns I r nt ponde ' m otont dimi s Ba e upon my nts i o s s . s d fndi t tPe ii ne hasnotm a t r quiies t ils wi ofa de a ofa i ng ha tto r dt he e st ubsanta ho ng nil c nsiuin l ih a r q ie b 28U.. j2 5 /) ac ri aeo a pe lb lyi d nid. o ttto a rg t s e urd y SC. 2 3 , etsc t f p aa ii s e e t TheCl k i die e t s nd aco oft sM e a er s r ctd o e py hi mor ndum Opi on a t ac ompanyi ni nd he c ng Or rt Pe ii rand c de o ttone ouns lf rRe ponde . e o s nt EN TER : s Thi da ofN ove be , 3. y m r 201 ' ï x . ê Se orUnied St t itl J t aes srct udge 1 Peif doe de c i s ct al wha a lat c mp la s d a 6 ttoner s s rbe pe ik ly t ppel e ot e dvie boutw hi pariulrpos-onvitonr m e ch tc a tc c i e dy t twa s ha s uppos dl no l ravalbl i t Cic tCo t N oa y,Peiinerfldhi frtsaehabe peii e y onge ia e n he r ui ur. tbl tto ie s ts tt as tton w iht Cic tCour pr > whieappelaeco elwassilpl s ngt die a alwiht Cour ofAppe sof t he rui t o .: l lt uns tl z ui he r ct ppe t he r t al V igi a. r ni 9
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