Collier v. Land & Sea Restaurant Company, LLC, No. 7:2013cv00104 - Document 52 (W.D. Va. 2013)
Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge James C. Turk on 9/18/13. (sas)
Download PDF
<![CDATA[
nl : ofel t,s. s' FRK' r cE J oi r . couaT ATROANOK E, VA FI ED L I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FOR TH E W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI NI CT RGI A ROANOK E DI SI VI ON RO BERT J.CO LLI ER, Pl ntf , ai if SEP 12 2 1 23 JULA BK I D DL , CLERK UW CLERK C as N o.7: 3- ve 1 c 00104- T JC V. M EM O M N D UM O PI I N N O LAND & SEA RESTAUM NT CO. LLC , d/ a FM NK I ROW LAND' b/ E S STEAKH OUSE, De e f ndantr rd- t Pl i if / fhi par y a ntf , By:Jam e C . k s Tur Se or U nie St t s Di t i tJudge ni t d a e sr c V. PER FO R M A N CE FO O D G R O UP,I C . N d/ a PERFORM ANCE FO OD SERW CEb/ VI G I I , R N A Thi d- t D e endant r par y f / Fourt par y Pl ntf , h- t ai if V. W EAVER FRESH SEAFOOD & PR O D UC E, T hi d- t D e e r par y f ndant , V. SAM RU ST SEAFOO D & PRODUCE, Fourt par y De e h- t f ndant . Pe ng be or t c ti a m oton t dimis by Fourh- ry De e nt Sa Rus ndi f e he our s i o s s t pa t f nda m t Se ood & Pr af oduce(f m Rus') ECF No.40,i whi i s e dimis loft co %Sa t', n ch t e ks s sa he mmon lw a i ndemni a i cli br ht by Peror nce Food Gr fc ton am oug f ma oup, l d b a Pe f nna nc. / / r o nce Food Se vcevigi a (TFG' i t Fo t pat Compli .The Cour c l est tt e e s r i - r ni 1 ' n he urh- ry ) ant t oncud ha he xprs i m nii a i cl us i t wr te c r c be w ee PFG & Sa Rus go ns t nde t c ton a e n he it n ont a t t n m t ver he i m nii a i oblga i be w e n t t pa te a t ti pr cl s a i ple orc m on nde t c ton i tons t e he wo ri s nd ha t e ude ny m i d om 1w i a ndemnii a i cli i t s ca e.For t s r a on,e ai d i mor de albel Sn tc ton am n hi s hi e s xpl ne n e t i ow, m Rus ' m oton t dim i s ECF N o.40, i G R AN TED a t co m on 1 w i m nik a i ts i o s s, s nd he m a nde t ton cai as e td i t Fourh- ry Compl i a i tSa Rus i he e DI I l m s re n he t pa t ant gans m t s r by SM SSED W I TH PREJUD I . CE BA CK G R O UN D Pl ntf Ro r J Colir a l es t the s f r pe s l a bodiy dn ai if be t . le leg ha ufe ed r ona nd l mage due t s o f ood poioni a tr c umi ç s ng fe ons ng t unwhol om e f ' i udi s lih, a De e nts es oody ncl ng helfs t f nda ' ' r t a on Aprl1 2011.Se ECF N o.1 Am e d Co pl nt The Ame esaur nt i 4, e 7, nde m ai . nded Co pl nt m ai as e t acomm o lw ne i nc cli ,aswel a c am sf br ac oft i id wara is s rs na glge e am l s l i or e hes he mple r nte of merha a lt and offt s f a pari a pur e.See ge r lv j. Afer flng is c ntbiiy ine s or tculr pos ne al Js t ii t Ans r De e we , f ndan La & Sea fld a Amende Thid- ry Compli agans t e ii s t nd ie n d r pa t ant i t wo ntte t ts i d t s lfs t Colira lgedl c lmed l G and W e rFr s Se f & ha upple he he lih hat le le y onsl - v ave e h a ood Pr e.ECF No.30.The Ame oduc nded Thid- ry Compli c ai t s me ca e ofaci n r pa t ant ont ns he a us s to agans ea h of t t r pa t de e nt a t Ame d Compl i , ie. neglge i t c he hid- ry f nda s s he nde ant . , i nce a nd br c oft i ple wa r i ofmer ha a lt a offt sf rapa tc a pur e.Se ea hes he m i d rantes c nt biiy nd ines o ri ulr pos e c rlyi eneal és I addii t flng an a we de ng t alegai nsagans i,PFG tl d aFourh- ry n ton o ii ns r nyi he l to i tt ie t pa t Com pli a i t Sa Rus .ECF N o.29.The Fourh- ry Compl i a lgest tSn Rus a nt gans m t t pa t ant le ha m t s p le PFG wih t s lfs t a i,i tr p o ie t La d & S a ECF No 2 a ! 5 6 u p id t he helih h t t n t n, r vd d o n t e. . 9 t ! -. Ac r ng t PFG,Sn Rus pr de t s li h a is t PFG pur ua t a wrten co di o m t ovi d he helts t s ue o s nt o it c r t tte a t ontac, il d d Foods r i Pr uc s Supple Agr eme daed J nua y 29, 2009' e vce od t ir e nt t a r ' (e en fe çh Ag e me f I a ! 6 I teFo rh- ryCo li t PF camst a t te h ria tr û e r e n ). d. t . n h u t pa t mpan, G li h t o h t iext t s lis i f m d t be detci and/ uns e,t t ext t t Pl ntf m ay s ent he helt h s ot o i ent or af o he ent hat he ai if r ove fom La & Se a t t e e t tLa & Se m a r c ec r r nd a nd o he xt nt ha nd a y e overfom PFG,Sa Rus r m t wo l bela l t PFG f raj d me to c mmo 1w id mnfc to a d o c n rb to f r u d ibe o o u g n f o n a n e iiai n n /r o tiu in o 2 is own ne i nc a orbr a h oft i id wa r nt of ft s f hum a c umpto ' t glge e nd/ ec he mple ra y ine s or n ons i n. ' ECF No 2 a ! 5 PFG a k f raj g n o ç o ta t a id mnfc to a ans'S m Ru t .9t . s s o ud me t f s n rct l n e iiain g i t' a c z s p ru n t te tr o t e Ag e me tb t e Sa Rus a d P û n / raj g n of u s a t o h ems f h r e n ewe n m t n FG, s d o ud me t a co m on l w i m nii a i a or c rbuton,i udi t pa e of al a t e ' f s m a nde f c ton nd/ onti i ncl ng he ym nt l tom ys ee a c t i u rdi t defns oft smatr'1 a !6. nd oss nc re n he e e hi te . d. t ' Now pe ng be or t Co ti Sn Rus ' moton t dimis whih s ksdimis lof ndi f e he ur s m ts i o s s , c ee s sa t c ai of c m o 1 w i m niy i t Fo h- ry Com pl i .Se ECF N o.40,41.PFG he l m om n a nde t n he urt pa t a nt e hasfl d ar s e i opposton t t moton t dim is ECF No. a Sam Rus hasfl d a ie e pons n ii o he i o s s , 45, nd t ie r pl ECF No.46. The Cour he d ar e y, t ar gume on t m oto durng a Se e b 6,201 nt he in i pt m er 3 he rng,a t moton i now rpe f rdiposton. a i nd he i s i o s ii I . D I U SSI N l SC O A . STA N D AR D O F R EV I EW l o d rt s r i amo int d s s u d rFe R. v. 1 ()6 ,ç c mp an mus n r e o u vve to o imis n e d. Ci P. 2b () ç o lit t a c an s fcintf c ua ma tr a ce ed a t u t Stt a cai t r le t ti plusbl on is ont i ufi e a t l te , c pt s r e, o sa e l m o e if ha s a i e t fc ''As r tv.I ,55 U. 66 678 ( a e.' hcof gbal 6 S. 2, 2009)( i BelAt.Com .v.Two v,550 quotng l l mbl U. 5 4 5 0 (0 7 l c nsd rng a mo in t d s s t e Rue 1 ( )6 ,t Co r i S. 4 , 7 2 0 :. n o i ei to o imis md r l 2 b ( ) he u t s oblg e t a ce a tu a 1oft c i atd o c pt s r e 1 he ompli ' f cua al ga i a t ke t f c si t lght ants a t l le tons nd a he a t n he i mo tfv r bet t pli if Ginu a o v J l o ,5 F.d29 , 2 ( t Ci. 0 ) W h n s a o a l o he ant f a tn . oms n 21 3 8 30 4h r 2 08. e r vi ng t l l s fci nc of a c a m , how e r t Cour t ed not a c pt t l al e ewi he ega uf i e y li ve , he tç ne c e he eg c usonsdr wn fom t f c s' 1 oncl i a r he a t . d. ' B. PFG' (COM M O N LAW I S S NDEM NI 'CLAI TY' M Ef ectoft ExpressA greem entt lndem niy f he o f The s e is r ie by t pe ng moton t dimis i wheher unde Vigi a lw, ol s ue a s d he ndi i o s s s t , r r ni a PFG ' c a m of t om m on 1 i m niy' c n s rv ve whe t r i a G xpr s c r c ua S li t c aw nde t ' a u i n he e s n l es ont a t l e t t en he ris' ' pr ii f i ov s on or ndemniy bewe t pa te . lECF No. 41 a 1.Spe ii aly,Pa agr ph 1 oft t c tc l r a 4 he Agr men be we n PFG a Sam Rus pr de : ee t t e nd t ovi s I mni ai l m a nde fc ton: ns nce A.I d mntc to .r n Rus)wi i e iy d fnd a d h l n e i ain s m i t l nd mn f , ee , n od l PFG, is afiit and s i a i a t i ofk e s die t s t flaes ubsdi res nd her t r , r cor , e o e sa a e t,a wela a y c tmeso P a d is mply e nd g ns s l s n uso r f FG n t s i a i sha ml s fom a a ns a alegai as e td or ubsdlre r e s r nd gai t ny l tons s re da s labiiis l s , t o e nss(ncudi r ona e mage ,i lte ,oses coss r xpe t i l ng eas bl at ne 'fe )s ughti a cai a ton,lws torpr e di tor ys e s o n ny l m, ci a ui oc e ng c n e tdwih o aii o to a yo t ef l wi (o lciey o n ce t r rsng u f n f h ol ng c le tv l, o : ai ' : û ms' C1 ) 2 De t o ij yt a y pes n,d ma et a y p o e t, ) ah r nur o n ro n g o n r p ry or any ot r dn a or l s r uli or cl i e t ha he m ge os es tng a m d o ve r s t i whol or i pa t fo a qua iy or ot r e uled, n e n r, r m ny lt he de e ti t Pr t whe he lt ntorpatnt orf iur of f c n he oduc , t r a e e , al e t Pr uc t c he od t o ompl wih a e es or i pled y t ny xpr s m i wa r nte ora cli ofsrc la lt i t tr ltng t ra is ny am tit ibiiy n or e ai o t Pr t he oduc ; 5 Falr t c mpy wih a y p o iin o t i ) iu e o o l t n r vso s f hs Agr ent. eem Not t tndng t f e ng,( m Rusj s l no be la et wihsa i he orgoi Sn t hal t ibl o PFG t t e e PFG ' dn age a e de e m i d t r s t f om o he xt nt S m s r t r ne o e ul r P S o g o s n g ie c o wilu mic n u t ( a Ru t FG' wn r s e lg n e r l l s o d c. S m s) f s l us c m s lr as bl s ts a t y t PFG i t de ens o ha l e ot e e ona y a if c or o n he f e f s c Cli .PFG s al wi i t ry (0 d y a trr c i to u h ams h l, t n hit 3 ) a s fe e ep f h noie o a Cli a ans P tc f am g i t FG, n tf ( n Ru t t ee f oiy S m sj h r o ; 1The Cour not at t out t t t i i dif tt dicer whe her Sa Rustand PFG ar t es he se ha t s fkul o s n t m e r er i i t rflngst t s t ofi ef rng n hei ii o he ame ype ndemniy.The Fourh- t Com pl ntr f encesScom mon t t pary ai e er s l i aw ndem nii i ' whie Sam Rus ' m oton r er t çi pled i fcaton,' l ts i ef s o lm i ndem nii ton,' a PFG' fca i ' nd S opposii m e or ton m andum r er t <equiabl i ef s o ç t e ndemniiaton.'A s dicus ed i M vrte Beach Pi i fc i ' s s n l pelne Cor v.Eme s n Elc Co. 8 F.Su 1 27 1 63n. ( S. 1 93) t r i n ce rn ncau e p. ro e . , 43 pp. 0 , 0 21 D. C. 9 , hee s o la ome lt r among sat and f r c s f dif entt t e ede al ourt or fer ypes of i ndem niy,nor do court s t s eem t agr on wha o ee t el ement consiut e i i l nam ed t s tt e ven dentcalyypes of i m niy.For e pl Si i i nde t xam e, smpled ndemniy' a t ' nd çequiabl i m niy' ar occasi l used i e change y' butçi pled cont a uali ç t e nde t ' e onaly nt r abl ' çm i r ct ndemniy' i alo t 's s us t r ert t s ed o ef o he ame t of i ype ndem niy.1 Addii l as dicus ed i r at Seci 1. 2,t t d. tonaly, s s nfa ton IB. he Cou tb ive t e ei a dsici u e Vigi a 1w bewe n c ta t a ide t ( te e r s r el s h r s itn ton nd r r ni a t e onr cu l n mniy wheh r xp e s e ori id)a e uia ei e t mple nd q tbl nd mniy. 4 pr de howe r t t f itr ofPFG t pr vi s h no i t ovi d, ve , ha alle o o de uc tce o ( a Rusj s al n t lmi t e d fn e o id mnfc to Sm t h l o i t h e e s r n e iiain oblga i , e e t t e en t t t de a has a m ae il i tons xc pt o he xt t ha he l y tra a reefe tu t a lt of( m Ruslt dee s h Cli dves f c pon he biiy Sa t o fnd uc am. ECF No. 9 Ex. a 3 ! 1 TheAge me tas c nan a itg ainda s t a sae t t 2 , A t , 4. r e n lo o ti s n ne r to u e h t tts ha i t o siue tee tr Ag e me ta d u d rtndn bewe n tep risrg r i gt es b e t t l n tt ts h n ie re n n n esa ig t e h a t e ad n h u j c c e matrhe e la s re a me g a1 prordic sonsand agre nt bewe n t m te r ot nd upes des nd r es 1 i sus i e me s t e he rlt gt rt ' I a 4 I 1 . eai heeo. d. t ,J 5 n ' Sam Rus ar s t t t r i ino i id dut of i t gue ha he e s û mple y ndemniy whe t pa tes ha t n he ri ve r duc an i mnii ton ag e m e t wrtng. ECF No.41 a 3.Sam Rus ac e ed nde fcai r e nt o ii ' ' t t knowldges e t r a eno c esfom t Supr he e r as r he eme Cour ofVigi aon poi ,butct st a Fourh Cic tca e t r ni nt ie o t r ui s whi h hol t c t s d not%e or t i i i m niy prncpl s ...whe a ex e s c ds hat ours houl r s t o mpled nde t i i e n n pr s i mni ai c r te ss'ECFNo.41a 3 (ii Fi lt & De Co.v.BrsolSt l& nde fc ton ontac xit. ' t ctng deiv p. it ee lo W or .l ,722 F. 11 1 ( h Ci.1 Ct delt & De i .Sa Rus as rn ks nc. 2d 60,1 63 4t r 983) Fi iy posfl) m t lo ct ,wihout dic so t f tr ot r c es t tha ct d Fi lt & De i f t s m e ies t s us i n, o o t he as ha ve ie deiv post or he a pr iin.ECFNo.41a 3- ( tngDa othMkt & Res ac LLC v. raiivsl , F. oposto t 4 cii c a g. e rh. Ve stlt nc.21 Supp.2d 570,580( D.Va 1 ) Sandelngv.Do E. . 998 9 ri nohoeCo.I ,47 Va.Ci.345,346( . nc. r Va. Ci.Ct 1 ;Trns mei Prmirl .Co. Tur SpecalssofN.Va.I ,31Va Ci.26, r . 998) a n rca e e ns v. f i it .nc. . r 28( .Ci. .993) a Fara Ct Bd. Supe vio sv. betonConsr Co.1 Va.Ci. Va r Ct 1 ; nd ifx y. of r s r Cul rs t. , 2 r 11 1 ( .Ci. .1 8, 20 Va r Ct 987:. l is r pons ,PFG c e t tt ca es Sa Rus r le upon do not c r t n t es e ont nds ha he s m t ei s ontol he out m e he e be us t e ca e a 1de lw ih e t r sle y ag e m ent ort y a e c t c i co r ca e hos s s 1 a t ihe tr t r e s he r ons nl ton c es ECF N o.45 a 1 2.PFG post t ti t c e ofa pr t la lt c e lket sone as . tis ha n he ont xt oduc s ibiiy as i hi , S he r g s and oblga i oft pa tes a e notde e ne s e y by c r c ,butby o r ton t i ht t i tons he ri r t nni d ol l ont a t pe a i oflw.'I l poi s s ik a l t Vigi a Code s c i 8. 31 a 31 whi h gove n t a ' d. t nt pec t ly o r ni e tons 2- 4 nd 5, c r he 5 cr a i ofi i wa r ntesi t s e o pr t ,s h ast s lih a is he e.Se Va. e ton mpled ra i n he al f oduc s uc he helfs t s ue r e Co e An .j 82 31 31 s e as Va Co e Ar j 8.- 6 (e cii g h w s c i id d n j .- 4, 5; e lo . d m. 2 31 d s rb n o u h mpl e warn isma bee cu e o mo iid . ctst noc s so o h ra to iy h we e ,h t ra te y x ld d r d fe ) PFG ie o a e r t e uh rt , o v r t a hol t tt prncpl ofFi lt & De i s d nota y i t pr t la lt co e , ds ha he i i e de iy post houl ppl n he oduc s ibiiy nt xt nordoes i e ai w hy pa tesw ho a e s ppler ofgoodst ot s c nnotr a h- a be bound t xpl n ri r u i s o her a ec nd by- t rown ag ee hei r mentast i mnii to o nde fcai n. M o e v r a smia l l h sb e a pid i oh rj rs ito s o tietec n tu to ro e , i lr ' e a e n p l n te u idcin , u sd h o sr cin u e ors e y c e .Fo e m pl Ne Zeaa Ki fui M kt Bd. Civ ofW im i on,825 F. ur t ont xt r xa e, w lnd wir t g. v. t l nzt - Supp.11 ( De.1 i ve apl ntf who ha s ppe futt twa detoye duet 80 D. l 993) nvol d ai if d hi d r i ha s sr d o fulyr rgeai whiei apor- r us fciiyopeae byt dee n ciy..sa 11 2. a t efi rton l n twaeho e a lt rtd he fnda t t J t 8 ê The c r c bewe n t ct and one oft c de e nt , onta t t e he iy he o- f nda s who wa pa ta l r ponsbl f rt s rily es i e o he ope a i or m ant na e of t r fi r ton e pm e a t por, c ai d a e e s r ton i e nc he e rge a i qui nt t he t ont ne n xpr s i ndemnik a i pr son.l 118 11 95.Appl ng De a r l w,t c tconcuded t t t ton ovii d. 4, 94yi l wa e a he our l ha t i m nii a i pr son gove ned and t t no c r r or dif r nt dut t i mniy he nde fc ton ovii r ha onta y fe e y o nde f w oul be i ple I a 11 4- I r i t co ut not d ç e a a e c t ha c e r y d m i d. d. t 9 95. n ulng, he t ' e r l w r our s ve l a l lmie i ple i m nii to t st tonsi whih no e es i mni c ton e ss ç hen i t d m i d nde fcai n o iua i n c xpr s nde t a i xit . W i t pa test ac r c ha e e ed i o a wrte ag e m e te es l s ti f rh o pa t s he ri o onta t ve nt r nt itn r e n xpr sy e tng o t ne ry' i mniy labiiy,t r i no r m f ra e a ge e oft toblgai by i i ai n.' 1 nde t i lt he e s oo o ny nl r m nt ha i ton mplc to '' d. a 11 (iai omitd) t 94 ctton te . Si l l i C&E Se v . l v.As a I ,498 F.Su 2d 242,266- ( D. miary, n r ss nc. hlnd. nc. pp. 67 D. C. 2007) ac ei vi undel ngcli f ne ien mirpr e ai fa a t br c , as nvol ng ryi ams or glg t se esntton, rud, nd he ea h of t i pled cove nt of g he m i na ood f ih and f r de lng, t cour c l d t t D it i of at ai a i he t onc ude ha s rct Col bi 1 w r qui e di m i s loft pl i if 'eq t bl i m nik a i cl i bec us t r um a a e r d s s a he a ntf s uia e nde t ton a m a e he e wa a e es con r c pr son gove ni i mnik a i Ot c t, oo,ha a i t s n xpr s ta t ovi i r ng nde t ton. her ours t ve ppled he 6 s m e pr nc pl out i t sze y o c t uc i n co e .Se e. ,Font notv.M e a Pe r e a i i e sde he tr t r onsr t o nt xt e. g. e s t ol um Co. 791 F. 1 , 2d 207,1 - 9 ( h Ci.1 218 1 5t r 986)(ppl ng fdealmmii 1w a rf i t a yi e r tme a nd eusng o çmpy a spaae ide iiain o lg to aii o t o a ( ra t o wo k nl e i l i e rt n mn fc to b iain rsng u f n warny f r ma i k p ro ma c ) b c us a e p e sid mnfc to a re n e itd b t e t s mep ris; ef r n e , e a e n x r s n e iiain g e me t xse ewe n he a a t ) e Na' La Col.l v.Hile Gp .Arhiecur N. Sl ,739 F.Supp.2d 821 830- ( tl bor ls nc. lir c t t e J. nc. , 31 D. M d.201 (mde M aylnd lw,a cam f c 0) t r r a a li or ommon 1w i mnikain,whih i a qua i a nde t to c s sc r cua r dy,was una ia e t t pli if be a e an e es i m niy a r e e onta t l eme val bl o he a ntf c us xpr s nde t g e m nt e se a çgl i id c xitd nd iany mple ommon 1w i mniiai she woul et rconta c ora a nde fc ton c me d ihe rdit dd t t e)ce ry d fn d cru tn e 'u d rwhc id mnfc to i rq ie i te e r s o h l lal ei e ic msa c s' n e ih n e i ain s e ur d n h xp e s a e nt;Ge rlM ot sCor v.M aiz I ,2009 W L 1 9376,a *3- 4( Arz.M a 6, greme ) nea or p. rt. nc. 25 t * D. i y 2 0 )(p yn Arz n 1w t a to f ri e iiain i c s wh r o i ia cam wa 0 9 a plig io a a o cin o nd mn fc to n a e e e rgn l li s ba e o pe s lij i a e nts o e by Ge rlM oor,who c rce wih M a tz s d n rona n ures t ve pons r d nea t s onta td t ri Tr ve Compa t pr de s r i esf t e nt a co l ng t tbot dm ple c r cua a l ny o ovi e v c or he ve , nd ncudi ha h ç i d onta t l i i m niy' a ç t e i mniy' we e pr cl nde t ' nd t abl nde t ' r e uded by t e senc ofa e es i m niy equi he xit e n xpr s nde t pr sonbewe nGM a M aiz . ovii t e nd rt) Ba e o t ca e c t d i t pr e ng t pa a a , w hi h a i d t ba i s d n he s s ie n he ec di wo r gr phs c pple he s c prnci e s t f t i Fi lt & Depost t Cour c udes t t prnci e i'no lmie t i pl e orh n de iv i, he t oncl ha i pl s t i t d o s e y a consr ton c s s as PFG ar ue .Pa tc a l snc PFG hasno cied t a sngl ur t nd tuc i a e , g s riulry i e t t o i e c e sa i t tt r e s d nota y i t pr duc s la lt c e ,t Co tbei ve i as ttng ha he ul houl ppl n he o t ibiiy ont xt he ur le s t s ul a y he e. ho d ppl r PFG s uggess ho ve ,t tSn Rus ' moton i a at mptt cr umve a la lt t, we r ha m ts i s n te o ic nt ny i biiy f t br c of i ple w a r ntes i t s c s ,a t ta i a i oft Fi lt & Depost or he ea h m i d r a i n hi a e nd ha pplc ton he de iy i r e he e woul s ul r d omehow c lc wih Vig ni s l ws gove ni i i wa r nte . Put onfi t t r i a' a r ng mpled ra i s dif r nty, a co di t PFG , t m Rus ' a gum e i t t . . . PFG c nno s e t t bl f e e l c r ng o t sa ts r nt s ha a t e k quia e i m ni a i asar dr s f rbr a he oft i ple wa r ntes' ECF N o.45 a 2. ti nota nde fc ton e e s o e c s he m i d ra i . ' t I s t a 1cea t t s Cour t t t i t nded pur e of Sa Rus' m o i i t a d i m niy l l r o hi t ha he n e pos m ts ton s o voi nde t labiiy f t i i wa r nt c am s At la tt e f t s i lt or he mpled r a y l i . e s hr e acs ugge t t i nott i e d s hat s he ntnde pum os oft moton. e he i Fis,nowher i Sn Rus ' moton t dim isdoesi sa et ti woul no be o i t d rt en m ts i o s s t t t ha t d t blga e t i m niy PFG unde t c r c f a br ac of t i ple w a r ntes Sec o nde f r he ont a t or ny e h he m i d r a i . ond, i is n t Re y, m Rus e p e sy d n e ta i d e klqt ds li i ido e prs warnisa t pl Sa t x r sl e is h t t t e s o icam mpl r x e s ra te s o s e t qualt oft f ' ECF N o. a 1. he iy he ood. ' 46 t Thid,t c r t i m nii a i pr son is f r quies Sn Rus t i mniy r he ontacual nde tc ton ovii tel e r m t o nde f P f rda g sa iig o to a cam f rt d e t o ij r t a y pes n,...rs tng o FG o ma e rsn u f li o ç qah r nu y o n ro l eul i r cli d t ha r s t i whol or i pa t fom a q lt or ot r de ec i t Pr t a me o ve e uled, n e n r, r ny uaiy he f t n he oduc , whe he l tnt or pa e , o f iur of t Pr t t compl wih a e e s or i pled t r ae t nt r al e he oduc o v t nv xpr s m i war nte o a cli ofsrc la lt i t t'ECF No.29 a Ex.A,! 1 (mpha i adde . ra is r ny am tit ibiiy n or. ' t 4e ss d) Thi o i ton i r ive i t da a s ar ç tr ne t r ul fo PFG' o g os s blga i s ele d f he m ge e f e mi d o es t r m de S wn r s ne i nc orwil'lm icond t' buti ot r s r quie t tSn Rus i m niy PFG- M d glge e lf u s uc s ' t he wie e r s ha m t nde f % f nd' PFG and hol hn ml s PFG a r l t d e ii ,i l ng c t û e ' de d r es nd e a e nttes ncudi usomer- f t pr cie s or he e s t s ofc am s a s re i t s lws t i udi t i pled wa r nt cai s I Thus whie ype l i s e td n hi a ui, ncl ng he m i ra y l m . d. , l t Cour i notas t dec de t i s t y a does no do s i a a s t t t e es he ts ked o i he s ue oda nd t o, t ppe r ha he xpr s i m nii to caus he ei s fce l br d t ti c d r quieSa Rus t i m niy PFG nde fcai n l e r s ufi inty oa ha t oul e r m t o nde f i t s a ood pr ded by Sn Rus f ie t c f he e f ovi m t al d o ompl wih a wa r i i i by l Thus y t ny rantes mpled aw. , i i uncla why i id i m nii a i woul e n be ne es a y t ma PFG whol .2I any ts er mple nde fc ton d ve c s r o ke e n 2 Beca e oft sbr i hi oad ndem nii i dut i t Agr e , t Cour i unce ai w hatSam fcaton y n he eem nt he us ts rt n Rus hopest accompls w ih ism oton.I f t Sa Rus ' la lt undert Agr em enti br de i t o ih t t i n ac , m ts ibiiy he e s oa r n sgnii nt r pe s t equiabl i m niy woul be.For exampl whie contac ual i i fca es ct han t e nde t d e, l r t ndemniy may t i l e pa nt o atr ys f e a c t (nd s h p yme t i c tmpae b t p ris ncud yme f to ne ' e s nd oss a uc a n s one ltd y he a te ' 8 eve ,no hi a nt t ng boutt f c t tt ca e i ve i ple w a r nt c a m s c nc s t s Co t he a t ha he s nvol s m i d r a y l i onvi e hi ur t tt e r l ofFi lt & De i s d nota y. ha h u e de iv post houl ppl 3 To t Ext ntPFG I Ar ng t A Vi eCl i t Equiabl he e s gui hat abl a m o t e I m nii i Can Co- s w ih a Cont acto I m niy, nde fcaton Exit t r f nde t t A rgum entIs Unpersuasve he i l lgh oft pa tes i pr c s nome aur r ga di çnde nika i ' s e s a a n i t he ri ' m e i e nclt e e r ng t m f ton,' e upr t i not 1 t Cour brel c i r wheherPFG' a glme sa ei iil bas no s muc on e , he t i ty onsde s t S r z nt r mplcty ed t o h a ditnc i be we t ofc am sorc es butr t ron t t pe ofi m niy bei s si ton t en ype li as , a he he y nde t ng ought . Thati ,pe haps PFG ' ar e i t t û quia e i s r S gum nt s ha t t bl ndem nik a i ' a c ola y t c r bu i e t ton,' or l r o onti ton, c co- xitwih a e e sco r c f i mnik ai e i i id c r cua i m niy an e s t n xpr s nta t or nde t ton, ven f mple onta t l nde t cnnnot. A lhoug i i f r f om cl r4 v i g ni l w does s e t r ogni a ditnc t h t s a r ea , ri a a e m o ec ze s si t Sndemniy' a t quia e i mniy.'The f me i g o i i t ' nd ç t bl nde t ' e or r s r unde i co r c prnc pls a i d n nta t i i e nd s quas- ta t li naur Cf Va Elc.& Po rCo.v.W is 277 S. 2d 1 ( .1 ) iconrcua n t e. . . e we lon, E. 49 Va 981 Ag e me hee ,i id o c mmon 1w i mniiai ge e al do s n t alw t rc ve y of r e nt r ) mple r o a nde fc ton n r ly e o lo he e o r atr y 'fe .Ha to d Ac .& l e Co.v.W il ms 29lF.Sup 1 ,1 ( . Va.1 68 .The to ne s e s rf r c nd m. li , a p. 03 06 W D. 9 ) onl way i whi i appe s t be mor lm ie t e t e i y n ch t ar o e i t d han quiabl ndemniy m i be i t Sam Rus i t ght s hat ts r ived ofany dut t i ele y o ndemniy i t damagesatis ar caus by PFG ' Egr sneglgence. ECF f f he s ue e ed S d os i ' ' No 2 a Ex A, 1 . tteeh v b e n alg to so go sn jie c h r b a y p rya d i . 9 t . ! 4 Bu h r a e en o l ain f rs e l n e ee y n at n ,n e g any eve ,equiabl i nt t e ndemnik a i woul be unavaiabl t PFG i l i f f ton d l eo s t s ound t be gr l neglgent o ossy i . Ca rv.Th Ho I .Co.46 S. 2 457 458( .1 95 ( q tbl ide f to i a i bl t a r e me ns , 3 E.d , Va 9 ) e uia e n mnikain s val e o a pa y who i wihoutpe s rt s t r onalf ul and becom esl l labl f damagescaus by t neglgence of a t egaly i e or ed he i a o h r. n te) 3W hite v. Ti s ve s I .61 F.Su p.1 5( . Va 1 5 ,b o htt t Cou tsatn i tl me a r. nc, 4 p 1 W D. . 98 ) r ug o he r' te ton d iga gu nt d sn c mp lac n rr r s t I W hite a he j dg o ti c r c ncu dta urn r me , oe ot o e o ta y e ul. n tl, not r u e f hs ou t o lde h t an i i c r of i mpled ontact ndemniy e ss whe e t e i an i i warant ofm er t xit r her s mpled r y chant lt 61 F. abiiy. 4 Supp.a 119.Ass i W hite r ns good l t um ng tl emai aw- and has notbee abr ed by Car as Sa Rus n ogat r m t cont - i does not gove n t out e her I W hill t r was no e ess i m nii i ends t r he com e. n t e, he e xpr nde tcaton pr si a t ef e t cour t had no occason t deci whet r a rghtt i i i ovi on nd her or he t hus i o de he i o mpled ndemniy t w oul silexit i t f e ofan expr si d tl s s n he ac es ndem niy pr son. t ovii 4See gener l Va. Pr c Pr d.Liblt j6: ( 01 ( ic sng aH on u i lneofc s lw' aly a . o a iiy 8 2 3) ds us i c f sng i ae a ' ta i lde Va. e & Powe Co. W is n, S. 2d 1 9( 1 ) Ca 46 S. 2 45 a dt e h t ncu s Elc. r v. lo 277 E. 4 Va. 981 , m 3 E.d 7, n h t va i d cso 'i Put HomeCo'. Pae .I c.57 S. 2 1 8,l ( . 3) a c ncudng û sve e iin' n le e l v. rnx n , 9 E.d 8 93 Va 200 , nd o l i p t l onl makes se e i equiabl i m niy,as ditnctf om contacuali hat aw y ns f t e nde t si r r t ndemniy,exit unde t ss r Vigni lw) ri a a . 9 (û- ditng s ng f t e ofi mniy i t ti mus ne esaiy gow o ofaconrc l tlhe si uihi eaur nde t s ha t t c srl r ut ta ma r ai hi ' .Ast t st ofi mniy ( c i as t t ge rly a is i t eltons p.) ' o hi ype nde t whih s lo he ype neal t sue n he s ey a co tuci ca e ctd by t pa tes,t Cour beivesi cl r( s tf t i t urt nd nsr ton s s ie he ri ) he t le t ea as e orh n he pr e ngs ton)t tt prncpl ofFi iy& De i s da y. ec di eci ha he i i e delt post houl ppl By co r t çe t bl i mnik a i ' se s fom e tbl prncpl s a ç rs ntas, çquia e nde t ton' tm r quia e i i e nd d ies a whe a pa t wihoutpe s na f ul,i ne rhe e s l ly la e f dn n ry t r o l a t s ve t l s egal ibl or mage c us d by t s a e he n g ie c o a o h r' Carv Th Ho I s Co.46 S. 2 45 , 8 ( .1 9 ) l s c a e lg n e f n t e . r . e me n . , 3 E.d 7 45 Va 9 5 . n u h ' c e,t imoc ntpa t c n t e ove fom t neglgen a t rf t a o mt pai t d s ha ge as he r e ry a i c r r he r i t c o or he m t s d o i c r t la lt ' l Addii ly,tapr r uiie t r c r bas d on e t bl i m nii ton i he ibiiy.' d. tona l t e eq st o e ove y e quia e nde fcai s t i talde e mi i n t tt neglgenc ofa t rpe s ca e t da he nii t r nato ha he i e no he r on us d he mage. 1 ' d. ' Some Vigi a c t a c t a yi Vigi a 1w ha r ogni d t e t t r ni ours nd ours ppl ng r ni a ve ec ze hes wo ypes o i d mn fc to Se . ..AI l s Co. .Ome aFlx. n .2 2W L 1 1 7 , t* ( . f n e i ain. e eg, U n . v c e l c, 01 1 9 91 a 4 W D. Va Apr 3, 201 (e ognii a ditnci u r Vigi a 1w bewt n f nta t l . . 2) r c zng si ton nde r ni a t e ç r cua co i mnik a i ' whih a ie by c r c ,a çe t bl i m nik a i ' c i e t bl i nde t ton, ' c rs s onta t nd çquia e nde t ton'whih s quia e n naur) RM L Co .v.Li ol W i t e; p nc n ndow Pr .l ,67Va.Ci.545,2004W L 3568223,a #15 ods. nc. r t - 1 ( .Ci.Ct De .3 2 0 ) (iig Carf rt e p o osto ta tth S p e Co r o 6 Va r . c , 0 4 ctn r o h r p iin h t l l e u rme u t f l V igi a ha r cog z t t c a m s f i r ni s e ni ed ha l i or ndem niy m a a i e i non- t a t l c s s ' a t y rs n con r c ua a e ' nd c lc i Vigi a cic tco ta hort nzi t tda tvepa sve i ole tng r ni r ui ur ut iy lng ha çc i / s i ndemniy' a he t r t ' not r e m f e tbl i or quia e ndemniy aiesbewe n pa tesfom equiabl consdeai l goPuleHo t- rs t e ri r t e i rtons; f t me Cor v.Paenxsl ,579 S. 2d 188 1 ( 2003)(e nii t tt Supr me Co tof p. r nc. E. , 93 Va. rcog zng ha he e ur Vigi a ha he d bot t ti mniy t tm us gr o ofa c r malr ai hi a t t r ni s l h ha nde t ha t ow ut ontac eltons p nd ha e t bl i m nii ton i a l e i Vigi a,butr f sng t r co ie t t c u i quia e nde fcai s vaiabl n r ni e u i o e nc l he wo onf sng hol ngs. di ) Bu e n i PFG ' a gum e w e e c t e as o e ta e ut be id mn at n t ve f S r nt r ons nz d n h t q ia l n e 6c i o 10 (eer dt i PFG' compli asûc r fre o n S ant kommo 1w i mniiai ' c n c e s wih a e e s n a nde fc ton' a o-xit t n xpr s ) i mnii ton pr so a i not pr c ude sm pl be a e a e e s c r c of nde fcai ovii n nd s e l d i y c us n xpr s onta t i mnik ai n e ss t Cour fnds s h a a g e unpe s sve.Crtc l a i t nde t to xit , he ti uc n r um nt r ua i iialy, ga n, he Cour c d nottnd a a hort hol ng t tt be tu unde Vigi a l w,a PFG hasct d t oul i ny ut iy di ha o r e r r ni a nd ie t none. l t d, t mor r as bl r e i t t t e e s pr so mus c r t o nsea he e e ona e ul s ha he xpr s ovii n t ontol he i mniy oblgai ns a las whe e, as he e, t i mni cai n pr son a a s t nde t i to , t e t r r he nde t to i ovii ppe r o contmplt t pr cie cai s a is i t lws t As e ane by t Supr me Cour of e a e he e s l m t sue n he a ui. xpl i d he e t Vigi a the pur e of a i mniy pr son i t pr detnni how potnta l s s r ni, s t pos n nde t ovi i s o e- e ne e il os e i ure durng t c s of a c r cua r ltons p wil be diti e bewe n t nc r d i he our e onta t l e ai hi l srbut d t e he potntal la epa te .' tsExp. nes l v.Choppe Exp.I ,641S. 2d476,479( e ily ibl ris'Ese Li . nc. r . nc. E. Va. 2007 .A pat i pemitd t i mniy is f ûa i t is own ne i nc , t oug a ) ry s r te o nde f tel, igans t glge elj hr h c r c ua pr son negotae a ar ' lngt wih a wilng i m nio 'I a 48 W he onta t l ovii i td t m s e h t li nde t n' d. t 0. n s h an i m nii a i pr son t ss i s d be e o ce Se i ;Fn r I .Exc uc nde fc ton ovii xit , t houl nf r d. e d. rme s ns hmm e v.En e .Le sng Co, 7 8 S. 2 8 2 8 6 ( . 2 1 (A p ry t a id mnfc to tr a i . 0 E.d 5 , 5 Va 01 ) ' a t o n n e iiai n t a re n i e t ldt e o c tea r e n a c r igt isa re tr .l(iai no te ) g e me t s ni e o nfr e h g e me t c o dn o t g e d ems' ctto mi d . t ' t For a l of t e r s , t Cour co l 1 hes ea ons he t nc udes t t t Par a 1 of t Agr em e ha he agr ph 4 he e nt be we n Sa Rus a PFG c r s t pa te ' rght as t i t e m t nd ontol he ri s i s o ndemnii a i a t t no fc ton nd ha dif r ntrg ss ul be i id,et rt ough i id c r t i mnik a i ort o h fe e i ht ho d mple ihe hr mple ontacual nde t ton hr ug eq tbl i mnii a i uia e nde tc ton. 11 1. C O N C LUSI N O Fort e r s ns t Cour co l hes ea o , he t nc udes t t Sa Rus ' m oton t di m i s ECF No.40, ha m ts i o s s, s d be GR ANTED a t tPFG' cli f Ec houl nd ha S am or çomm o 1 w i mnii a i 's d be,a n a nde fc ton' houl nd 11 t s m e he e i ,D I I he a r by s SM SSED W I PREJUD I . The r m ai ng c a m s i t FourhTH CE S e ni l i n he t Pary Compl i ,ECF N o.29,a eunafe t byt sOr r t ant r f ced hi de . The Cl r o t Cour i die t d t s nd a co oft sm e or ndtm o ni a e k f he t s r ce o e py hi m a l pi on nd ac ompa ngor rt a1 co elofr or c nyi de o l uns ec d. ENT ER : hs f *dyo s pe e, 0 3 T i f a f etmbr2 1 . Senl Unie St t Ditl tJ or td aes sr udge S l is Repl , Sa Rus f t a gues t t a cl m f equiabl i m nikaton i notvi e n t y m t urher r ha ai or t e nde f i s abl her because no fndi of neglgence has yet been m ade, a s a fndi i a pr equiie t an e i ng i nd uch i ng s er st o equiabl i t e ndem nii i cl m .Sa Rus t cont ,a cl m f equi e i mnik aton i not fcaton ai m t hus ends ny ai or tbl nde t i s y trpea dmus bedimisdwih tpeu c .S e. g.AI l . v. e i n t s se tou rj die e e. , U ns Co. Omeg Flx.n ,2 2 WL a e Ic. 01 l1 9 , t*3 ( . Va Apr 3,201 ( ie a ECF No.4 a 3 4) Bu s Le el3Co 1 791 a W D. . . 2) ctd t 6 t - . t ee v mmc's LLC n. v.W e b.l c.201 W L 21 26 a * ( D.Va J ne 1 ,201 )( c us Va. b n, 2 99 2, t 5 E. . u 4 2 be a e Codej 8. - ( ha 01281 A) s çelm i t t pr t i na ed he ocedur bart t r pary pr i t ot al o hid t actce hat henvie woul r ul f om t s t ntve r e s d es t r he ubsa i ul govem i ac ualof dervatve cl m s ... dervatve i ng cr i i ai , i i ndemniy cl m s m a now be as ered t he t ai y s t oget r wih te mai a ton u e Fe R. v. 1 ( )5 .Se Ko ' De tStr s l . Ta a tSor .l . t h n ci nd r d. Ci P. 4 a ( ) e hls p' o e . nc v. r e t es nc, 2 F.Su 2 67 6 n.0 ( D. 20 )(ppl ngFe R.Ci P.1 a Va Co j8. - t 90 pp. d 4, 89 2 E. Va. 03 a yi d. v. 4 nd . de 01281 o alw i e t cam çorpoe ta ft r la lt )' .I lg o isr ig he en t Cou tdo sno lo nd mniy li f tn il u u e ibiiy'.) n iht f t uln r i, he r e t ' addr st sa gum e . es hi r nt 12
]]>
Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You
should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.
This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google
Privacy Policy and
Terms of Service apply.
