Howard v. Semco Duct and Acoustical Products, Inc., No. 7:2012cv00452 - Document 65 (W.D. Va. 2013)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 8/16/2013. (eot)

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cb Rx' eF C; U : Ql e l E : FI R w r A OA i iV '' T N K ,A . . ' Fl kEn AU 16 2 1 C 93 I TH E UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FOR TH E W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI I A CT RG NI RO ANOK E DI VISI N O R O G ER LEE H O W A R D ,JR . , JUL . D BY; ' CL ERK C C i lA cton N o.7: 2c vi i 1 v00452 Pl nti , ai ff M EM OR ANDUM O PI ON NI SEM CO D U C T AN D A C O U STI A L C PR O D U CT S,I C . N , D efendant. By:Sam ue G . is l W l on U ni ed St esD i t ctJudge t at s ri Pl i ifRoge LeeHowa d,J .b i t sa ton pur ua t Til V1 oft Ci l antf r r r rngs hi c i s nt o te 1 he vi m ght Ac of196 42U. C.j2000eets q.(<-teVI',algi t tt defnda ,Se o s t 4, S. e , çlil I' le ng ha he e nt mc ) Duc a Ac usia P o ucs l c (1e o', u j ce hi t ah siewo kn e v r n n . t nd o tc l r d t, n .t mc ' s b e td m o o tl r ig n io me t S ) Ac or ngt Ho r hi s r s ra Se c di o wa d, s upe vio t mco r tney us d a 1mnnne ofpa e l ofe i ou i l e 1 r t nty f nsve lng g a omdS mc e ly e .S mc h smo e f rsl r u g n o f u g o n s a ua e r t e o mpo e s e o a v d o l mma yj d me t n o r r u d ; Ho r di note us hi ad i sr tver medisbe a e hedi no ve iyhi EEOC c r e; wa d d xha t s m nitai e e c us d t rf s ha g Howa d' EEOC c r de c i asngl i i nta no t b o pa tr o c nduc he r s ha ge s rbed i e nc de nd t he r ad te n f o t a lgeshe e;Howa d ha notesa ihed aprm af ci ca e ofahosiewor nge r le r r s t bls i a e s tl ki nvionme nt ba e on t sngl i i nti hi EEOC c r ;a t Fa ag rEle t a fr ai de e e s d he i e nc de n s ha ge nd he r he - l rhl fim tve f ns i ul t s Sem co fom la lt Bec us t c tfndst tHow r d' EEOC c r lm ist ns a e r i biiy. a e he our i ha s ha ge i t he s peoft saci t c tgrnt patals co hi ton,he our a s ri ummar j y udgme i t tnarow r s c.Howe r nt n ha r epe t ve , t ec u t ee t o fnd tibl q e to so f c o t erman e o S mc ' a g me t. h o r rj cs r i s ra e u si n f a t n h e id r f e o s r u n s Ac o dngy tec ur d nistebaa eo Se o' moin frs mmayj g n . c r i l ,h o t e e h lnc f mc s to o u r ud me t iSeeBtri onl us. Ic v Elet, 2 U.. 4 ( 9 8 ; rg e v. t o Bo aRao , 2 U. 7 5 llngt nd . n . . lrh 5 4 S 7 2 1 9 )Faa h r Ciy f c tn 5 4 S. 7 (9 ) 1 98. 1. Se c m a a tlesve ia i unis d t k,a sm ia goods Howa d sare m o nuf c tr ntlton t , uc wor nd i l r . r t td w o ki a Se c s Roa r ng t m o' noke m a ac urng pl nti 201 The s f oo a t Roa nuf t i a n 0. hop l r t he noke pl nt a wa safde tr l b maee ly e , 1 o ne ryalo wh m (n l dn Ho r)e g g di s tfe n iey y l mpo e s al r al l f o icu ig wa d n a e n t oullnguag hor e ay,a of- ol ba rng.'SemcoM ot Sum m . 5,ECF No.43. t f a e, s pl nd fc or dge i ' . J. Acc di t Howa d,on J 1 201 Howa d' s r i o a ked Howa d i heco d t ** or ng o r une 2, 2, r s upe v s r s r f ul t P ( Howadji t as.'EEOC Fii 1 ECFNo. 2.Ofe r n he s' lngs 0, 43- fnded,Howar frtc anedt d is ompli o Se co m a ge e i Roa ke. N e ,H o a d t i t l m na m nt n no xt w r red o odge a c pl i w ih Se c shum a om a nt t m o' n r s m c sde rmen a t compa sM is ihe dqua tr ,butnobody a we ed Howa d' e o e pa t t t he ny' s om a re s ns r r s f l pho c l . Fi ly,H owar s ntli w ie, a e t R i bm ond t fl a EEO C c r on otr ne als na l d e a s f M l k, o c o ie n ha ge hi be l.2 AnEEOC c e k t dM alk t ts c d fl ac r on Howa d' be l i s ha f l r ol e ha he oul ie ha ge r s haf f Howa d f xe t EEOC a lte gi ng he pe m isont do s Howa d f xe aper s i r a d he e tr vi r r si o o. r a d mison lte t t EEOC, alk fle outa sgnedt c r 1mde pe t ofperum ' andt etr o he M e ild nd i he hage G r naly t j ' i he ce k snmpedi 4 e ei d'on J 28,201 On J y 3,heEEOC dim is dt cha gea lr t t t c ve ' une r 2. ul t s s e he r nd sn Ho r aNoieo Rih s Ho r te fldti a to frd ma e ,nt t er l f e t wa d t f g t. wad h n ie h s cin o n g s ijmci ei , c v e a e t bl r le .Heha snc r i ne fom Se c nd quia e e if s i e esg d r m o. I I. Se co ar st tHow a d d d note m gue ha r i xhaus hi a i s r tve r m e e be a e t s dm ni ta i e di s c us Ho r swie a no Ho r hmsl, ine h sEEOC c ag u d rp n lyo p ru y wad' f , nd t wad i ef sg d i h r e n e e at f ej r . Fi ng no a ho iy f t pr ndi ut r t or he opos ton t tHow a d' w ie coul notfl a ve ii d EEOC ii ha r s f d ie rf e 2A c or ng t Howa d,hes hi wiebe us heG wor a t tmea duet tmeconsr i s' r ent s f ca e f was kzg t he i nd oi tant. ' c di o Howa dD e 1 ECF No. . r p. 6, 43-1 3Thec r i t sc ewa a EEOC Fo m 5. ha ge n hi as s n r 2 c geonhi be f t c tlndsnobassf gr i Se o' moto f s har s hal he our i i or antng mc s in or ummay r j d me t n ta go r 4 u g n o h t rul d. I f eflngs tunde Til Vl, pli ifmus e < or ii ui Be r te Ia antf t xhaus hls a nitai rmedi t iq dmi srtve e es b b i gn ac x ewihteEEOC. S t v. rfUnt Na' Bn 2 2F.d2 4, 47(t y rn ig hag t h ' mih Fis i tl nk, 0 3 3 2 4 h ' mCi. r 2000) TheEEOC c r mus t i wrtngunde oahorafr ton' a a ol el . hage tt n ii be r t fimai ' n bs ut y mandaor rquie nti t Fourh Cic t 42U. C.j2000e- b) EEOC v. lc a t y e rme n he t rui. S. 5( ; Appaa hin Po rCo, 6 F. 3 4 3 5( t Ci.1 7 ) s eas 2 C. R. 1 0 . (A c r es al i we .5 8 2d 5 , 5 4h r 9 8 ; e lo 9 F. j 6 19 ç hag h lbe n ç m ii a sgne a s l bevei d.) A c r i t rfe ' ni i ç wo. t or tng nd i d nd hal rfe '. hage s i iid'whe t s ' z o ' ve s n af med be or anotr publc,de i t r pr e ai oft Comm iso o ot rpe s fr f e ay i sgnaed e es nt tve he s i n, r he r on d y a hor z d b 1 w t ad i s e oa hsa f a know l m e s ors ul ut i e y a o m ni t r t nd nke c edge nt , uppo t d by a re n t wo d caaini wrtngt e p n lyo p rty. 2 C. R. 1 013 a .Th veys me ms m e lrto n i md r e at f eju ' 9 F. j 6 .() e r n i ' sau et ts t f rht t aho afr to 'r q ie n , 20 0 - ( , loe li st t ttt ha es o t he û t r fimain' e urme t j 0 e 5b) as xpan ha a o c a g ma befldt yo o A àz/l' pes n cami gt b a g iv d' j2 0 e 5b h r e y ie G r n c t --a ro li n o e g re e . 0 0 -( ) b tt / ' (mpha i a d) s as 29C. R.j1 . a (W c r t ta pes ha e ge i ori e ss dde ; ee lo F. 6017() I hage ha ny ron s nga d n s e ngag ng i a unlwf e pl i n n a ul m oymentpr tc wihi t m e ni oftteV1 ... aci e t n he a ng il 1 may bemade byo o be l ofa pe s cli ngt bea ive ' r n haf ny ron ami o ggre d. ). l t sc e i i t s e t tH ow a d' w i e a notHow a d, ii hi c r by n hi as , t s mdiput d ha r s f , nd r verfed s ha ge sg igi t e p nat of ru y.Bu i Se o sr a igo ter ls t t e iiaini i nn t md r e l pej r y t n mc ' e dn f h ue ,ha v rfc to s i ufk intbec us t pl i ifhi s fmus ac u ly ve iy t c r Alhough t r i ns t e a e he antf m el t t a l rf he ha ge. t he e s s t nta a hort f t pr ubs a i l ut iy or he oposton t ta c r m us i f c be ve ii t co tc n fnd ii ha ha ge tn at r fed, he ur a i no a ho iy f t pr pos ton t ta c r ,t ut r t or he o ii ha ha ge hough ve ii i a nuliy unl s t pl i tf r ted, s lt e s he a n i f 4S mmayj d me ti a p o raei, iwigtefcsi t l h mo t a o a l t teno mo i u r u g n s p rp it f ve n h a t n he i t s fv rbe o h n- vng g p ry teei n g n iedsuea t a ymaeil at a dtemo i p ryi ette t j d me ta amatro at,h r s o e un ip t s o n tra fc, n h vng at s ni d o u g n s te f l lw.F d R. v P. 6a; ltxCo p v Cart, 7 U. 31 , 2 -2 (98 ) a e . Ci. 5 ()Ceoe r . . tet4 7 S. 7 3 2 3 1 6. pe s ly doess Semc ct st a t r ona l o. o ie o n mpubls El ve h Cic tc e i s por ofis ihed e nt r ui as n up t t a g e t Fr v. us og Coun y Sc o l src,1 0F. px 9 0( 1h Ci. 0 5 .I Fr r um n : v M c ee t h o Ditit 5 Ap ' 8 1 t r 2 0 ) n v, - t pl n ifsa t ne sg t pli irsEEOC c ge< ti aFr w/ r ison M TM . he aitf tor y i ned he antf har t rci y pe m s i pa ' ' TheEl ve h Cic the d t tt pli ifsEEOC c gewa notve ii a t r or t t e nt r ui l ha he antf har s rfed, nd he ef e ha t pl i ifc d no m ant i he lws t Buti Fr ,u ie he e t pa t who fld t he antf oul t i an r a ui. n y nlk r , he ry ie he c r eddnotsg i ç rpe lyofpej f'orbya ot rmea s fce tf veikai ha g i in t % unde nat rur ny he ns ufiin or rt ton. Se M o . l J a 3 9F vv M u ç a eCn y S h. s.4: c 0 0 6( . Ga 2 0 ) l e tSl mm. . t , t . s o e t . c Dit 01 v 0 2 M D. . 0 3 . n , ot wor ,nobod ve ii dt EEOC c r e i Fr 5 her ds y rfe he ha g n y. I t a e e ofpr ce nto e n pe s i a ho iy,t c t sc tane t r ad n he bs nc e de r ve r uasve ut rt he our i onsr i d o e t a i a e s a t a a om pa ng r gul t onspl i y. Toge he ,t y e t bls no hi he pplc bl t m e nd cc nyi e a i a nl t r he s a ih t ng mo et n ()t aggivedparyors nea tngonhi be fmus fl ac r wiht r ha 1 he re t omeo ci s hal t ie hage t he EEOC bef ebrngngs tand( t c r mus beveiid.Se Buc v. mptn Twp. or i i ui, 2) he hage t rfe e k Hn o Sc Dit, 2, d2 6 2 n. ( dCi. 0 6 ( o igta a ivai c a g , ihte h. s 45 F3 5 , 61 4 3 r 2 0 ) n tn h t n n ld h r e wh c h pl ntf a tr ha fld on t pl ntf' be l,c d ha bee vald ha t al e ai irs to ney d ie he ai ifs haf oul ve n i d he tom y acualyve ii i) Hee, t l rfed t. r Howad' wietldac geonhi be l a s veiidt r s f ie hm' s hat nd he rfe he c r eb sg i i u d rp n lyo p rl y.Ac o dn l t ec u t e isS mc smo inf r hag y inng t n e e at f ejz r c r igy,h o r d n e e o' to o s mmayj d me to t t su . u r u g n n ha is e6 5TheElvenh Cic tr ac d t s er s ti Bute v. Gri.n .3 F. p' 7 ( 1hCi. 0 ) e t r ui e he he am e ul n lr efIc, 25 Ap x 48 1t r20 9 (oligta a al re ssg aueontepanifsEEOC c ag di n t aif tev rfc to rq ie n)bu h dn h t n ton y' in tr h litf h re d o stsy h eiiain e urme t, t t EEOC cha gei t tca es fr fom t s m ef def tasi Fr - iwasno ve ii atal.SeeEx. t he r n ha s ufeed r he a all ec n v t t rfed l 2o M o . u J Bulrv. ef I c,10 c 0l 7 ( D . . 0 ) t S mm. . te Gr it n . ; 7 v 9 8 N. Ga 20 8 . 6Thec tnotst t pumos oft v ik ain r r me i t pr ve e oye sfom bei f ce our e hat he e he ert to equie nt s o e nt mpl r r ng or d t rs o dt fiolu c ag s S eBaasv Lib nh l3 F.d 1 ,1 7(t Ci.1 9 (iTzep r o eo o ep n o rv o s h r e. e lz . e e ta, 2 3 51 5 4h r 9 4) t h up s f l v rtc t ni t p oe ttee o e fo ha igt rs o dt fioo sc ag s'.Th r i n idc t nh r ei ai s o r tc h mply r rm vn o ep n o rv lu h r e.) ee s o n iai ee i o ' o t tHowa d' c r t t EEOC w a fi ous ha r s ha ge o he s rvol . 4 1 11. Acc di t Howrd' c or ng o s ompli , ss pe viorr f r e t ot rSemco e oye sa ant hi u r s e e r d o he mpl e s f t he ,'ol soresa thi s n' pe s gr d hi c ot h,t d Howa d t f la ehi ,a t c s't d t i bou s o s ni, abbe s r c ol bi r o e lt m nd e ngag i ot rhi y ofensvea s xuai d be or Se ed n he ghl f i nd e lze havi . mco a gue t tHowa d c nnot r s ha r n ba ehi l ws ton abr d pa tr ofmic s s a ui oa te n s onductwhe hi EEOC cha ge i l d onl one n s r nc ude y dic e eac a nohi ofa lr rpr blm o br de pa tr Theco ta ee a gr nt s r t t nd nt ny a ge o e r oa r te n. ur gr s nd a s pa tals ri umma yj r udgme ont tnar is . nt ha row sue tl l f t lalgai madei f ma ltgain mus cor pondt t es tf rh i t- he acua le tons f n or l ii to t res o hos e o t n t a miitaiec a g . Ch c v Pau e tI s.4 9F.d 5 , 0 (t Ci. 0 5 .Fo he d nsrtv h r e' a ko . t x n n t, 2 3 05 5 9 4 h r 2 0 ) r ' i t nc a c a m wilEt ca l be ba r i t a i s r tve cha ge a l s one t pe of ns a e, l i l lypi ly r ed f he dm ni ta i r lege y di c i nai - s h a dic i i t y f itr t pr o e andt cli e m pas e a t r s rmi ton uc s s rm na or alle o om t he am nco s s no he t ype- s h a dic i i to i pa a be is 1 M or peri ntt t sc e,thealegai uc s s rm na i n n y nd neft . d. e tne o hi as é t l ton o adic e eac oracsi a a nita i c gei i ufi intwhe t pli ifs e nty f s rt t t n n dmi sr tve har s ns fce n he antf ubs que l ale sabr de pa tr ofm ic l ge oa r te n s onduc ' I t' d. He e,Howa d co i d hi EEOC c r et adicr t a t buthasgr r r ntne s ha g o s ee c , ounde hi lws t d s a ui on abr d pa tm ofco oa te nduc .Howa d' c r hi i a quesi nnar a t f trpa t r s ha ge, s ntke to ie, nd he o l- ge l te he f l d w ih t EEO C i s e t r ie t he n uppo tofhi c r c pl i ofone e nt hi s r s ' r s ha ge om a n ve : s upe vior s co me on J 1 201 Nopa tofHowar sEEOC flngsg ve a hi ofs m nt une 2, 2. r d' ii i s ny nt omebr de oa r pa tr ofwor a em ic te n kpl c s onduc ort tHo r t t ha wa d hough a o he co uc wasunlwf lo t ny t r nd t a u r i ppr it l f t Howa d hi s ft tfeddu i hi de ii t whe hefld hi na opra e. n ac r m el esii rng s poston hat n ie s c r ,he di nott nk t tpro i i n sa Se c we er a e t hi s r ior ssa e nt ha ge d hi ha i r nc de t t m o r elt d o s upe v s ' t t me . Ac r ngl t c tg a spa ta sl r j codi y,he our r nt ril lmmay udgme ont tnar is nt ha row sue. I . V l Se o' vi w, s d on t Jme 1 201 c n mc s e bm e he t 2, 2, omm e fom Howa d' s r ior nt r r s upe vs , H o a d ha no esa i he t e el m e sofhi prm a f ci ca e ofa hos ie w or ng w r s t t bls d hr e e nt s i a e s tl ki e r nvionme . Se c a gue t tHowa d hasnote t bls d t tt c nt m o r s ha r sa ihe ha he omm e wasunweco e nt l m , t ti wasbe a e ofH ow a d' s x,ort tt i ol t d i i ntw ass t i nty s ve e t a t r ha t c us r se ha he s a e nc de ufk e l e r o le t c tons ofHow a d' e pl e t O n e ch oft e el m e t ,t c tfndsa g ne he ondii r s m oym n . a hos e n s he our i enui d s u ef rajzy a dt e eo ed nisSe o' moinf rs mmayj d me t ip t o l n h rf r e e mc s to o u r u g n . r Bec us Ea e oye swor e r e i at r orc ton ofe pl a e <n mpl e' k nvionm nt s e m ondii m oyme , te nt Til Vl c e t ahosiewor ng e vionmentca e ofa ton. EEOC v.R & R Ve lr s 244 F. 1 r a es tl ki n r us ci ' ' ntze , 3d 33 338( h Ci. ) Toesa ihahosiewor nge r n basd o sx,apl nif 4, 4t r 2001. tbls tl ki nvionme t e n e aitf- e ly et ts o ta teo fn igc nd c ( )wa u wec me ( )wa b c u eo ( i) mpo e ç mus h w h t h fe dn o u t 1 s n lo , 2 s e a s f h s s x,3 wa s fce l sv r o p r a iet atrtec n iin of( s e l y n a d e ( ) s ufiinty e e e r e v sv o le h o dto s hil mp o me t n c e t a a i wor e r me ,a ( wasi a et ( s e oye 'Hoyl v. r ae n busve k nvion nt nd 4) mputbl o hi) mpl n' e Fri lne.LLC,650F.d 321 331( hCi. 1 . eghti r 3 , 4t r 201 ) A n ç m pl ç oyee i ha as e orot r s di c i i e aga ns t a e o: hi orhe e s r sd he wie s r m nat d i t bec us t s > r ge ri,ç f r t empl nde f but o ' he oyee' ge r he ors woul notha be n t vi i oft s nde , he d ve e he ctm he dici nai ' I ( i Smih v.Fis UninNa' Bn 20 F. 234,242( h Ci. s rmi ton.' d. quotng t rt o tl pk, 2 3d 4t r 20 0 s eas J n i sv. i o N. , 8 F.d6 6 6 5 9 (t Ci. 0 7 (x li n ta 0 :; e lo e nnz Unv. f C.4 2 3 8 , 9 - 6 4h r 2 0 ) e panig h t t q e to i f rajly .Asag nea nle a ioae icd n i no s fce t sveeo he u sin s o t ) r e rl l, n s ltd n i e t s t ufiinl e r r y pe va i t at rt c tonsofe oy e ,butte r m ey s rous'iolt d i i nt m a r sve o le he ondii mpl m nt txte l e i ' s a e ncde s y s fie Se Fa a he v. t o Bo aRao , 2 U. 7 5 7 7 8( 9 8 .Re ad e s t u fc . e r g r Ciy f c t n 5 4 S. 7 , 8 -8 1 9 ) g r ls,he s ve e a per a i el m e i ç nt s e i ly a ques i off c ' bec us i i m e ur d b0t e r - nd- v s ve e nt s ç qui e s nta l ton a t' a e t s as e h 6 fom t pli ifspoi ofviw,a fom t pe s tveof4 r s bl pe s i t r he antf nt e nd r he r peci ; ea ona e r on n he a pl n ifsposton,c i rng I l t cic sa s'' 1 aitf ii onsde i a l he r um t nce .' d. Her ,Se c a guest tH owar ha notes a i he t tt c m e w a un el om e, e m o r ha d s t bls d ha he om nt s w c t ti wasbec us ofHowa d' s x,o t tt iolt e ntw a s f inty s ve et at rt ha t a e r s e r ha he s aed ve s ufk e l e r o le he condii ofhi e oyme . Vi wi t r or i t lghtm os f a et Howa d,t tons s mpl nt e ng he ec d n he i t avor bl o r he c u t ic r sg n l ed s u e o alh e pr n s l s o tara o a l j yc udfn t t o r d se n e ti ip t s n 1 tr e o g . n h r, e s n b e ur o l id ha n t ss tofvu ga s xua pr poston,comi fom hi i e ae, t da s pe v s , s hi or l r e l o ii ng r s mm dit day-o- y u r ior wa unwelom e s fc e l s r eve i i o ai n,a be us ofHowar ss Acc di y, c , ufii nty eve e n n s l to nd ca e d' ex. or ngl tec u t e e Se o smoi nfrsl r j g n o t i g omd. h o r d nis mc ' to o l mmay ud me t n h s r t V. Se c c am st ti i e ild t t bt i oft Fa aa rEle t afr tve d e e. m o l i ha t s ntte o he neft he r he - l rh fima i ef ns Thec tfndst tq si off c f esa lt de e e a t ss oft pr ee ngs our i ha ue tons a t or t l he f ns t hi uge he oc di . W hiet e pl ye i diecl la ef a e pl l t m o r s r ty ibl or n m oyee' unlwf lhar s m e i t an s a ' u a s nt f he e pl ye wasneglg ntwih r pe tt t ofensvebe vi ,'i fe e rze a y'whe t m o r ie t es c o he f i ha or'çdif r nt t s ppl ' n he l har s as mentorgi t wih a s r ior Va e v.BalSt t Uni ,-- Ct-- 201 W L i naes t upe v s . nc l a e v. -S. .-, 3 3 5 2 , t* ( 01 ) Th frto tos r lsi t a a e o e i srcl l bl f rt 1 5 28 a 5 2 3 . e is f h e ue s h t n mply r s tit i e o he y a haasme ofas r io < n(hels r s rtkesatngi ee oyme acin.'J r s nt upe vs r < whe t upe vio a a bl mpl nt to ' #= ( u tn Bu l tnl d s.nc v. lrh, 2 U. 7 2 7 2( 9 8 Th s c n r l i t a q o ig ri o n u .l . Ele t 5 4 S. 4 , 6 1 9 :. e e o d ue s h t ng ha as me notc mi tng i at ngi ee oym e ta ton al wst e o rt ç ii t or r s nt ul na i n a bl mpl n c i lo he mpl ye o t tga e m a dla lt bys ng( )t tiexecs dr as bl c et pr nta pr l c rc voi ibiiy howi 1 ha t rie e ona e ar o eve nd ompty ore t a haa sngbe vi a ( t tt pl nifunr a ona yf l t tkea nageofa ny rsi ha or nd 2) ha he aitf e s bl aied o a dva t ny pr ve i orc r tveopporunii t twe epr de ' L ,z a * ( ii Fa aghe v. t o e ntve oreci t tes ha r ovi d. d t 6 ctng r r Civ f ' . Bo aRao 5 4U.. 7 , 0 ( 9 8 Th t s t ee ly rc na s r t eFaa he- lrh c tn, 2 S 7 5 8 7 1 9 :. a i,h mpo e a se th r c rEle t af m a i def ns fr tve e e. t t unde Ele t a Fa a r i i obvi l i pora whehe a a lge ha a s i a r l rh nd r ghe ,t s ousy m tnt t r n le d r s er s çupe v s 'orm e ey a c wor r.... I at* An e oye i a û upe v s 'i hei s r ior r l o- ke ' d. 7. ' mpl e s t r ior' f s s e mpowe e i o e f c a ii nii n cha i empl e sa u ,s h a hii frng,f ii t r d ç fe t sg fca t nge n t oym nt tt s uc s rng, ii a lng o pr omot ,r a sgnm e wih sg fca l dif r ntr s e esi nt t inii nty fe e e ponsbiii s orade son c usnga i lte , cii a i sgnika c ng i be is''1 ( uoi Ele t 524U. a 761. i f nt ha e n neft.' d. q tng lrh, S. t ) On t sis ,t r c d i rf wih quesi off c . ''er or doesnotconcusvel hi s ue he e or s ie t tons a t Ih ec d l i y de ons r t w he he H ow a d' s r s rw asa < upe v s ' asV a defne t tt r ; m ta e t r r s upe vi o t r i or' s nce i s ha e m whehe t alege ha as mentc m i t d i at bl empl m e a ton; t rSe o t r he l d r s ul na e n angi e oy nt c i whe he mc e r ie r s na e c r t pr ven a pr xe c s d ea o bl a e o e t nd ompty c r e ta ha as i beha o ;o whehe l o r c ny r sng vi r r t r Howar ' e s bl f ie t t keadva ageofa pr ntveorc r tveopporlnii t t d mr a ona y a ld o a nt ny eve i orec i tl tes ha Se op o ie .Ac o dn l ,h c u t e isS mc smo inf rs mmayj d me to te mc r vd d c r ig y t e o r d n e e o' to o u r u g n n h Fa aa - lrh a fr ai de e e. r herEle t fim tve f ns VI . Fo ter a o ssae ,h c u t a t lyg a t S mc smoi nf rs mmayj d me t r h e s n ttd t e o r p ri l rn s e o' to o u r u g n a and de est ba a e oft m o i n.7 ni he l nc he to EN TER : ugus 1 201 A t 6, 3. .' . . K ..' .'* '' , .. . ... , . w. X <. ' a v.z 1,; . ' yz , . yp z Z r .e UNI TED STA TES D I STRJ JUDG E CT 1Gi nt co tsr s uto oft is ,t cou tde esasm ootHowar spe ng m otonst srke. ve he ur ' e ol in he sues he r ni d' ndi i o ti 8

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