-RSB Dacre v. Fleming et al, No. 7:2012cv00055 - Document 28 (W.D. Va. 2012)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by Judge Samuel G. Wilson on 4/27/12. (tvt)

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CLERX' oFFl t. Dl eour : c: J8. sm A q7s .V T t(NoK: A ! FIï! tJ, -. ) I TH E UN I N TED STA TES D I STR I CO U R T CT FO R TH E W ESTE RN DI STRI O F V I G I I CT R N A RO AN O K E D IVISIO N AN TH O N Y DA C RE , Pl ntf ai if, V. UNNAM ED DEFENDANTS, Def endant s. ) ) ) ) ) ) ) APR 32 2 1 02 J A ULI BY; t ,L ERK . C Ci lA cton N o.7: vi i 12cv00055 M EM O M N DU M O PI I N N O By:Sam ue G.W is l lon Unied St esD i ri Judge t at st ct Thi i a a tonunder42U. C.j 1 bypli ifAnt Da e,a i t a Ke n s s n ci S. 983 antf hony cr n nmae t e M ounti Core tonalCe e ( nM ounan , oce di ts a i tdef nt,Flmi an rci ntr Kee ti) pr e ngprp e gans enda s e ng, Re nol , ic l W is R a c i f ,H ogge Br nt a Gr n,a 1cor e t o lof i e s o y ds M t hel, l on, t lf e , ya , nd ee 1 r c i na f c r r ofiil a eihe Ke M ounti orLa e evil Core tonalCe e ( wrnce le .Thi fcas t t r en an wrnc le rci ntr La e vil) s matri b f r t ec u t nDa r ' moinsf rp ei n r ij nci er l f( No. )a d te s eo e h o r o ce s to o rlmia y nu tv ei ECF 1 n e f atmpo ayr tani or r( No.1 .Da r a kst c tt o de hi ta frt or e r r esr i ng de ECF 0) ce s he our o r r s r nse o a herf c lt S oft sr on' a t i s a or r E r a ni t hi m a lbe ng s ta not a iiy ç out hi egi ' nd o s ue n de i t i ng o s i i en s pe wela gi nt g ml'Thec tdiece t W adena Kee M ount nt r s l s ve o hi . ' our r td he r t n ai o e pond,a hedi nd d s i a tm e y m a r a e s on i l nne .D cr oughta r ce ve a e ens on tm e t r pl t t W a de s nd e i d n xt i i o e y o he r n' r pons . Tha e e i ha l s nce pas e a D a r ha s ilnotc es e t xt ns on s ong i s d, nd c e s t l ount r d t e de e e e he vi nc s it b t W a de Acc di y, he c t esD a r sm otons ubm ted y he r n. or ngl t our deni c e' i . 1. D a r i a i a e a K ee M o a n. Dac e s a e t the ç as g a c e s n nm t t n unt i r t t s ha ç w r bbed a t n s tof nd he or lf e a dr gged a r s t pa ki l ' by a unna e pe s w he he a r ve a Kee i t d nd a c os he r ng ot' n m d r on n ri d t n M o t i t tfvecore tona ofi e sve baly t eaene hi i t tteme c sa fde e un an; ha i r c i l fc r r l hr t d m l ha h dial t f ni d 1Specik aly, Dacr alegest toneguar t eatned t br hi e as es,t ee guar t l e l ha d hr e o eak s yegl s hr ds t eaened t atack and sri hi i he di notdo whatt y s d, and one gua d t d hi t he tbeter hr t o t tp m f d he ai r ol m hat i t bec r f l ( he mih wa e u wihar pea o d ( s ne k' n as e Da r i hec db r w ae u, or ) g t k - p t o r un hi) c 'a d k d c e f oul oro hm hi ta s u a e u ee tia ne v si lt n ( i s rn c tn o s lcrc l r e tmu ai TENS u i a d wakngc n , t a h h s o ) nt n li a e2 h t e a . notha as d howersnc hi a va a Ke M o an bec us t r a eno ha a l i t i e s ni l t en unt i a e he e z ndr is n he s howe s a t tKe M ount n ofi i sa ei t re i wih hi i om i a out ng mai. r ' nd ha en , ai fcal r n e f rng t s nc ng nd goi l Ase de e oft ri e f r e,Da r saest thewr et t i vi ua si J r a vi nc hei nt re enc c e t t ha ot o wo ndi d l n anua y nd ne t roft hasr ponde t hi l tr .Ac or ngt Da r t e i vi st l ys' ihe hem es d o s ete s c di o c e, hes ndi dual d wa ' a r pond a t f ctt thehasnotr c ve anyr s ns i caest tKee M ount n ofii l es nd he a ha e ei d e po e ndi t ha n ai fc as a e i e f rng wih hi m a l D a r a s alege he ne dstea m e f a hea û ound' t tfr t r nt r e i t s i. c e l o l s e r t nt or ds w ' ha i s ne dst beS ag ed'wih a ix-a orM RIg )CAT s n,( )s t ng.' e o l nos ' t n l ry di or ca or omehi ' Da r mo df rapr l n r ij n to o F b zr 3 2 2, n o Fe r ay 1 te ce ve o ei ay nu cin n e n ay , 01 a d n b u r 0,h mi cou to der d t W ar n ofK ee M ount n t r pond t D a e' m oton w ihi t nt da . r r e he de n ai o es o cr s i t n we y ys On Fe ua y 28,201 t W a de fl ar s br r 2,he r n ied e pons whih i udedt a fdavisofL.Flm i e c ncl he fi t e ng, As it ntW a de of Ope a i a K e M o a n, nd L. Phi , ur i Su r i ora Kee ssa r n r tons t en unt i a C. pps N s ng pe v s t n M o a n. A c or ng t Fl m i s a t da t D a e m ade no c pl i s r l t d t hi unt i c di o e ng' fi vi, cr om a nt e a e o s alegai prort flngt l ui ( hassnc fl t i onna co antl i t l tons i o ii he aws t he i e ied wo nf l mpli s;nmaes as i d t s r ga i ar of er d t opporuniy t s w ert ee tm esa w e k, a r ha sgne o eg e ton e f e he t t o ho hr i e D ce s r f ed t s e snc s e i on D e em be 31 2011, nd a pl s i c ri pr de i a e us o how r i e how r ng c r , a a tc hai s ovi d f n i a e i una e t sand f a s er a D a r s ood t ki t Fl m i f t nt m i e nm t s bl o t or how ; nd c e t al ng o e ng or we y nut s a c i bed ont a s nk t r m ove a pi ce ofpa r c rng t lghti hi c lwihouts nd lm o i o e e pe ove i he i n s el t howi ng vi i e pa n ordi t e s Acc di t Phi 'a fdavi, e ber oft m e c s a fha s n sbl i sr s . or ng o pps f i t m m s he di al t f ve ee s meAA ba tre (hi c o te is t s omme ti alg dl r ltdt Ke n Mou an' c fs a i ofab te p n s le e y eae o e nti s on ic ton a tr op rt dme c l viefo Da r ) e ae dia de c r m c e . 2TEN S i t us ofel t i curentpr s he e ec rc r oduced by ade cet s i a et nerv f t apeutc vi o tmult he es or her i pur es. Dacr alegest the needst TEN S uni and wal ng ca f hi tdiabiiy.'D a e pos e l ha he t ki ne or s i s lt ' cr a a e l ha alwe ba kij r an sae t a hei E u s dt bei awhe lh i'b tt thet t pp rnty s o r c n u y d tt s h t s G ppo e o n s ec ar' u ha ç s ge by' usng awal ng cane,m edi i and hi TENS uni. ' i ki caton, s t 2 Dac es ta wal wihoutvi i e pan o dite s t i tt i na docordicontnued r qua nd k t sbl i r sr s , he nsiuto l t s i Dac e' pe m i son t us a c ne be us he w a a et w a k w ihoutone D a r t i r f s d r s r si o e a ca e s bl o l t , c e w ce e u e ne ba t res f hi TEN S uni,t doc o dicontnued D ac e' TEN S uni bec us D a r ha w te i or s t he t r s i r s t a e ce d pule t el c r wi e outoft pac ,a D a r r f e a x- ay ofhi s ne. On M a c 8, l d he e t ode r s he ks nd c e e us d n r s pi rh 201 D a r m ove f a e e i oftm e t r pl The c ' gr nt d D ac e' m oton f a 2, c e d or n xt ns on i o e y. oul a e t r s i or n ext ns on a or r d hi t r s e i nd de e m o e pond w ihi t n days D a r ha s t ne . c e s oughtbutnotr e ve t o ec i d w a tona e e i .3 ddii l xt nsons ll. The c tw a c our s once ned,s e ng Dac e' a l ga i t the w a una e t s e a r ei r s le tons ha s bl o how r nd t tprs ofi i l c i c t d a m e c de ce he nee d, ha pr m ptac i m ay ha bee ha i on fc a s onfs a e di al vi de t t o ton ve n ne s a y. A c r ngl t c tor r d t W a de a K e M o a n r pond. The W a de ce s r co di y, he our de e he r n t en unt i es r n di s pr di m e c r cor a a f da t f om pr s of i i l r f i D ac e' d o, ovi ng di al e ds nd f i vis r ion fc a s e utng r s alega i . The c tga Dac e n pl opporuniy t r pl buthe ha notdone s 4w j j l tons our ve r m e t t o e y, s o, uca ma s s t nga t me is.Thec tagee wiht dee nt a t sj t et t y ay omehi bout he rt our r s t he fnda s t hi uncur ha 3Dacr hasal fl a m oton t a aspl ntf i t smatera f l i at w ho alo e so ied i o dd ai if n hi t elow nm e s com pl nshe hasbeen deni m edi car Dacr hasnotaleged t t sf l i at wasdeni ai ed cal e. e l hat hi elow nm e ed m e calc e asapar oft s Etansac i oroc r di ar t he ame çr ton curence,' 'Feder Rul ofCi lPr al es vi ocedur Rul e e 20 a( )A) n i t r a y r a o o t efceo hi moi t beiv t ti t ec s Ac o digl t e ( )1( , or s he e n e s n n h a f s ton o le e ha s h a e. c r n y, h cour deni Dacr sm oton t amend hi com pli . t es e' i o s ant 4Thec u tor ed Dacr t r pond by Apri 16, 2. Da r ha fldt mo ins( 26 e o es l 201 o r der c e s ie wo to ECF , 27 t e tndt sflngde d i .Healg t tagu r rmo dhi p e a e r s ns fom hi c l, ) o xe hi ii a lne le es ha a d e ve s r p r d e po e r s el t thi arhrtspr ha s t ii event hi fom wrtng,and t he hasbe deni wrtng s i Thecour not s m r ii hat en ed ii upples. t es, ho v r t tDa r wasa et s bmit e s paaeha wrte moton : wo o Ap i 9( No. we e ,ha c e bl o u t hre e rt nd itn i s t n rl ECF 25, 26 a on o Aprl1 ( No. . By ma n t s s bmison r t rt nars e, ceha ) nd e n i 6 ECF 27) kig he e u s i s ahe ha e pons Da r s def ed hi own ar eat s gument A c di y t cour fndsno m erti hi motonst e end t r pons . cor ngl he ti i n s i o xt he es e deadlne. i Da r ha et rf ie t s c e s ihe a ld o how t the i lkel t s c ed ont m e isorf l t s ha s i y o uc e he rt aied o how hei s lkeyt s frirpa a eha f e hcli a de e hi motonf i unci r lefs i l o ufe re r bl nn or ac am nd nis s i or nj tve ei . P ei n r ij n tv r l fi a e ta r iayr me yt a c u t s o l a py r l ay n u cie ei s n xr o dn r e d h t o rs h ud p l mi e s rngl Die Ir l Lt v.Bra hr pai y. rx sae. d. e kt ouchM e Cor ,952F. 802,811( h Ci.1 ) As d. p. 2d 4t r 991. ap ei n r ij n to tmp r rl af r sa e ta r iayr me y b f r til h t a b r l ay n u cin e o a iy fo d n xr o dn r e d eo e ra t a c n e mi g a tdpe ma e tya trtiltepa t s e igtep ei n r ij n to mu t e n tae rn e r n n l fe ra,h ry e kn h r l a y nu ci n s d mo srt: mi ()byaçcea s ng,'ha hei lkel t s c dont meisa ti ;( t thei lkel t 1 sl r howi 't t s i y o uc ee he rt t ral 2) ha s i y o s frir paa ehann i t a e eofprlmi r r le '( t tt balnc ofequiistpsi ufe re rbl n he bs nc ei nay eif 3) ha he a e , te i n hsfvo ; n ( )t a a ij n to i i tep b i itr s. itrv Nau a Re . f Co n i i a r a d 4 h t n n u cin s n h u lc n ee t W n e . t rl s De . u cl . l ,555U. 7,20( ) nc. S. 2008 .Thec tfndst tDa r ha no s tsidt W i e t ta our i ha c e s t aife he ntr es nd, teeo e d ne h smoi nf rp ei n r ij n tv rle wih u p eu ie h r fr , e is i to o rlmiay nu cie eif t o t rj d c . Da e cl i st the w asdeni va i m e c lt e t e s A c or ng t t Phi ' cr a m ha ed rous di a r a m nt . c di o he pps a fda t m edi ls af e i d D a r on s ve a oc as o ,a doc or or e x- a f hi f i vi, ca t f xam ne ce e r l c i ns nd t s der d r ys or m butD a r r f e D a r alo r ques shi TEN S uni ba k, hi of i a s t f om hi a t c e e us d. c e s e t s t c w ch fci l ook r m fer hehadpuledt wiesoutofi.Phi Af. 8,ECFNo.1 2. l tadoft suni,ofiil l he r t( pps f! 3- ) nse hi t fcas pr dedhi wihpanmediai ( ppsAf.!15. Da r camshene ac or ovi m t i c ton. Phi f ) c e li eds ane whe l hart wal Acc di t t Phi 'afi vi,me be soft medi lsa fha s e e c i o k. or ng o he pps fda t m r he ca tf ve e n Da r s ta wak a ound wihoutac ne a wih no vii epan ordites . Ac or ng t c e qua nd l r t a nd t sbl i sr s c di o Fl m i s a f da t he s w D a e s a f t e t m i esa c i b ont a s nk t r m ove e ng' f i vi, a cr t nd or w n y nut nd lm o i o e pa rc rngt lg i hi c l wih novii epan ordite s Gi nt unc r di d pe ove i he i ht n s e l t sbl i sr s . ve he onta de 5PerDacr s, ( o .oAme d 1 ECFNo. 2)t ec u t s se wi ou prj c al li e' M tt n , 1 , h o r dimis s t t eudie l cams h r atng t event t toccur ed atLawr vil and al cl msagai tdef nda sHogge, Bl nt a el i o s ha r ence le 1 ai ns e nt ya , nd Gr e whi noi t ta y cam f ij cier le r ltngt Da r si ion n a La e c vil e n, l tng ha n li or n un tv eif eai o ce' mprs me t t wr n e le e woul be moot d . e denc of er d by t def nt ,Dac e hasnots n he i lke y t s ce o t m e isa vi e f e he enda s r how s i l o uc ed n he rt t til ra . Da r as alg sta h wa s b e tdt c u l n u us a l n c ndto sb n t c e lo l e h t e s u j ce o r e a d n u li g o i n y o e vi i s e i f s ver lm ont . l a e i s gr ga i a e a l how rng or e a hs nm t s n e e ton r lowed t s e t e tm esea h o how r hr e i c wee Da r ha r f e t s wersnc Dec mbe 3l 201 ( e ngAf. 6, No.1 1) k. ce s eus d o ho i e e r , 1. Flmi f ! ECF 3- . H e f r he co pl nst he c nnots u t r m ai hat a howe wihoutha r l i pl ce; eve ,t prs r t nd ais n a how r he i on pr desaplsi c rf anyi t whoi una et sa whies werng.Flmi ovi a tc hai or nmae s bl o tnd l ho i ( e ng Afi vi !6. Gi t unc rditdFlmi afda tDa r hasnots wnhei lkel t tda t ) ven he onta ce e ng fi vi, c e ho si y o s ce d on t m e is a ti l uc e he r t t r a . D a r c pl i ofve ba t e t by K e n M ount n of i i s er lha as m e ora c e om a ns r l hr a s e ai f c al .V ba r s nt t e tbyaprs ofii i a ofis l doe notsaeac tt i lde i tonunde j1 hra ion fcal n nd tef s tt onsiutona prvai r 983. He lev. s No.05nse Lewi, 6768,2005W L 2888220,a *1( hCi. t 4t r 2005)( unpubls d)(ii ihe ctng Coli v.Cu y,603F. 825,827( 0t Ci.1 ) Dace' al ai ofhaasme a lns nd 2d 1 h r 979). r s leg tons r s nt nd t ea s w ihoutm or ar unlkel t s e d on t m e isa t i be us he hasf ie t sa e hr t , t e, e i y o ucc e he rt t ral ca e a ld o tt a c ai f a co tt i l m or ns iutonaldeprva i i ton. Da r camst t wa s be tdt e c siefr ewh nh wa S r g e 'a r s te c e li ha he s u j ce o x e sv o c e e s l a g d' c o s h d pa ki 1 upon hi a rva a K e M oun a n.6 D acre doe nota l ge t the i lke y t be r ng ot s r i l t en ti s le ha si l o S a d' a i a t ha f ie t s t gge ' ga n, nd hus s a l d o how he i lke y t s f ra f t rha m . dr s i l o uf e ny ur he r Fi ly, a e alegeshe wasdeni d i om i and out ng m ai. H e bas s t e na l D cr l e nc ng goi l e hes a l ga i on t f tt thi f i le tons he ac ha s rendsha notr s ve e ponded t hi J nuar l ter . Hi e de e i o sa y e t s s vi nc s s c a i a bes . pe ul tve t t 6Th c ur noest tba e o Da r sd s rp inoft e n ( û sg a e a te s r o e o t t ha s d n ce' e c ito he ve t he G r bb d nd h n o t f wa lfe a d drgg d a r s t p r n 1 ' ,i a e r t t t idi dua who t r g d'hi wa itd n a e c os he a kig ot) t pp a s ha he n vi l ' l a ge ' m s d atemptngt cary hi i o t i tt i t i o r m nt he nsiuton. 5 111 . Bas d on t f e ng, he co ttndst tDac e c nnots t s y a1 f pr e he or goi t ur i ha r a a i f 1 our ongsoft he W i e ts andt i note il t ij tver if7 Ac di y,hec t ni t moto ntr e t hus s ntted o nunci ele . cor ngl t our de es he in frp ei n r ij n tv rle a dtemoi nf r tmp rr r sr i n o d r o r l ay n u cie eif n h to o a e o ay e tanig r e . mi . y; X p. ; . , V 'e ' EN TER :A prl27,2012. i , . / D STA TES DI STRI J D GE CT U 1Ftrher alhough Dac e s r eeksatansert a dif r f lt , hehasno consiutonalrghtt r f o f e ent aciiy lt y t tt i i o beho e a a ypa t lrfciiy He t v. l ,45 U. 46 468( 98 ; e c um v. no 427 us d t n ri a a l , wit Hems 9 S. 0, cu t 1 3) M a h Fa , U. 21 2 ( 976 , ndt c t n r ly la st op rto o p ionst p io o fcaswhe n S. 5, 24 1 ) a he our ge e al e ve he e ain f rs o rs n fiil n o consiutonalrghti atisue.Cr v. t ,4 U. 31 3 ( 972 .Ac or ngy, c espeiinf r tt i i s s uz Beo 05 S. 9, 21 1 ) c di l Da r ' tto o - wrtofm andamusr i equesi t cour or rhe betans ered i deni tng he t de r f r s ed.

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