-RAM Douglas County v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security's Federal Emergency Management Agency et al, No. 3:2009cv00544 - Document 42 (D. Nev. 2011)
Court Description: ORDER GRANTING 25 Motion for Reconsideration. Signed by Judge Robert C. Jones on 3/16/2011. (Copies have been distributed pursuant to the NEF - DRM)
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' : : I E v. . ' ) p i j . ' ; ( 2 ( 3 i i j ! ' 4 : . 5 ' 6 UNI TED STATES DISTRICT CO URT 7 DI STRICT O F NEVAD A . ! : : 8 DOUGLAS cot 'v mr 9 pj i(f, a n ir I 0 vs , 11 ! ' FEDERAL EMERGENCY MANAGEM ENT l AGENCY et . 2 aI, ' E i l 3 i 1 5 3:9- v- 544- - M 0 c 00 RCJRA ORDER ' 1 4 ! De e n s f nda t . ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) Thi ca earssou oft Fe r Emege yMa ge ntAge y s( FEMA ) s s ie t he deal r nc na me nc ! ; : 1 is a e ofal edl d e tve fo m a . Pl n ifDou asCo y ha f ld a M oton f 6 s u nc l eg y ef c i l od ps ai tf gl unt s ie i or i ' l Re onsd ai ( No. )i r pon et teCour' dimis loft c us ofa ton,For 7 c ierton ECF 25 n es s o h ts s sa wo a es ci -RAM Douglas County v. U.S. Department of Homeland Security&#039;s Fede...y Management Agency et al i Doc. 42 18 t r he easonsgi her n,t Cour gr s t moton. ven ei he t ant he i ' 19 1. FACTS AND PRO C EDU R AL H I STO R Y 2 0 Un rt Natona FlodIs a eAct($ A',FEMA i ch r dwihcrai food de he i l o n urnc t NFI ' ) s age t e tng l 21 i n ur c r ema . e42U. C.jj401 41 .FEMA dee n baefoodee ton t s an e at ps Se S. 4, 01 tnnies s l lvai s o 2 ce et s map S 4 C. R.j5 1 W il Cr gFu t i aFEMA Admi srt , d 2 rat hee s. ee 4 F. 9.. li am ai gae s nitaoran : 23 W ilam R.Bl on Jr i t Chi ofFEM A ' Engi i M anagementBr li ant . s he ef S neerng anch. 24 FEM A began i tgatng tood I s i D ougl Count i I e 2003 oreary 2004. nves i i l evel n as y n at l i i ! 25 ( Complj4, t 1 20 ECFNo.1.OnAprl4, .I Sep. 7, 09, ) i 2008,FEMA is e pr sona Flod su d ovii l o i i ! I I Dockets.Justia.com ' ' l Is an eRaeMa (: RM' f Dou asCount (#.l .FEMA publs disbaefood n ur c t ps çFI ' or gl ) y./ j5) ihe t s l @ 2 el i det m i i i t Feder Regit . I alo pu ihe t e d t nni tons i t evaton er natons n he al ser t s bls d h e e na i n he ! 3 Nev Appeal a new s ada , paperpubls i Car on Ciy,N evada,on M ay 27 and June 3,2008. ihed n s t ! 4 ( .Dimis Ex. ECFNo.11.Afe t sc pu i ton,Pl ntf ha ni t ( )da s Mot s s, 3, ) tr he e ond blcai ai if d ney 90 y : 5 t ap al o FEM A . The ls da Pl n ifc d ha e a pe e wa Se e be l orSe e be 2 o pe t a t y ai tf oul v p al d s pt m r , pt m r ! 6 i t LaborDay holday wer excl f he i e uded. H ow ever w hen Pl ntf asked FEM A engi , ai if neerErc i ! 7 Si m ons when t appealperod w oul expie, Si m onsi or m he i d r m nf med Pl ntf t t I tday i ai if hat he as t ' 8 c da al Sepemb 3.( c r l De . 2, No.l ) oul ppe was t er Musaela cl! ECF 6. 9 Pli ife nd d ap o ma ey $ 00 t ob an s t r t rvi FEM A' mod s antf xpe e pr xi t l 30, 0 o t i ofwa e o e ew S el I : i . ! ' I an tnsoft a ofd lr hii con ula st r viw FEM A' d er na i .( 0 de hous nds ola s rng s tnt o e e S et mi tons Compl . ll ! 6,l) Pli ifs n a a pe t FEMA onSe emb r3, ! 2 . antf e t n p alo pt e 2008met t FEMA safi wih tf n I J nuay 2009t dic si.(J.jl -8 .TheFEM A sa fde i dt a Pli ipss gge td 2 a r o s us t f j7 ) t f clne o dopt antf u se : ; l c rci s (d.l .OnAprl2, 3 ore ton .1 j8) i 2009, FEMA s n Pl nifal tri or n Pli ift t e t aitf ete nf mig antf ha l 4 FEM A beleved isori nalm apsw er t mos accur e and r i t gi e he t at espondi t Pl ntf crtci s. ng o ai ips ii sm : i ' l Th I tri or d Pli ift a iha sxt ( da t r s on (d.! 9 . 5 e ete nf me antf h t t d i y 60) ys o e p d, 1 ) i ! . 1 6 i l Pan if loc na tdFEMA vaem ai and t ephone and event l agr t m eetw ih 7 litf as o tce i l el ualy eed o t i 18 FEM A on Augus 4, 2 t r ol t is swi t map .f ! l .Ho e r o J y 23, ' t 009 o es ve he sue t he s (#. 0) w've, n ul h E ! l9 2009,FEM A isued isGnaldet m i i I t r di t FI . The I t i or ed s t er naton eter egar ng he RM eter nf m I 20 Pl ; i l Ma 2 n y 009,Pl n ifr s nde t FEM A , ai c l n n ispr pos d map . ai tf e po d o ag n hale gi g t o e s - antf t tisonl r i ngpr e sfrc esi t ma swa tmel j di a rviw.f. i if ha t y emani oc s o ont tng he p s i y u cil e e (# zl j jj j ) . ; i i 22 Despie FEM A , fnaldet m i ton l t t pa te at de t Au t4, t si er na i eter he ris ten d he gus 2009 j 23 me tng.Ac or n t Pl n if FEMA sa fa e t tFEM A' ma ha d iincisa d ei c dig o aitf, tf gr ed ha S ps d efce e n ! 24 t FEM A had notpr l coor nat w ih Pl ntf . Pl ntf r hat opery di ed t ai if ai if equesed t FEM A r ci t hat es nd , ' ! 1 25 isGna deer nai butidi no rs ndt t trqu t(d ! 1 . t l t mi ton, t d t e po o ha e es.1. 2) i i i : I j g oj j ugq w y I i ! . ' ! I i I ! i ! . 1 OnSe e rl 2009 Pli ifs dFEMA,Fug t,a Bl t f ij nci a ptmbe 7, , antf ue ae nd anon or nu tve nd ! i ! 2 d art yr ifun teAdmi srtv Prc rsAc (f 'ont eec us ofa ton: ecl aor el der h e nitaie o edue t ( APA' hr a es ci ) k ' 3 (/X2)Vi ai soft Pr e al quiemensofNFI a d()Vi ai ofte I olton he oc dur Re r t A; n 2 oltons h : i ! 4 Su sa tv Re urme t o NF A.Dee d n mo e t ds s .Th Co r g a tdtemo i b tnie q ie ns f I fn a t v d o imis e u t rne h t on i ! E 5 i p tdimisn t Grtt c ussofa tonbe au et aitf a ttdjta t Cour n ar, s s ig he s wo a e ci c s t nif dmile h t he pl t ! 6 cannotr ew f pr evi or ocedur def s.'(eeOrerl 5 J e9 20l ECFNo. ) The al ect 'S d 2:-6, un , 0, 20 . l 7 Cour r us t di i t t r causeofacton,becaus Pl ntf aleged f l e t tm el t ef ed o sm ss he hid i e ai ips l aiur o i y ! 8 a ea wihi FEMA wasnotaj idi i lb r an i a yc s tmewa e t yt l pp l t n urs ctona a, d n n a e i s qui ol abl ed 9 and/ wai because Pl ntf had Gl t appealw ihi t tm e lm i r es ed t hi by or ved ai if ed he t n he i i t epr ent o m , ï . : 1 FEM A ,a d FEM A ha a c pt d a c s de e t e a l ge y I t a al Fi ly,t Co t 0 n d c e e nd on i r d h le dl a e ppe . na l he ur E l r e t a t t r c s ofa i s vie t eRul I ( ( )c ln Pl ntf a kst Cou t l uld h t he hid au e cton ur v d h e 2 b)6 hale ge. ai if s he r : I t r 2 o econsderisdim i aloft Gr tt o caus ofacton. i t s ss he s w es i i ! 1 1 3 1 LEG AL STAND ARD S i : 1 4 A motont al ora ndaj gme mus bema wihi t nt ei ( )da of i o t cr me ud nt t de t n we y- ght 28 ys 1 1 e r ofj men.Fe R. v.P.5 e.Hee t Cour e ee t or ronJ e9, 0 5 nty udg t d. Ci 9() r,he t ntrd he de un 20l , ; r 1 a Pl n ifGl t e pr s tmoton t re da lt ro J ne 22, 0, Th r f e t 6 nd ai tf ed h e en i hit en ys a e n u 201 e e or he i E ( 1 mo i t r c ieri tmel u erRul 5 e an wilbec sde e un rt tr ea 7 ton o e onsd s i y nd e 9() d l on i r d de ha ul s 1 o e t Rul 60 b) Am.lon ksdrEr tr ,l .v NLAm.Cont.Cor ,2 F. 8 8 ppos d o e ( . r wor eco s nc . r p. 48 3d 92, 1 8 -99( hCi. 1 (çA)I i f rc i rton'i te e asamoto t atror 9 98 9t r200 ) $( moton or e onsdeai s ratd in o le 20 a ndj gme und Fe er Rul ofCi lPr e eRul 59()i ii fl wihi t da ot me ud nt er d al e vi oc dur e e ft s ied t n en ys - ! ! 21 e r ofj men.ll nty udg t' . ' 22 1 . 11 A NALYSI S 23 Pl n ifar st a t Cour e r d w h i wr t t tPl n ifha a it d i is ai tf gue h t he t re en t o e ha ai tf d dm te n t i i I E : : ( 24 25 . l O n De mb 1 200 3t tmet GI aRul 59 e motonwa extnd d t t nt ei t ce er , 9 he i o e e () i s e e o we y- gh d .Compar Fe R. v.P. e ( 9)wihFe R.Ci P.5 e (01 . ays e d. Ci 59() 200 , t d. v. 9() 2 0) Page 3 of ll ' ! i i i ' @ : : . . 1 opposii t FEM A ' det m i i coul onl be r ewed f s t i and not ton hat S er naton d y evi or ubsantve, : 2 pr ocedur ,err s. Pl ntf ar al or ai if gues t i neverm ade s a br conces on,and t i onl hat t uch oad si hat t y ! ! 3 ar gued t i i had sued bas s el on a l ofdue pr hat f t ed ol y ack ocessw ihi t N FI s t n he A chem e,t he ! 4 Co tw o d no b abl t i vald e t FI ,bu i i i f c s n ba ed on s bs a tve ur ul t e e o n i at he RM t t s n a t ui g s u tni ! i ' ; 5 er or and t pr r s, he ocedur eror tar r evant. ..becaus t i erw i w ih t subsantve al r s s c el . e hey nt t ne t he t i i . 6 defci es . . . .'( .sOpp' l 2 , i enci 'Pl' n 0:-2 Feb. 2 0,ECFNo.1 ) Pl ntf ap ast b 2, 01 3 . ai if pe r o e i r : i ! r ' E E 7 corect Pl ntf alo not t i waspr ed t brng a cons iutonalpr r . ai if s ed hat t epar o i tt i ocedur due pr s al oces . 8 cai it Cour rquie a ndmen oft Co ait( el I n. . l m fhe te rd me t he mpl n.Se d. 0 4) 9 l 0 I t rm oton t dim i ,Def n hei i o s ss endant ar s gued t N FI ' wai t t gover ent s hat A S ver o he nm ' s ri i oveegn mmuni ap isonl t a j c tonoft d ni oftoodi urnc cl msa b s t ple y o dudiai y he e al l ns a e ai nd a e I i ' 1 to dee t nd tr n t n, o tepo e ue ue t arv a sc d cso s(e Mo. I lo lvai eemiai sn th rcd rs sd o rie t p h e iin .S e t o o ; l Dimis6: 3 2 s s l i - 1 J n.1 ,201 ECFNo.11.Th APA is fofc s ,pemisj di a rviw 8, a 9 0, ) e tel, oure r t u cil e e . ! j l b e on'a en y f l et a debyt epr e alr quie nt oft eAPA,isown e bing 3 as d Cg c aiur o bi h oc dur e rme s h t na i i 14 act orisow n r atonsj'r dl soft l ofa specii gr ofr ew i t r evant , t egui i ' egar es he ack fc ant evi n he el 2 l e a l gsaue Al e C. n J. W il m T. yo , miitaieLz 5 5( de . 5 n bi ttt. f d Ama , r& la Ma t n Ad nsr tv t 0 2 d n r i w I i ' 1 2 )(oot tsomitd) Stl, sDee ansc rcl noe r e ofa c pr e esi 6 001 f noe te . ila fnd t ore ty td,eviw gen y oc dur s 1 I ; ( : , l notper il wher agcncy acton i com m it t agency dicr i by l , 5 U . C, 7 m ted e i s ted o s eton aw S. j l j7 la() o wh r terlv n e a l gsaueK rcu es j diile iwj j7 1a( ) 8 0 ()2, r et h ee a t n bi ttt t e ld l) u ca rve ' 0 () l, n p j l Dee d nste ag e ta terlv n e a l gsaueh r ( A)peld s u ca rve 9 fn a t h n ru d hth ee a t n bi ttt ee NFI rcv e jdiile iw. n l 20 oe e nt b s d t sar n ont eçlmie wai rors r i i f nda s a e hi gume t h ti td ve ove egn mmuniy a t elgiltve t nd l e sa i a i ; 2l hit y oft N FI ....' sor he A ' i ! 22 Def endant wer i r . The Cour di nota esst s ar enti t orgi or s e ncor ect t d ddr hi gum n he i nal der j 23 bu dimis d t etrtt c us ofa ton b s on isi e r tton t tPl n ifha c c ed t s s e h ' s wo a es c i a ed t ntm ea i ha aitf d on ed i l ' i . 2 tep it I terrso s t tepeet t nfrrc n ieain Deedat sil ru ta 4 h on. n h i ep ne o h rsn moi o eo sd rto , fn ns tlag e h t o ! j 25 Pl n ifh c e d t poi .Up cl e i pe ton Pli ifdo snota pea t ha aitf as onc de he nt on os r ns c i , antf e p r o ve i i E i I i Pa 4 of ll ge j ' ! ; ; ï ' ' j 1 conceded t poi ,and even i Pl ntf had adm it t i di notbeleve i FEM A ' he nt f ai if ted hat t d i t S i 2 pr e alir a oc dur regul i i 3 notc r lng Subec ma- j idit c nn b wave an NFI i e p mi rviw ontoli j t ter urs ci a ot e i d, d A nde d er t e e t on s rte c dberviwed, pl ntm s( sak n)a si i t srgadi iis oul e e a ai i mit e dmison n hi e r s . j i ' 4 o FE Sp o e rstee n e . e Co u i V n u e LL v JC.Wi leFe n 5 2F.d f MA' rc due h ru d r S e lmba e tr, C . . l f d', 6 3 d ! ! i 5 290( h Ci ) c r.de e s n Colmbi Ve tr , LC v FEMA,I 0S. . 8( 09) 4t r , c / nid ub om. u ' nu e L . a 3 Ct41 20 . . ! : 6 1 i 7 pr os d deer iatonsofb s too ee ton i t Fe r Re se i vi ai ofa op e t m n i a e l d lva i s n he de al gitr n olton i E 8 pr son o N FI , 4 U. C.j41 a ,a d t dititc t h ef eva a e FEM A' ovii f A 2 S. 04() n he src our t er or c t d S ! I 9 det m i i See i at291 er natons. d. -92. The Cour ofAppeal r s notbas on a I of t s ever ed, ed ack E 1 E . I . I Col n umbi Vent t pl ntf compl ned ofFEM A' f l e t tm el publsh notce of a ure, he ai if ai S aiur o i y i i 1 j idi i , butba e onlc ofprj dieunde teAPA. ei a 294-9 (iig5U. C, 0 urs cton sd ak eu c rh Se d. t 5 ctn S. : , , ll j7 ()F)(e rn rviwi c t t a y#t r eofprj di a er ).Alh 06(2( ) rquiig e e ng ours o ppl he ul eu cil ror ) toughi t 1 di notdiecty addr t ques i t Col bi Vent cour neces iy accept t t 2 d r l ess he ton, he um a ure t sarl ed hat he ! E 1 diti c t( dt Cou t Appe l is f h dj idi i t rviw FEMA' a ton un r 3 srct our an he r of as tell a urs cton o e e S ci s de ! 1 N FI f 4 A b i rprce alir l iis b c s ha s hj rs ci be nlc ng,rs tt t o dur reguarte , e aue d uc u iditon e a ki eor o he l prj di al r r ei j706( ( woul h ebe nnet rn e sr no posi e 5 eu ci eror ul n 2)F) d av e ihe ec say r sbl. 1 I 6 4 I f Lj ci r e ofGn a mi srtv dcemiai s 4 U. C.941 g) Thi i 7 or iudi aleviw al d nitaie tr n ton . 2 S. 04( . s s i NFI ex iil i orort $htsop ofr ew'ofS h tr7ofTil 5'(h APA) A plcty nc p aes ç c e evi ' ç ape t c te ' te I i l pe ieywh teCou i V nue c ut p l dterl o peu iil ro i rs ligte 8 rcsl y h lmba e trs o ra pi h ue f rjdca errn eovn h e I 19 pr ocedur chalenge i t cas See 562 F. at294. Def al l n hat e. 3d endant ar t N FI onl alows s gue hat A y l I ! ' 20 a e sb s don t tch c a d s e tfca urc ofb s tood lv dee mi ton . e pp al a e he e nial n cin ii cc a y a e l e el tr na i s Se ; ! i 2l j4l 4( .Th t hnia a s en ii a c a y oft too map i e cty wha Pli if 0 b) e ec c l nd ci tfc c ur c he l d s s xa l t antf ' 22 diput I i aggreved notonl by t r ul,butal by t aleged I ofr r pr s es. t s i y he es t so he l ack equied ocedur e 23 used t come t t r t Thi i pr um abl w hatPl ntf means when i says ispr o o hat esul. s s es y ai if t t ocedur al i 1 i 24 grevances ar Si elw i 'w ih iss t i grevance. Def i e çnt l ntd' t t ubs antve i endant atem ptt es s t o cape t he i 2 p o e ua rq i me t o NFI a dteAPA i ma igs c s b tn ied tr n t sb 5 r c d rl e ur ns f A n h e n kn u h u sa t eemiai y v on ; I Pa 5of ll ge i i i . : 1 i er etng N FI t mean t no due pr nt pr i A o hat ocessw hat oeveri r r and t Pl ntf m ay s s equied, hat ai if ; I 2 onl c l n t e s s a e oft e d t r i ton diec l . I ot rwor ,a c di t y hale ge h ub t nc h e e m na i r ty n he ds c or ng o 3 Def endant ,FEM A m ay t aly i e t pr s ot l gnor he ocedur r r ent s l asi get t ans er al equiem s o ong t s he w 4 ri ,and a pl ntf may onl chalenge t ans erdiecty. Butbot t p oc dur lno i e an ght ai if y l he w r l h he r e a tc d 5 comm entr r ent i N I and t i equiem s n FA he ncom or i oft A PA ' sandar ofr ew woul aton he St ds evi d 6 be sum l usage i Def f endant ar s gumentw er corec . Th Col a V u ec tpe mitd ( t e r t e umbi entr our r te bu i I ! ! l i ; 7 utmaeyd ne o teme i )ap o e ua c aln eu d r h n tc rq ie nso l tl e id n h rt rc d r l h l g n e t e o ie e urme t f i s e 8 j4I 4()be a eteun ryi gre nc ,a h e, onc r dtetc c an s e tfc 0 a c us h del ng iva e s er c ene h e hnial d cinii K t 9 a urc oftood ma . e56 F.d 29 29 ( Col a Ve ur h sno s cc a y l ps Se 2 3 0, 4 umbi nt e a t hown t ti ha t 1 s frdprj di asars t FEMA' dee tv pu iai ' .I oh wors ia easta 0 ufee eu ce e ulof S fcie blc ton.) n ter d ,t pp r h t ' I s l a t s bs a e oft e c 1 o ong s he u t nc h ompl ntc e nst t chni la s en i c a c a y ofba e ai onc r he e ca nd ci tt c ur c i s 1 to d er i to ,a opp e t s 2 l od et m na i ns s os d o omc ot rki o gre n ,t n t f lp opl of he nd f i va ce he he ul an y l j idci t decdepoc dur!deecs a l s unde tepr e a rquie nsofNFI 3 urs iton o i r. e a f t- teat r h oc durl e rme t A E l is f i r 4 t el- n eachi such a det m i i apples. I pr ng er naton i f ocedur com pl nt wer dialowed al ai s e s l j 1 u d rNF A atg te,h Colmba V n uec u t udsmpyh v n tdti a dn t 5 n e I l eh r te u i e tr o rwo l i l a e oe hs n o o p r I a esedtepr e alc antun rt r eo prj caler . eeI 6 ddr s h oc dur ompli de he ul f eudii rorS W. ! I7 The Col umbi Vent cour consi ed no diectAPA chalenge,buta chalenge t t a ure t der r l l hat he 18 pr ocedur ofN FI is fwer notcom pled w ih. I t scas Pl ntf sbrng a diectAPA es A t el e i t n hi e, ai if i r 19 chalenge t FEM A ' pr l o S ocedur . A cour oft Dit ctofNew J s hasr ed i an es t he sri er ey ul n 2 unpu ihe c eta t r i noj iditonund rteAPA t e et npoc durlvi ai of 0 bls d as h t hee s urs ci e h o ntrai r e a oltons ! 1 2l N FI by FEM A . Se Cnl o A e y.fMonmout v FEMA, 09- (AP , h. No, 769 J ) 2009WL 3l 33l a * 51 , t 4 l ! 2 ( N..Sep. 2009 .Tha c traone t tbe a ewave o s er g i 2 D J t24, ) t our e s d ha c us i r f ov ein mmunjymu tbe t s , i 1 i ! I I 23 e i ta N FI e i il wai d i onl a t ch l e t b e tood el va i xplci nd A xplcty ve t y s o al eng s o as l e ton 2 de e m i ton , t r wa n j idi i t rviw FEMA' deemi t un rt APA. e 4 t r na i s hee s o urs ct o e e on S tr nai ons de he Se 2 i Butx ll is fi por es t 's orr ew ' pr ded i t ApA r r ol ng 5 d rA tel ncor at he 'cope evi - ovi n be or es vi . Page 6 of 11 ' j ' j ' i i i E ! I i j l c le s b s d on ba e to elva i de e m i a i s Se 42U. C. 41 g) Th APA i ha lnge a e s l od e ton t r n ton . e S. j 04( . e n 2 t ncla l pe misr viw f pr dur ir gulrte .The e or t er e an e ablngsaut ur e ry r t e e or oce al re a iis r f e, h elv t n i t t e i ! : 3 i t sc s @ Fl d sn ap art ' ecl j cale e 'oft pr e esusd i n hi a e A) oe ot pe o s ude udii rviw' he oc dur e n pr i ! 4 r eachi base t ng lood el i . j7 ()1.Agai Pl nif aeno at igt itodu ea evatons 0la() n, aitfs r t temptn o nr c l i 5 c le ba e ona s t tveis e b yondt es opeofpe misbl r viw un rNFI ha lnge s d ubsan i s u e h c r si e e e de A. i I 6 NFI ceryl tjdca rve t matr aiigo t f aefo dee aind tr n t n A lal i s u iile iw o t s rsn u o b s lo lv t eemiai s mi e o o ! . ; i 7 Bu itesbtneo' egivneiatcncl o siniialerno sbs t o tfh usac fh r ac s eh ial rcet cl roeu ael d t e y f y o 1 8 ee ain tes o eo rve o tepo e uerq rdi ma igs c d tr n to sa p as lv t ,h c p f e iw f h r c d r e ui n kn u h eemiain p e r o e i ' : 9 t be t undert A PA,as i o hat he ncom or ed by N FI i addii t any addii at A, n ton o tonalpr ocedur e E I r quie byNFI is f Se 42 U. C.j41 4( . I ot rwor ,a tAPA cai ' s don 0 e rd A tel. e S. 0 g) n he ds n ' l m'ba e ! ! 2 l a l e e r si m a ng a b s too el a i de er i a i i aN FI c ai . Thi m i be l leg d r or n ki a e l d ev ton t m n ton s A lm s ght 12 whatt Ei h Cicui m eantw hen i afi m ed di i alofa s at A PA cl m i a bas he ght r t t fr sm ss epar e ai n e- i i I fo dee ainc s wh r ' FAIpo ied a a e u t Ig le d . S eGra Rie 3 lo -lv to ae ee t I rvd t) n d q ae e a rme y' e et vr % ' ; I Ali 4 lance v. FEM A, 1 F,d 98 98 ( t Ci 20I ( t 5 U. C. 704; U. C. 6 5 3 5, 9 8 h r 0) cii . ng S. 9 42 S. I E : 1 j41 g). 5 04( ) I 6 A dm it y,t consr i oft APA t herw ih N FI i difcul and com pl tedl he tucton he oget t A s fi t ex, ! ! 17 becaus N FI explcil r er t and i por est A PA i pl e A i ty ef s o ncor at he n aces,t A PA i t n i i ty he n ur mplcil ; 1s r er t enablng act such asN FI and t r r ent ofdue pr ef s o i s A, he equiem s ocessar r el easy t e ar y o : l e r c f om l sa i l ngu geev i t a en e ofs h c os -et en es Bu i Cong e s 9 xta t r egi ltve a a en n he bs c uc r s r kr c . t f rs ! 20 i e d t tt e cl i e r m e f gre nc sove b s tood el va i de e m i to nt nde ha he x us v e dy or i va e r ae l e ton t r na i ns i ! 2I woul begoven byt pr e rlsa dar i NFI , and notal by t e i t A PA ,i d red he oc dua tn ds n A so hos n he t I 22 s s exceedi y odd t i w oul explcil pr de i N FI is ft tt Sscope ofr ew' eem ngl hat t d i ty ovi n A t el ha he t evi ' 23 i t dititcou t st spr dc by(heAPAI'Se 54I4( . W h epr e rsrquie n he src r wa t ovi d t a . e 0 g) ' er oc due e rd ! 2 b NFI c n l t t to erq i db teAP to eof I mu t o to b c u ete 4 y A o fi wi h s e ur y h A,h s NF A s c nr l e a s h c h e i I 25 s fc contol t gener , bu wh eteprc rsrqui dbyNFI an t APA c n pecii r s he al t er h o edue e r e A d he a ! i i I I I ! i Page 7 of 11 ' I i : : ; i ! ; i j j : i l coexit 94l g i betr dasma ngt m c s, 04() s s ca ki he umultve. ai 2 I m o n t di m ist e pr e al ol i cl i s b s d o t e a gum t t tFEM A ' n vi g o s s h oc dur vi aton a m a e n h r nt ha S 3 decsonwa c ii s ommitdt isdicei bylw,Defnda sr idont I saiehit yo te o t srton a e nt ele he egiltv sor f 4 NFI Unde t AP , :t e empi )i a plc bl i tos rr i tn swh eSttt ae A. r he A t he x ton s p ia e n h e ae nsa ce er saues r t ' i ! 5 dr wn i s c br dt mst ti agi nc et e e i no lw t a y.' Ciie t Pr s r e a n u h oa er ha n ve as h r s a o ppl '' tz ns o e e v I ! ï 6 Overon Par , I .v vol ' 01 U. 402, 0(1 )( otn S, p. 7 75 a 26 t k nc . pe,4 , S. 41 971 qu ig Re No. 9- 2, t ! , ' ! 7 ( 9 ).tse ton 701a ( ma sicl rt tçevi i n t beha i tos rr 1 45) t ci ) ()2) ke t ea ha r ew s oto l d' n h e ae 8 cicum st r ances wher t r evants at e :sdr n s t a coul woul have no m eani ul e he el t ut i aw o hat ' t d ngf 9 sa ar ag n twhi t j dg t a en y' e er s ofdicrton,'Licol v Vi l508U. tnd d ais ch o u e he g c s x cie s ei '' n n . gi, S. l l I I(993)( tngHe ke v Chane 47 U. 8 l 8 (985) Thequ tonteeor 0 82, 9 1 quoi c lr . y, 0 S. 2 , 30 1 ). esi h rf e l1 i whet N FI i dr s her A s awn so br y t t Cour hasno meani uls andar agai whi t oadl hat he t ngf t d nst ch o ! E 1 j dgeFEM A' e r s ofdicei i t sc e. 2 u S xecie srton n hi as E l 3 ' y 1 r ew f pr 4 evi or ocedur ir arii undert A PA ,and t t ofN FI makes i cl t t al regul tes he he ext A t ear ha i 1 FEMA, d cii ar s j c t rviw un rteAPA a age er matr 42U. C.941 4( 5 s e sons e ube to e e de h s n al te S. 0 g) : i q TheColmbi Ve u ec t s me t tFEMA' aci und NFI wer s j c t u a ntr ourasu d ha S tons er A e ube to . 1 (; ya lan a ive b a Gn d e nai ofteDie t up a nitatvea e , 6 ç An ppel t ggre d y ny al etnni ton h rcor on dmi sr i pp al ' l7 as pr ded by t ss i may appealsuch det m i i t t Unied St esdit i cour f ovi hi ecton, er naton o he t at s rct t or l8 t di rctw ihi whi t com m uniy i I ed notmor t si y daysaferr ptof he sti tn ch he t s ocat e han xt t ecei I ' i l notce ofs det m i i . The s 9 i uch er naton copeofr ew by t cour s lbe as pr ded by chapt 7 evi he t hal ovi er i I 2 0 i ofTil 5.)' deer n whehe arviw ofac aitc eni FEMA' alg te '.To t mie t r e e ' ompl n onc r ng S le ed ' ; ' ! 2I prce r eror i bardb j701a() t Coutmus e netepariulrpr ed a o dual r s s re y ()2,he r t xami h tc a oc url 22 er t)ale da deemi whehe t ena i saut ( A)orrgultonspa sd rors lge nd tr ne t r he blng tt e NFI e ai se ' ! i 1 i 1 2 purua tt ipr deame n ulsan r agans whi t j FEMA' a tons 3 s n o t ovi anigf t dad i t ch o udge S ci . 2 4 I teGrtc us ofa ton, Pli ifalge t tFEMA fie t a r t 41C. R. n h s a e ci antf le s ha ald o dhee o . F. 2 j 6 lan 66. Se ton66.()rquie : 5 j 6 d 5. ci 1c e rs . I : i i I ! i I p g 8o l ae f l . i E . . . k I i ! ! I The Feder I ur al ns ance A dm i sr ororhi del e shal: nitat s egat l i 2 () p cfcl rq ethth c mmu i sb tet e t aac n enn 1S e iial e u state o nt u mip ri n d t o crig y y n i i 3 food hazar ,t l ds loodi experence, anst avoi pot i hazar estm at ng i pl o d ental ds, i e ofhit i and pr pectve econom i i pacton t comm uniy,and such sorcal os i cm he t ' i 4 ote a oprae daa ( riul l i s h daa wil ne e stt a h r ppr it t patc ary f uc t l c s iae modiia i ofab etoo el ton) fc ton as l d eva i . 5 () tylc l fiilo tepo rs of uvy, tde,n et ain, 2 Noi o a ofcas fh rges s re ssu is iv si to s f g : i and of pr pectve Gndi os i ngs,al w ih dat and m et ong t a hods em pl oyed i n r eachi s concl ons:and na uch usi I l ' 6 '' ' ' ' ' ' . 2 7 ( Enc a el al semi tonofs v , t e , ndi si ton s 3) ourg oc dis nai ureyssudis a nve tgai s o i 8 t i er ed per hat nt est sonsw ilhave an opporuniy t brng r evantdat t t l t t o i el a o he atenton oft com m uniy and t t Feder I ance Adm i sr or, t i he t o he al nsur nitat ; ! 9 : ! 10 . ll ' r ew ofFEM A' a tonsh e i Im ie t deer ni whehe s r que twa ma f t evi S c i er s i t d o t mi ng t r ome e s s de 8r he I2 DouglsCou yc a nt ommu t t s mitedaaieni di s e ton()1,wh he Dou a niy o ub t h t d tGe n ubsci c( ) et r gls ! : 44 C . F. j66.() l.4) Th ei ac iea ea R. Ic( ). . er s onsd rbl mountofdicei h e.Th s op of . ( s rton er e c e ! : ( Ca l outt r pon i l isf c s t tonan c di tons tf t 4) r' y he es sbii e or on ula i d oor nai e orh t i j66. oft spa t n 5 hi r. l3 ' Count offci swer notfed i s y i al e ii n ome manneroft pr es oft i tgatons,and whet he ogr s he nves i i her . 14 ! 15 ! ' FEM A encour aged disem i i oft i tgaton. Secton 66. r r s naton he nves i i i 5 equies: I6 ()Cona ts l b mad wiha m p it omcil ofac a tc hal e e t pp rae as ommuni i whih a t n c y pr oposed i tgaton i underaken, and w ih t sat coor natng agency. nves i i s t t he t c di i : l 7 . I I 8 : l 9 i 7 20 i : : : i . 21 2 2 ! ! ( i ! ()S b sino if r to fo tec mmu i c n enn tesu ys al e c u miso f n o main rm h o nt o c r ig q td h lb y . ( )Ap rj it of casofte c mmu t s alb f l ifr d o ()Th d jo rae t il h o ni h l e ul n ome f 1 e i y y r s on l ltesplce on t m by t Pr a ( t a i sr tvepr e e e p sbili a d he he ogr m, 2) he dm nita i oc dur s f l db t Fe rlEmege yMa ge n Age y,3)t c olowe y he dea r nc na me t nc ( he ommuniy' r e t s ol i e t bls n el a i s and ( t r s i lte of t commu t i i n sa ihig ev ton , 4) he e ponsbiiis he niy f t p'r i pat orcontnuest par i pat i t Pr am . a tci es i o tci e n he ogr 23 24 i j l i t t at n i oft ec o ht te ton h ommu t an t t Fe r I ur nc Ad l sr t . niy d o he de al ns a e m nitaor encour aged. 1 ' ( Loc dis mi ton ofte i e an naue oft i si ton s lbe b) al se nai h ntnt d tr he nve tgai hal e c u a e s ta itrse p riswi h v a o p tnt t b ijr lv n d t n o rg d o h tneetd at l a e n p or i o rn ee a t aa e l u y 25 () f r tec mme c me t a i ta Flo Is rn eSu y teCCO o oh r e Beoe h o n e n of n ni l o d n ua c td ,h i r te FEM A r es atve, oget epr ent i t herw ihar es atveoft or zaton underaki t epr ent i he ganl i t ng t st shal m eetwih of i al oft com muniy.Thest e coor natng agency he udy, l t fci s he t at di i s alb n i doft sme tn a dma atnd. t sme tn t l a ofii s h l e otGe hi eig n y te Athi eig,he oc l fcal s albei or dof( )Th daewhe t esudywilc h i nf me 1 e t nh t l ommen ez 2)t en t ea c ( h a ur nd Page 9 of ll . : j . . ' ! i j i i ! 1 2 p pos oft su , ()ae si ve ( tema ' i whihtesud s alb ur e he t dy 3 ra nvol d,4) h nne n c h t y h l e r u ra n,()t g er prnci est b ap i ,a ()t i e du eoft ndetke 5 he en al i pl o e pl nd 6 he ntnde s he ed da a ob ane Th c t t i d. e ommuniy s lb i or d i wrtn i an oft e sx t hal e nf me n iig f y h i I 1 3 p e e igi msaeo wi b c a g datrhsiiil eiga dd rn tec u s rc dn t r r l e h n e fe t i nt me t n u ig h o re e l a n o teo g n su y f h n oig td . E 4 ( Th c 0 e ommuniys albei or di wrtngofa itn d. Gcai t t t h l nf me n ii ny ne de modi ton o he i i j 5 com m uniy' Gnal food el i det m i i or t devel ent of new t s l evaton er natons he opm el i i addii ar oft com m uniy asar tofanew st orr udy. evatons n tonal eas he t esul udy est ! : i I i i Suc i or tont t c h nf ma i o he ommuni wilicldet daas tf t i pa a aph( ) t l n u he t e orh n r gr e y 6 7 of t s secton. A tt di eton of t Regi hi i he scr i he onalAdm i stat i each FEM A ni r or n Re onal fi e, me i ma be h d t a ompls t sr quie e . gi O fc a etng y el o cc ih hi e r m nt 44 C . F. j66. Sub eci ( )t ou ( a a t rquienot ng mor t n i ale d R. 5. s tons a hr gh d) ppe r o e r hi e ha s r a y 8 ! ; p I rquie byj66..Subeci ( rquie apr-nvetg i me tngb we s FEMA e rd 1 s ton e) e rs ei siaton ei et en ome I 0 r es atve and Dougl Count ofi al r di t r aw i ofFI S atw hi epr ent i as y fci s egar ng he edr ng RM , ch ! me i cet n i or toni dicu s Subsci ( rquieswrte n iiai ofan etng rai nf mai s s sed. e ton 9 e r itn otfc ton y ; i ll ! : 1 2 i ended m odiicaton t Dougl Count sfi tood el i det m i i nt t i o as y' nal l evaton er natons. FEM A has ! dicei wheh t hol as e ton( me i i p tont wrte noiiai s rton tero d ubsci 9 etng n ddii o itn tfc ton. i i ! l3 ; 1 4 ' ' i Pl i ifale est r e pr c r vi a i s i is Gr tc us ofa ton. Fis ,i aleges a ntf l g h e o edu al olton n t s a e c i rt t l 1q i i ' . s h a ale ton un t A PA . The e i a m e ni ulsa r i t e r ul ton a c di uc n l ga i der he r s a ngf t nd d n h eg a i s c or ng 17 t w hi t Cour can det m i w het FEM A dis i ed t r r 'nf m aton. FEM A o ch he t er ne her s em nat he equied i or i , j . wa notdismi tdt DouglsCounyofii s ( Compl!2l.TheCoutma rviw s se nae o a t fcal.See . ) r yee l 6 . I vi a i sofjj66.( )2)an 66.( , c s i or tona t up n ive tgai olton Ic ( d 5 b) be au e nf ma i bout he comig n si ton ' ' '' ' ' 1 8 . . , hasdicr i i det ni t m et and tm i ofdi em i i butt Cour can r ew s eton n enni ng he hod i ng ss naton, he t evi l 9 20 ' ' . wh te tet p o if r to rq ie t b dse n tàwa dismiae i s mefs in eh r h y e f n omain e urd o e is miae s se n td n o a ho . ' Se ond, ai ifalg svi ainsofjj66.c()a 6 5/)b c s FEMA fie t s i' c Pl ntf le e olto ()1 nd 6. e au e ald o olct i 2l ! iputfo tec n rm h ommuniy.( eComplj2l.Agan,t Cour c nr e unde teAPA t Se .l ) i he t a eviw rh ' ; 22 l ' 23 w het FEM A solcied i her i t nputf om t com m uniy i s e m anner Thid,Pl ntf aleges r he t n om . r ai if l . FEM A f l t hol t r r pr i tgaton m eetng w ih Dougl Count om ci sunder aied o d he equied e-nves i i i t as y al l 24 I i 25 l i j66. e.Th Cour c nd tr newhehe s hame tngo urda wheh rt rquied 5() e t a eemi t r uc ei cc re nd te he e r . i or i wasdicus . These r atonsar notSdr n so t a cour w oul have no nf maton s sed egul i e t aw hat t d : I i ! ; i Pg 1 o I ae 0 f l ' ; E ! i i ! ! i l mea ngulsa r a ns whi t j eteag nc sex r s ofdicei 'Se kc , 0 ni f tndad gai t ch o udg h e y' ecie srton. c /r 47 ' i ' 2 U. a 8 FEM A h sdic e i i how i c re ou t es r quie n s butt Cou tc n S. t 30. a s r ton n t aris t h e e r mi t, he r a i : ! 3 det mieobeci ywheheriha care t m o wihou dit bi tea c sdicei . er n j tvel t t s rid he ut t t sur ng h gen y' srton I ! 4 l I 5 NFI $Upona alb a y c A:$ ppe y n ommuniy .. (l e Die t s l e ol s a ea by t . th r cor halr s ve uch pp l I E E ! It s n he econd caus ofacton, Plitf alg savi ainof p o e ua rq ie n o e i anif l e olt e o a rc d r le urme t f 6 c s t ton wihofi al oft lc g e nme ti ol d, by adm i statve hearng,orby on ula i t fci s he o al ov r n nv ve ni r i i I ' 7 subm isi oft confi i dat t an i s on he lctng a o ndependents entfc body orappr i e Feder ci ii oprat al i i 8 a nc f a c '42U. C. 41 4() Thi s ci ofNFI rquie teDie t ,up ge y or dvie. ' S. j 0 e . s e ton A e rs h rcor on 9 appeal t consul w ih Dougl Count of i al hol an adm i s r i hearng,ort s i t ,o t t as y fci s, d nitatve i o ubm t he ! l confi i dat t an i 0 lctng a o ndependents enttc body orappr at f alagency. Pl ntf aleges ci ii opri e eder ai if l l 1 t tFEMA f ldt rs vePl nipsa e i a yfs o beor is n isGna 1 ha aie o e ol aitf pp aln n a hin f e suig t l ! i 1 d 2 i '' . etr nai (eeCo . 25 .TheCoutc alodeer n wh he t mi mum emi ton.S mpl! ) r an s t mie et r he ni i i i i 1 ! i i : i ! l r r 3 equiement wer s i i her s e atsfed e. I 4 I sum m ar , t Cour ha j rs ci t r e Dee nt' ct und NFI an t n y he t s u iditon o eviw fnda s a i ons er A d he I APA ,and i t ef e r 5 t her or econsi st m oton t di is i t sr d, Def der he i o sm s n hi egar endant di notfl s d ie l frs mmayj d me ti teatr aie s teCout ln tp ro m s c a a ay i a t i 6 o u r u g n n h l n t ,o h e v r wi o ef r u h n n lss t hs l 17 tm e. i : ( I 18 CO NC LU SI N O ' l 9 I I HEREBY ORDERED tatt Moi f Re on i rton( No.25 i TS h he ton or c sdeai ECF )s 1 : 20 G RAN TED. i j ! ! i ! l p j ! 2l ! l I I SO O RD ERED . T S 25 . 22 Dat t s I bday ofM ar , 2011. ed hi 6t ch 23 ' 2 4 . Ro ' . . T c 'JON ES Unied ae DititJ ge t ts src ud I ! I I p g l o-l ae l t I : I I E .
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