Mitamura v. Lozow, No. 2:2010cv01709 - Document 8 (D. Nev. 2010)
Court Description: ORDER Denying 2 Plaintiffs Motion for Injunctive Relief and a Temporary Restraining Order. IT IS FUTHER ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court shall unseal this ex parte motion as Plaintiff has failed to comply with the requirements of Local Rule 7-5. Signed by Judge Gloria M. Navarro on 10/6/2010. (Copies have been distributed pursuant to the NEF - SD)
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Mitamura v. Lozow Doc. 8 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT 1 DISTRICT OF NEVADA 2 3 4 5 6 7 ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) TAKEHIRO MITAMURA, Plaintiff, vs. JOYCE LOZOW, an individual, and DOES 1-10, inclusive, Defendant. 8 Case No.: 2:10-cv-01709-GMN-RJJ ORDER 9 10 INTRODUCTION 11 Before the Court is Plaintiff’s ex parte Motion for Injunctive Relief and Temporary 12 Restraining Order (“TRO”) (ECF No. 2). Plaintiff seeks a stay of the foreclosure sale of his 13 property. 14 The Court has considered the pleadings and arguments offered by the Plaintiff. IT IS 15 HEREBY ORDERED THAT Plaintiff’s Motion for Injunctive Relief and a Temporary 16 Restraining Order (ECF No. 2) is DENIED. 17 18 BACKGROUND This case arises from the foreclosure sale of Plaintiff’s property. Plaintiff, Takehiro 19 Mitamura, purchased property located at 5412 La Patera Lane, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89104 (the 20 “Property”) on or about November 29, 2004 from Defendant, Joyce Lozow. Plaintiff made a 21 down payment of 10% of the purchase price and Lozow agreed to personally finance the balance 22 of the price. (In re: Takehiro Mitamur, No. BK-10-10006-bam, # 31). Plaintiff defaulted on his 23 payment due on June 1, 2009. (Id.). Defendant contacted Ticor Title of Nevada, Inc., the Trustee 24 identified within Plaintiff’s Deed of Trust, to commence foreclosure proceedings. (Id.). Notices 25 of Default were recorded and served by the Trustee on or about August 12, 2009 and August 31, Page 1 of 7 Dockets.Justia.com 1 2009. (Id.). Plaintiff did not respond to these notifications and a Notice of Trustee’s Sale was 2 recorded on December 10, 2009. (Id.). Plaintiff filed Chapter 13 Bankruptcy on January 4, 2010, thus placing an automatic stay 3 4 on the foreclosure proceedings. (In re: Takehiro Mitamur, No. BK-10-10006-bam, # 1). On 5 January 6, 2010 the case was converted to a Chapter 7 proceeding. (In re: Takehiro Mitamur, 6 No. BK-10-10006-bam, # 10). Defendant motioned the Bankruptcy Court for an order granting 7 her relief from the automatic stay pursuant to 11 U.S.C. §§362(a) and (d), and F.R.Bankr.P. 4001 8 and 9014, to permit Defendant to complete foreclosure proceedings with regard to her first 9 priority deed of trust on the Property. (In re: Takehiro Mitamur, No. BK-10-10006-bam, # 31). 10 The Bankruptcy Court granted Defendant’s relief from the automatic stay on June 1, 2010, to 11 immediately exercise all available rights and remedies she may have with respect to the Property 12 and ordered that relief shall be effective upon entry and not subject to the fourteen day stay 13 provided for under §4001(a)(3) of the Bankruptcy Rules. (In re: Takehiro Mitamur, No. BK-10- 14 10006-bam, # 37). Plaintiff was granted a discharge under Section 727 of Title 11, United States Code on 15 16 April 4, 2010. (In re: Takehiro Mitamur, No. BK-10-10006-bam, # 28). Plaintiff conveyed the 17 deed to the Property to Edna Franco on May 20, 2010 and it was recorded in Clark County. 18 (Complaint, Ex. A, ECF No. 1). Plaintiff conveyed the Property to Ms. Franco for payment on a 19 Promissory Note dated March 22, 2010 and recorded on June 28, 2010, for which the Plaintiff 20 received a principle amount of $10,000. (Complaint, Ex. B, ECF No. 1). It is Plaintiff’s 21 contention that because he transferred the deed to the property to Ms. Franco the Defendant no 22 longer has a legal right to foreclose on the property. 1 The Trustee foreclosed on the Property on 23 June 25, 2010. (Complaint pg. 2, ECF No. 1). 24 1 25 From the minutes of Justice Court Case No. 10C023084 it appears that the Defendant is trying to evict Plaintiff from the premises in order to sell the property. Plaintiff argues that he is legally entitled to be there because he has a lease agreement with Ms. Franco. Page 2 of 7 DISCUSSION 1 2 3 A. Legal Standard Under Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(b), plaintiff must make a showing that immediate and 4 irreparable injury, loss or damage will result to plaintiff if the order is not issued to support their 5 motion for a temporary restraining order. Temporary restraining orders are governed by the 6 same standard applicable to preliminary injunctions. See Cal. Indep. Sys. Operator Corp. v. 7 Reliant Energy Servs., Inc., 181 F. Supp. 2d 1111, 1126 (E.D. Cal. 2001) (“The standard for 8 issuing a preliminary injunction is the same as the standard for issuing a temporary restraining 9 order.”). The standard for obtaining ex parte relief under Rule 65 is very stringent. Reno Air 10 Racing Ass’n v. McCord, 452 F.3d 1126, 1130 (9th Cir. 2006). The temporary restraining order 11 “should be restricted to serving [its] underlying purpose of preserving the status quo and 12 preventing irreparable harm just so long as is necessary to hold a hearing, and no longer.” 13 Granny Goose Foods, Inc. v. Bhd. of Teamsters & Auto Truck Drivers Local No. 70, 415 U.S. 14 423, 439 (1974). 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 The Ninth Circuit in the past set forth two separate sets of criteria for determining whether to grant preliminary injunctive relief: Under the traditional test, a plaintiff must show: (1) a strong likelihood of success on the merits, (2) the possibility of irreparable injury to plaintiff if preliminary relief is not granted, (3) a balance of hardships favoring the plaintiff, and (4) advancement of the public interest (in certain cases). The alternative test requires that a plaintiff demonstrate either a combination of probable success on the merits and the possibility of irreparable injury or that serious questions are raised and the balance of hardships tips sharply in his favor. 23 Taylor v. Westly, 488 F.3d 1197, 1200 (9th Cir. 2007). “These two formulations represent two 24 points on a sliding scale in which the required degree of irreparable harm increases as the 25 probability of success decreases.” Id. Page 3 of 7 1 The Supreme Court recently reiterated, however, that a plaintiff seeking an injunction 2 must demonstrate that irreparable harm is “likely,” not just possible. Winter v. NRDC, 129 S. Ct. 3 365, 37476 (2008) (rejecting the Ninth Circuits alternative “sliding scale” test). The Ninth 4 Circuit has explicitly recognized that its “possibility” test was “definitively refuted” by Winter, 5 and that “[t]he proper legal standard for preliminary injunctive relief requires a party to 6 demonstrate ‘that he is likely to succeed on the merits, that he is likely to suffer irreparable harm 7 in the absence of preliminary relief, that the balance of equities tips in his favor, and that an 8 injunction is in the public interest.’” Stormans, Inc. v. Selecky, 586 F.3d 1109, 1127 (9th Cir. 9 2009) (quoting Winter, 129 S. Ct. at 374) (reversing a district court’s use of the Ninth Circuit’s 10 11 pre-Winter, “sliding-scale” standard and remanding for application of the proper standard). A recent Ninth Circuit ruling relying largely on the dissenting opinion in Winter parsed 12 the language of Winter and subsequent Ninth Circuit rulings and ruled that the sliding scale test 13 remains viable when there is a lesser showing of likelihood of success on the merits amounting 14 to “serious questions,” but not when there is a lesser showing of likelihood of irreparable harm. 15 See Alliance for the Wild Rockies v. Cottrell, No. 09-35756, 2010 WL 2926463, at *5–7 (9th Cir. 16 July 28, 2010). As a preliminary matter, to the extent this interpretation of Winter is inconsistent 17 with that in Selecky, Selecky controls. See Miller v. Gammie, 335 F.3d 889, 899 (9th Cir. 2003) 18 (en banc) (holding that, in the absence of an intervening Supreme Court decision, only the en 19 banc court may overrule a decision by a three-judge panel). In any case, the Supreme Court has 20 made clear that a movant must show both “that he is likely to succeed on the merits [and] that he 21 is likely to suffer irreparable harm in the absence of preliminary relief . . . .” Winter, 129 S. Ct. at 22 374 (citing Munaf v. Geren, 128 S. Ct. 2207, 2218–19 (2008); Amoco Prod. Co. v. Gambell, 480 23 U.S. 531, 542 (1987); Weinberger v. Romero-Barcelo, 456 U.S. 305, 311–12 (1982)) (emphases 24 added). To satisfy Winter, the movant must show that he is “likely” to succeed on the merits. To 25 the extent the Cottrell court meant to imply that its “serious questions” standard was a lesser Page 4 of 7 1 standard than “likely,” it is inconsistent with Winter and Selecky. The Court must reconcile the 2 cases by interpreting the Cottrell “serious questions” requirement to be in harmony with the 3 Winter/Selecky “likelihood” standard, not as being in competition with it. The movant must 4 therefore show that there are serious questions as to the merits of the case such that success on 5 the merits is likely. A claim can be weaker on the merits if it raises “serious questions” and the 6 amount of harm the injunction will prevent is very great, but the chance of success on the merits 7 cannot be weaker than “likely.” 8 B. 9 TRO Motion Plaintiff’s request for injunctive relief and temporary restraining order fails to provide 10 this court with any indication of Plaintiff’s likelihood of success or the irreparable harm that will 11 be suffered by the Plaintiff. A review of Plaintiff’s pleadings, similarly, does not show how 12 Plaintiff will “likely” be successful on his claim. Plaintiff claims that the motion from the relief 13 of stay in Bankruptcy Court is not appropriate because Defendant knew that Plaintiff was no 14 longer the owner of the property. Plaintiff’s claim is not factually correct. Defendant filed the 15 motion for relief from the automatic stay in Bankruptcy Court on April 13, 2010, long before 16 Plaintiff conveyed the property to Ms. Franco on May 20, 2010. (See In re: Takehiro Mitamur, 17 No. BK-10-10006-bam). Plaintiff could have petitioned the Bankruptcy Court to deny the relief 18 from stay or challenge the foreclosure during the Bankruptcy proceedings, but failed to do so. 19 Next, Plaintiff claims that the Defendant is supposed to notify Ms. Franco of the foreclosure sale 20 as she is the legal owner, but fails to provide any evidence that Ms. Franco was not notified. 21 Plaintiff’s Exhibit A shows that a Notice of Trustee Sale was recorded on 12/10/2009, 4/2/2010 22 and 6/3/2010. The first two notices put Ms. Franco on notice that foreclosure proceedings were 23 pending on the property before she obtained legal title to the property and the third notice 24 similarly gives Ms. Franco notice of an impending action against the Property. Either way, if 25 Ms. Franco was the record owner of the property when the foreclosure took place, then it is Ms. Page 5 of 7 1 Franco’s cause of action now. Thus, the Plaintiff has failed to show that he will likely succeed 2 on the merits. 3 Accordingly, Plaintiff has also not shown how he will be irreparably harmed if a 4 preliminary injunction and temporary restraining order are not granted. Plaintiff’s argument that 5 he conveyed the property to Ms. Franco actually cuts against the harm that would be caused by 6 the foreclosure proceeding. If Plaintiff no longer holds legal title to the property he cannot claim 7 that property will be taken from him if a temporary restraining order is not instituted. It is Plaintiff’s burden to satisfy the Ninth Circuit’s four part test for a TRO. See Taylor 8 9 488 F.3d at 1200. As discussed above Plaintiff’s scarce briefing of factors one and two do not lie 10 in his favor. Furthermore, Plaintiff has not briefed factors three and four at all. The Court will 11 not make inferences for the Plaintiff and thus finds that these two factors do not establish the 12 proof necessary to issue a TRO. Accordingly, the Court denies Plaintiff’s TRO motion. 13 C. 14 Ex Parte Relief Local Rule 7-5 states, “[a]ll ex parte motions applications or requests shall contain a 15 statement showing good cause why the matter was submitted to the court without notice to all 16 parties, [and][a]ll ex parte matters shall state the efforts made to obtain a stipulation and why a 17 stipulation was not obtained.” The standard for obtaining ex parte relief under Rule 65 is very 18 stringent. Reno Air Racing Ass'n v. McCord, 452 F.3d 1126, 1130 (9th Cir.2006). The Court will 19 only issue an ex parte TRO where it appears there would be an irreparable injury before the 20 responding party can be heard. Fed.R.Civ.P. 65(b)(1)(A). Rule 65’s stringent restrictions on ex 21 parte relief “reflect the fact that our entire jurisprudence runs counter to the notion of court action 22 taken before reasonable notice and an opportunity to be heard has been granted both sides of a 23 dispute.” Granny Goose Foods, Inc. v. Bhd. of Teamsters & Auto Truck Drivers, 415 U.S. 423, 24 438-39 (1974). 25 Plaintiff has given no reason, let alone demonstrated “good cause why” this matter was Page 6 of 7 1 submitted to the court without notice to all parties under Local Rule 7-5(a)’s requirement. 2 Therefore, the Court finds that the Plaintiff has not met his burden in submitting the filing under 3 ex parte seal. Accordingly, the Court hereby orders the Clerk of the Court to unseal the 4 documents filed ex parte. 5 6 7 8 9 10 CONCLUSION IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT Plaintiff’s Motion for Injunctive Relief and a Temporary Restraining Order (ECF No. 2) is DENIED. IT IS FUTHER ORDERED that the Clerk of the Court shall unseal this ex parte motion as Plaintiff has failed to comply with the requirements of Local Rule 7-5. DATED this 6th day of October, 2010. 11 12 13 14 ________________________________ Gloria M. Navarro United States District Judge 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 Page 7 of 7
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