Peterson v. Paddy, No. 1:2017cv02301 - Document 30 (N.D. Ga. 2017)

Court Description: MEMORANDUM OPINION. Signed by District Judge Glen E. Conrad on 6/19/17. (hnw) [Transferred from Virginia Western on 6/21/2017.]

Download PDF
I THE UNI N TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT FOR THE W ESTERN DI STRI OF VI CT RGW I A CHARLOTTESVI LLE DI SI VI ON ', N CLERK' OFFI U,S, ST. S CE DI COUIT R ATCHARL ESVIE,b j OU L ' b FI ED L JUN 1! 2 1 27 JULI . A BY: ' ' D L , cLE N Ax cY PETERSON ,CON SERV A TOR Fo R M A D AY LY N PETERSON , Ci lAc i No.3: 6CV00026 vi ton 1 Pl i if a ntf , M EM OM NDUM O PI ON NI I QEVI LEONARD PADDY, N H on. l n E.Corr d Ge la ChifUnie St t sDititJ ge e t d a e src ud De e n . f nda t Plitf Na c Pee s n,a c ns r ao f rM a ln Pee s n ($ d ln',fld t s anif n y tro s o e v tr o day tro ç ay ' e hi Ma ) di r iy aci n a i Ke n Leo r Paddy,M adayn' bi ogialf t r a s ri cam s o ve st to gan vi na d l s ol c ahe , s e t ng li f as a ta ba tr a i e i i lci ofe o i dites . Unbe wns t t pl i if s ul nd te y nd nt ntonal nfiton m tonal sr s kno t o he antf, Pa m o d fom Go dons le Vigi at Suwa e Ge gi s ve a m ont be or t aci n ddy ve r r vil , r ni o ne , or a e r l hs f e he to wa fld Pees nha no mo e t ta frv n u d r28U. C.j 1 6 a. Th moin s ie . tro s w v d o rnse e ue n e S. 40 () e to hasbe n f l bref d a i rpef diposton. Fo t r as nss tf t bel t c twil e uly i e nd s i or s ii r he e o e orh ow, he our l gr tt moton a ta f rt c et t Unied St t sDiti tCo tf t Norhe n Ditit an he i nd r ns e he as o he t a e src ur or he t r src o Ge g a Ata t Di son. f or i , l n a vii Backzround M adayn wasbo n t Pee s a Pa i Augus o 1 l r o tr on nd ddy n t f 994. Att ttme,Pee s a ha i tr on nd Pa r sded i Twe yni Pam s Ca ior a whe e Pa wass vng a a l nc c por i ddy e i n nt ne l , lf ni , r ddy er i s a e or al n Peterson v. Paddy Doc. 30 t e Urtd Stts M aie Co . l Se tmb r o 1 9 ,M a ay s fe e mutp e ij re , h l e ae rn ms n pe e f 9 4 d ln u fr d lil nu is i i l ng s l f a tles w hie i Pa nc udi kul r c tr , l n ddy' c r . I J nua y of 1 s ae n a r 995, a ge r l co tm a ta ne a ur - r i l convit d Pa ce ddy of a s uli M a l s a tng da yn. As a r ul, Pa es t ddy w a s nt nc d t 1 m o hs s e e e o 8 nt ' i ionm e ,ha hi m iiar r nk r duc d,a wasdihonor bl dic r fo t M a i s mprs nt d s lt y n e e nd s a y s ha ged r m he rne . Dockets.Justia.com Pees n camst a M a ay i p nna e ty d sbld a ar s l o t eij re t ts tro li h t d ln s e n nl ia e s e ut f h nu is ha he s ti d asa i a ,a t ts i i a bl ofca i f herpr pe t o tans tng busnes . usa ne n nf nt nd ha he s nc pa e rng or o ry r r aci i s I Se e rof201 Pe e s wa a nt d asM a l sco e v t by apr t c t nt n pt mbe 2, t r on s ppoi e dayn' ns r a or oba e our i he St t ofComl tc ,wher Pee s n now r i . The c e v t r hi ha be n r ne d by t ae ec iut e tr o esdes ons r a o s p s e e we he pr t c t m uli eoc asons m os r ce l o Aprl1 201 obae our on tpl c i , t e nty n i 9, 7. ha i , t r o Pe e s fl d t i t ntaci n a i tPa o Aprl1 201 Att ttm e Pe e s n t ron ie he nsa to ga ns ddy n i 2, 6. bele d t t Pa ive ha ddy wa sil r i ng i Gor vil Vigi a Pe e s a lged i t s tl esdi n dons le, r ni . tr on le n he c pli t t Pa om a nt ha ddy çs a i vi la r i ntof Louia Count Vig ni r i ng a 9 t n ndi dua nd esde i s y, r i a, esdi t La rlOa Ct Go d n vle VA 2 9 2' Co l! 8 Do k t .1 Pres n frh ralg d u e k , r o s il, 24. ' mp . , c e No . tro u te le e t a tv e uei p o ri t sDititpzs a tt 2 U. C.j1 1 9( )'sn eçheDee a t h tG ln s r pe n hi src l u n o 8 S. g r 39 0 1, ic s 1 t fnd n r sd si Lo iaCo ny Vigna wh c flswihnt ej rs ito o ti c u t' 1 . t 1 . ei e n u s u t, r ii, ih al t i h u id cin f h s o r. d a ! 0 ' Pe e s se f rst s r e Pa a t a es i Gor vil w e et uc e s ul The t r on' f o t o e v ddy t he ddr s n dons le r ms c s f . a e si i agae commt t On M a 21 201 t pr s s r rG pokewih s cziy,' nd ddr s s n td miy. y , 6,he oce s e ve d s t e lrt 'a was a s t t Paddy C ks o oft dvied ha G wor ut own.' Afi of Due Dii nc Doc tN o.7. The ' fd. lge e, ke pr e ss r e wasf rhera s d t t( to poi t hous w a f s l 'b Pa tssilhe oc s e v r u t dvie ha t ne nt he a e s or ae' ut ddy ç tl t i o r' L- On May 23,201 a ma who a wee t doort t hous i Gor vil wne . d ' a 6, n ns rd he o he e n dons le a s d t pr e s s r ert thewasr ntng t hous fom Pa dvie he oc s e v ha e i he e r ddy,a t tPa m a be i nd ha ddy y n Geo g a r i. Pe e s s e nty s t r on ubs que l ubpoe e pa r l r or fom Pe e s s e oye . The na d y ol ec ds r t r on' mpl r pa ol r c ds ls Padd s a r s as 1 yr l e or i t y' dd e s 270 W a e V i w La ,Suwane Geo g a 30024. The tr e ne e, r i r c ds as i c t t tPa e or lo ndi ae ha ddy' tlng saus f r sae i m e t x pup os i C s ii tt o t t nco a es s C Si e,1' GA, ngl ,' a t tGe g ai m et esha be wihhe d fom Pa y' pa he ks. Pe s nd ha or i nco u ve en t l ' r dd s yc c r onala Che k nd c I onna i D oc tN o.7. nf ton, ke 2 Pe e s s e nty s r ed Pa att a e si Geo g a. On Se t t r on ubs que l e v ddy he ddr s n ri p embe 27,201 r 6, ni ha s e i nt Padd fl d a a wert t c y ie n ns o he ompl i . l hi a we ,Pa ant n s ns r ddy de ed t the i a r sde of Lo iaComt , r ii . Se Ans r!7(1 r s o et t ealg to sst o t i p r g a h8 u s t y Vign a e we $ n e p ns o h le ain e f rh n a a rp , t s e ha s tealg to aed nida dsrc p o fi de n e tlro ). He al o denid t tvenue i h l ains r e e n tit r o s ma d d l e f' e e p o e i ti dsrc . J a !8(ç r s o s t tealg to ss t o t i p rg a h 9a 1 , r p r n h s itit . t çn e p n e o h le ain e f rh n a a rp s nd 0 Z l ie t e alg to sae d ne a d src p o fi d ma e t ee . However,he never fl d a h le ain r e id n tit r o s e nd d h rof' ). m o i t dimi sorta f ront tba i. ton o s s r ns e ha ss On Ap i 1 2 7 Pa d mo e f rsl r j d me to te g o n t tVigni' rl 7, 01 , d y v d o l mma y u g n n h r u d ha r i as sa e oflm iai nsgover a ba t pl ntf ca ms l li bre i s t mt s i t to n nd r he ai ifs li . n ls i f n uppor o t moton, t f he i Pa ddy co me t the ç nfr d ha t now r sdes i Ge gi ' Br i Su ofM ot t Dimis and f e i n or a.' . n pp. .o s s or Slm m . .1 D oc tN o.1 l J , ke 7. I rs n e pons ,Pe e s a g d t tt c ts d e oy t saut of lm ia i of e t r on r ue ha he our houl mpl he t t es i ttons Caio ni whe e t alege wr ng oc r d,orGeo gi,whe e Pee s now r i s a t t lf r a, r he l d o cure r a r tr on esde , nd ha he ca mswoul bede r li d emedtmel unde t a i a esa u esi et rsat l t at r tve i y r he pplc bl t t t n ihe t e. n he le nai , Pe e s r quese t tt c tta f rt c e t Calf ni orGe r a. t r on e t d ha he our r ns e he as o ior a o gi Th r a tr Pees n fldt ei tn moin t ta se v n u d r2 U. C.j1 0 () ee fe , tro ie h nsa t to o r n fr e ue n e 8 S. 4 6a. Pee s a guest tve i i ope i t sditit snc Pa doesnotr i i Vigi aa tr on r ha nue s mpr r n hi src , i e ddy esde n r ni nd t a t co pl ne ofdi notoccl i t ssae. he c s m ai d d tr n hi t t On M a 25,201 Pa fl a bre i opposton t t m oto Conta y t hi y 7, ddy ied if n ii o he i n. rr o s a we ,i whi hhea fr ai l de e t tve i pr pe i t sditit Pa now mant i ns r n c fim tvey ni d ha nue s o r n hi src , ddy i ans t thei siladomi iir ofVigi a a t ttve ... ope l le i t W e t r Dititof ha s tl cla y r ni , nd ha l nue pr ry is n he se n src Vigi a.' Def' Br i Opp' 3,Doc tNo.26. I a ac ompanyi a fda t Pa y sa e r ni ' .s . n n ke n n c ng fi vi, dd tt s t th G eives i lk l ta ( )wil et' t Vigz ai a p o maey 34 y a s'a trh s ha e t le lq t iey h t he l rtun o r ii n p r xi tl - e r y fe i b l ' 3 grfind sy u g s c idg a u tsfo h g sho l P d yAfi !9 Do k t . 6. Paddy ilre ' o n et h l rd ae r m i h c o . a d fd. , c e No 2 alo i caest the silownst r sde e i Loui a Co t Vigi at ti c r nty bei s ndi t ha tl he e i nc n s un y, r ni ha s ure l ng r ntd,ha heownsno r alpr ry i Ge gi,t her t r t Vigi aonc am o h f wor e e t t e ope t n or a hat e u ns o r ni e nt or k oblga i and fe nty f s i lg he i ,a t the co i r Vigi a t be hi ho e i tons r que l or oc a at rngs nd ha nsde s r ni o s m s at t e. On Jme2,20l Pe e s fl d ar pl bre ,a o wih a ii na e de i s t 7, t r on e e y i f l ng t ddto l vi nce n uppor of t t pe ngm oton t ta f r Thea tonale de e i l svotrr co dsfom t Stt o he ndi i o r nse . ddii vi nc nc ude e e r r he ae f Ge gi whih i é t t tPadd r it r d t vot i t tsa eon J r r 20, 6, nd t thi or a, c ndi a e ha y eg se e o e n ha t t ama y 201 a ha s vot rr gi t a i r ai a tve. e e sr ton em ns c i Di c s on s us i Pees n' moin t ta se v n e i b o h pls n t 28U. C.j 1 0 () Un e tro s to o rn fr e u s rug t t ua t o r S. 4 6 a. d r t s sa ut i a ca e i br hi tt e, f s s oughti a dititwhe e ve n src r nue i C ong,'t ditit c tç hal sç wr ' he src our ç l s d s s , ri i b i t itrs o j sie ta se s c c s t a yd src o dviini whihi imis o ft e n he ne et f u tc ,r n fr u h a e o n itit r i so n c t c ul ha eb e b o g t' 2 U. C. 1 0 () Thep o so t ee o ea to ie ds s a o o d v e n r u h . 8 S. j 4 6 a . ' r viin h r fr uh rz s imis l r ta f ronl whe ve i l o 'i t f um i whi ht aci wa sl d. r ns e y n nue s i ng' n he or n wr c he ton s e (-hi q s i n - w he he ve i t o or Gm pr pe '- i ge r l gove e by 28 s s ue t o f t r nue s wr ng' i o r s ne aly m d U. C. 1 91' Al. ai eCo sr Co v. tdSae DitCo r,1 4 S Ct5 8 5 7( 01 ) S. j 3 . tM rn n t. . Uni tt s s. u t 3 . . 6 , 7 2 3 . ' e Tha p o iinsae t tda cvla to ma b b o g ti - ( )aj d ca d src i whc a y t r v so tts ha d q ii cin y e r u h n 1 u iil itit n ih n g d fn a trsd s i a1d fn a t aersd n so teS aei wl c t d src i l c td ()a e e d n e ie , f 1 ee d ns r e ie t f h tt n l h he itit s o ae ; 2 i j dca dsrc i wh c a s bsa t lpa to t e e e t o o s in gv n Hs t te cam u iil itit n ih u tni r f h v n s r miso s ii g e o h li a o c re . . o ( )i t r i nod src i wl c a a to ma oh r s b b o g t sp o ie c u rd . ; r 3 f hee s itit n l h n cin y t e wie e r u h a r vd d i i t i s cin a y j iildsrc i whih a y d fn n i s b e tt t c u tsp ro a n h s e to , n udca itit n c n ee da t s u j c o he o r' es n l j rs ito wihr s e tt s c a to ' 28U. C.j 3 ( ) Th , e v n ei c aln e u idcin t e p c o u h cin. ' S. 1 91b . us wh n e u s h le g d 4 u d rj1 6 a,û ec u t t ee i wh t e t ec s flswihno eo t tr ec tg re n e 40 () Sh o r mus d tnnne eh r h a e al ti n fhe h e ae o is t sto t nj1 91b . l i d e , e uei p o e ;f t o sn tv n i i rpe a dt ec s mu t e u i 3 ( ) ft o s v n s r p r ii d e o , e ue s mp o r n h a e s bedimisd o ta fredEq' At. ai 1 S.Ct a 577. s se r rnser .' lM rne, 34 .t I t sc e,i i I diput t tno oft a sgi ng rs t Pee s scli socc r d n hi as t s m s ed ha ne he ct vi ie o tr on' am ure i Vigni,a d tu t tt sd src i no te p o rv n u d rj 1 ()2 . I se d t e n r i a n h s ha hi itit s t h rpe e ue n e 391b () n t a , h pa tesdiput whehe Pa çesde 'i t sdititoradititi Ge gi,f pur e ofj ri s e t r ddy d i s' n hi src r src n or a or pos s 1 91b ( ) 3 ( )1 . Se to 1 91c p o ie t a,o v n ep r o e , nid vd a i û e me t rsd i t e cin 3 () r vd s h tf r e u u p s s a n i iu l s ç e d o e ie n h d j dca d sdc i wh c t tp ro i d mii d' 2 U. C.j1 91c . Esa ls i gd mii u iil it t n ih ha e s n s o cl . 8 S. 3 () tb ih n o cl e ' e E e r physc l pr s nce co e wih a i e t m a t St t a home. J s quies r i a e e , upld t n nt nt o ke he a e ' ohns v. ' on Ad a c Am.5 9F.d9 2 9 7n. (t Ci. 0 8 . Al o g a idviu lc nh v o l o e v n e , 4 3 3 , 3 2 4 h r 2 0 ) t u h n n i d a a a e ny n h dom iiea atm e heç a c ngehi do i l Cnsa l by tki up r s de ei a he sae c l t i , i y ha m s m cie i t nty a ng e i nc n not r t t wih t i e t r mai t r H ene d noti e t r ma npe ma nty a hi ne domi ie i t he nt nt o e n he e. e nt nd o e i r ne l t s w cl ; t ie s nough t the i e t m a t ne sa eli ho e a t theha no pr s nti en i of ha nt nds o ke he w tt ls m nd ha s e e nt ton g i eswh r .' S g n v. c n n Ge Ho p. I . 5 2 F.S p 2 5 9 58 ( . Va ong le e e' e e Bu ha a n. s . nc, 5 ' u p. d 7 , 3 W D. . 20 7 ( il ms J)(uoigGn l v Uni dS ae , 0 F. u p. 9 , 9 ( D. .1 9 ). 0 ) W li , . q tn mbel . t tts 9 4 S p 4 4 4 7 E. Va 9 5 ) n i e I de e ni whe e a i vi ua ç esde ' f r ve pu pos s ç ours c i r t n t nni ng r n ndi d l ' i s' o nue r e , G t onsde he r c s me f co s n a tr .a t y d i d tr nig giq ctz n hp f r p po e o dv riy o s he o n eemi n l s i e s i o u s s f ie st f l i ctz ns i . W rg t M ilr 1 D Fe . a . P o .l i. 38 (t e . 7 . S hf co s i e h p' ih & le, 4 d Prc & r c Jz s j 05 4h d 201 ) uc a t r i ' r i l nc ude,bu a e notlm ie t t i vi l s i r e r i nc vot r r gi taton a votng t r i t d o, he ndi dua ' t r nt esde e; e e s r i nd i cu pr tc s st of pe s na a r l pr pe t l t o of br r ge a bn a co mt ; ac i e ; ius r o l nd ea o ry; oca i n oke a nd nk c t s me mberhi i uni ns fa e na or ni tons c lc ,cl ,a ot r a s a i ;pl e of s p n o , r t r l ga za i , htr hes ubs nd he s ocitons ac e o nto busne s drve' lc ns a a omobiergitai gndjpa ntoft e . mplyme r i s ; i rs ie e nd ut l e srton; a yme u s' ' 5 Blo v.Lirr Cop. 1 2F. p .3 49 ,5 2 ( D. . . 1 ) s eas UDX.LLC v. om b a y r , 1 Su p d 8 0 N. W Va 20 5 ; e lo He v r 5 3 B. 51 ,51 ( . N. 2 5 (itn t e sme fco s. t u t d tr n a a ne, 3 R. 1 5 M D. C. 01 ) lsig h n a tr) G rs ee mie co pa t s dom iie on a c e by c e bass c i rng a 1oft cr um sa s s r t ng a ry' cl as as i, ons de i l he ic t nce uro mdi n i vi lssma i ' Bl ,11 F.Supp. a 502. W hieno sngl f c ori dee mi tve, ndi dua ' i ton. ' oom 2 3d t l i e a t s tr na i s ef t sc lym or we g t n o he s I l i tnc , hesa ei whih a i vi li om acor a' r e i ht ha t r . d. Tor nsa e t t t n c n ndi dua s r gitr d t vot r ies a pr s pto t tt i i duali a ctze oft t sa e' Hal v. e se e o e a s e um i n ha he nd vi s ii n ha t t .' l Ne t n No 5:4-v 0 0 2 2 5 U. Dit LEXI 8 7 8 a *1 ( . Va Jme2 ,20 5 sma , . 1 c - 0 6 , 01 S. s. S 3 2 , t 2 W D. . t 9 1 ) ( b ns iJ)(nena ctto o te ) s eas Blo 1 2F. u p. da 5 3(mp a iigt a Ur a k , . itr l iain mitd ; e lo o m, 1 S p 3 t 0 e h szn h t . ç o rs h ve f t a pat s v trr gsrto ...t b o pat ua i o tn e' (ne n l l u t a omd c ry' oe e itain o e f ri lr mp ra c ' itr a c ) ctto o te ) F rh nno e a pat ' o sae n s o hs itn e d miie ae G o iains mitd . u te r, ry s wn ttme t f i n e d d o cl r d t n c l i 'a a et ntte t ltl we ghtwheni c lc wih t f t ' W e v. a 361 onc usve' nd r l ild o ite i e n onfit t he acs. ' bb Nol n, F. u p. 8 4 ( . N. 1 7 ) afd 48 F.d 1 4 ( t Ci. 9 3 ;s eas M oi o Val S p 41 , 21 M D. C. 9 2 , f , 4 2 0 9 4h r 1 7 ) e lo ln s le De Ci o C. o A. Ln , 3 F.d 1 3 ,1 4 ( 1h Ci. 01 )(ç u t g neal gv ltl 1 ba . p r v. ma 6 3 3 3 0 3 2 1 t r 2 1 E rs e rly ie it co e weg t oap ry sp ofsi no d miie. . e a s t e ed ca ainsa eo tns l-evn ' ih t a t' r e so f o cl . b c u e h s e lrto r fe efs r ig. ). Upo r vi w of t r cor t c !tc l s t t s h c lc e ss i t s c e. n e e he e d, he otr onc ude ha uc onfit xit n hi as Acc di t Pa sdeca ai heha be nr sdi i Geo gi snc De mbe of2015 be or or ng o ddy' lr ton, s e e i ng n r a i e ce r , f e t i t nta ton wasfl a he i e t r m an t r f rt ne s ve a ye r . Pe e s s he nsa c i ed, nd ntnds o e i he e o he xt e r l a s t r on' pa ol r cor ha be n u t t r fec hi Geor a a e s a Geo g ai ome t sha yr l e ds ve e pdaed o e l t s gi ddr s , nd r i nc axe ve be n wihhed fom Pe e s spa hec . Addii ly,a pe ha m os i e t l r t r on' yc ks tona l nd r ps t mpora ty,Peeron tn l t s i r gi t e t vot i G e g a whi h r s a pr s l pton t the i a c tze oft tsa e. H a l s e s er d o e n or i , c aies e tm i ha s ii n ha t t l, 201 U. Dit LEXI 83728,a #1 s e as Grfi v.M a t ws 31 F.Supp.3 ,343 5 S. s . S t 2; e lo ifn the , 0 41 ( . N. 1 6 ) Ev nwi u s hp e u to , we e, tro svoe r gsrto wo l M D. C. 9 9 . e t t uc rs mp in ho v r Pee s n' tr e itain u d ho silc ry co i r bl we g ,e pe a l i lg oft a i a evotrr r m e s Se e. , tl a r nsde a e i ht s cily n i ht he pplc bl e equie nt . es g. 6 Lt q itv. e iinValy Av ai m I c, 4 F. 8 1 ( s Ci. 9 1 (bs r ig b s do md u s Prcso le ito n .9 6 2d , 2 1 t r 1 9 ) o e vn , a e n t a i a eNe Hn hiesaut ,t tt co tt e e t ih no s h pr umpto t a ee he pplc bl w mps r t t e ha he ur ç d sabls ne uc es i n o gr t tLt q itsv t r gsrto c risweg f). By sau e a idviu l sn teiil t ha md us' oi e itain are ih ng ttt, n n i d a i o lgbe o v t i Ge r i l e sh i aG iie o g o ga a d o t eUntd S ae , a daçe i e to o e n o g a l s e s ç tz n f Ge r i) n f h ie tts' n ç sd n f nl c ' r ( o ga a d o te c u t o mu ii aiy i wh c h ... e k t v t. Ga Co eAn j Ge r i) n f h o n y r ncp lt n ih e s e s o o e' . d n. ' 212 21 () Fo p r s so t esaesv tn rq ie n s dth rsd nc o a ypes ns l - - 6 a . r u po e f h tt ' o ig e ur me t,i q e e ie e f n ro hal g behel t bei t tpl ei whih s h pe s sha t ton i txe wiho a pr s n i e to d o n ha ac n c uc r on' bia i s i d, t ut ny e e t nt n i n o rmo n t rfo ' Ga Co eAn .j212 21 Gi e t s sau o yp o iins Pa d s f e vig heer m. ' . d n - - 7. v n he e ttt r r v so , d y' v tr e itaini da tmo n t arp e e tto o ( o ga d miiet v tngo fcas'a d o e r gsrto s d nn u to e r s nain f Ge r ij o cl o oi fiily n t ' c tmt st i fc ntcoun e valng e de ofi e t r m an' i Geor a. Lt ons i e i gnii a s t r ii vi nce ntnt o e i ' n gi mdguit 946 s, F. a 1 13. 2d t 2- Ba e o t ef rg i e d n e t c u t fo d ltl weg tot es b e tv sae n s s d n h o e ong vie c ,he o r af r s it ih t h u jcie ttme t e i Pa d src n afd vt Alh u ht ee i s me o j ciee d n et s p r t ea s rin n d y' e e t fi a i. t o g h r s o b e tv vie c o u po t h seto t the r m ansa domi iir ofVigi a,i l ng t f c t the co i ha e i cla y r ni ncudi he a t ha ntnuest own a hom e i o n Lo s Co mt t gr trwe gh oft e de e s uia t y, he eae i t he vi nc upporst pl ntf poston o t sis . t he ai ifs ii n hi s ue I sl ,gi n t s cik cr umsa e pr s nt i t sc s ,a c i rngt e de ei is n tm ve he pe f ic t nc s e e ed n hi a e nd onsde i he vi nc n t e ie y,t c tc l s t tPa y c nge hi domi ie t Ge gi be or t sa ton wa ntr t he our onc ude ha dd ha d s cl o or a f e hi c i s fld a dt a v nu i t rf r i r p rt e j1 91b ( ) e , n h t e e s heeo e mp o e md r 3 ( )1 . Ra he t n dimi sng t c e f i ope ve t r ha s s i he as or mpr r nue,t c tfndst tt i e e tof he our i ha he nt r s j tc wo dbes r edbyta fri t c et adititi whih i c dha be nbr usie ul ev rnserng he as o src n c t oul ve e ought i tal Se 28 U. C.j 1 a. l lgh oft c tsc l i t tPaddy Sesde' i niily. e S. 406() n i t he our' oncuson ha ç i s' n r Ge r i f r p p o e o j 1 91b ( ) n sn e Ge r i wo l be mo e c n ne t ta o g a o u ss f 3 ( )1 ,a d ic o g a ud r o ve in h n Calf n af bot sdes t c t l e r ieisdic e i t ta f rt c et t a o it ior i or h i , he our wil xe cs t s r ton o r ns e he as o he ppr pra e f der lco ti Ge gi e a ur n or a. C oncl on usi Fort r as sa e t c twilgr ntPee s smoton t ta f rve he e ons tt d, he our l a t r on' i o r nse nue. The c s ae wilbeta f r e t t Unied St t Diti Cour f t Norhe n DititofGeo gi ,Ata a l r nse r d o he t aes srct t or he t r src r a lnt Di so Ea h sdei t be isown c t,e ns ,a a t ne f e i uredher i t da e vii n. c i s o ar t os s xpe es nd tor ys' e s nc r en o t . Al o he pendi motonsa e lf t t dic e i oft ta f r eco t 1t r ng i r e t o he s r ton he r nse e ur. TheClr i die tdt sndc e oft sme r ndum o nin a, t ac ompan ng ek s r ce o e opis hi mo a pi o 11 he c 1 yi or e t a lc d r o l ouns lofr co d. e e r t D ATED : s l da ofJme, 2017. Thi ql y . Chi fUnied St t DititJ e t aes src udge 8

Some case metadata and case summaries were written with the help of AI, which can produce inaccuracies. You should read the full case before relying on it for legal research purposes.

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.