Pavarini Construction Co. (SE), Inc. v. ACE American Insurance Company, No. 1:2014cv20524 - Document 144 (S.D. Fla. 2015)
Court Description: ORDER Granting In Part and Denying In Part. Signed by Senior Judge James Lawrence King on 10/29/2015. (jw) Modified/restricted document per Chambers on 10/29/2015 (sk).
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Pavarini Construction Co. (SE), Inc. v. ACE American Insurance Company Doc. 144 UNI TED STATES D I STRICT CO URT SO UTH ERN DI STRI OF FLO RI CT DA CA SE NO .14- vc 20524- NG KI PAVA M NICON STRUCTI CO . ( E)I . ON S nc, aDel r Co por i i vi l , awa e r aton, ndi dualy a f t us and be i of nd or he e neft STEADFA ST I NSURANCE COPM ANY , a De a r Cor a i l wa e por ton, Pl i if antf, VS. A CE AM ERI CAN I SURAN CE COM PANY , N aPe yl ni Cor a i n, nns va a por to De e nt f nda . / M A GRANTI I PART ER NG N PLAI FF' M OTI FOR SUM M ARY K DGM ENT NTI S ON - THI M ATTER c S omesbef e t Courtupon c os - otonsf s or he r sm i or umm a y J r udgm e nt ( 1 ) fld J y 1 , 5 Themo insa ef l b if d DE 28 , ie ul 3 201 . to r ul ree y . 1 . I NTRO DUCTI N O Pl ntf Pa r Consr ton Co. wast ge alc r t f c tuc i of900 ai if va ani tuc i he ner ontac or or onsr ton Bica Ba Condomi um , a6 -1 r 51 - ntc nd mi u (C ePrj c' . e DE 1 s yne y ni 3 foo , 6 u i o o nim 'h oe t' S e t ) 31 a ! 12.Theprj c wa i s r d b tr e r lv n i u a e p iis ( )t c mmec a tJ ! o e t s n u e y h e ee a t ns r nc ol e : 1 he o r il c g ne a la iiy ($ ' po iy is db Ame ia Ho Asu a eCo n (s rc n e r l ib l i t CGL' lc s ue y ) rc n me s r nc mpa y k Ame ia Ho ' ;( )t CGL po iy is e by Dee da t ACE Ame ia l s r nc Co a me' 2 he ) lc s u d fn n rc n n u a e mp ny (i ';a d ( )t Su g a d p iy is db S e d a tl s a e Co a y (it a a t' $ ACE' n 3 he b u r olc sue y ta f s n urnc mp n ' e dfs' ) s ) . S ei. t !2 - 4. e d a ! 02 Dockets.Justia.com The A merca H om e a ACE CGL polc es a e pa t of a Ow ne Contoled i n nd ii r r n r r l I s a ePr g a ($ P' ma u o as tofCGL p iisd sg dt p o i is r n e n urnc o r m $ OC1 ' de p f e ) ol e e ine o r vde n u a c c c v rg frteprjc o e,Ter- ltr to lBa hoe LLC,(s o e tOwn r', o ea e o h oe t wn r raAdi nenaina ys r, i jc pr e' ) a c rai of Pl i ips s onta t s w ih unior i ur nce cove nd e t n antf ubc r c or t f m ns a r f c am s of age or l i po e t d ma ea db iyijr Se i.a ! 1 - 2 Se aaey t Subguard polcy wih rp ry a g n odl nu y. e d t ! 7 2 . p rtl, he i t S e d a t(k e d a tpoiy' p ov d s c e a e t Plitf Pa r n Co tucin Co ta fs i a f s lc ' r i e ov r g o an if va a i nsr to st ) . ge alc r t f rs ofs ner ontacor or ik ubconta t c r c ualdef t r c or ont a t aul. as Se i a ! 2 , e d. t ! 4 26. The Ame ian Home polc co ai a $2 milo pe oc r nce lmi a a $4 rc iy nt ns lin r cure i t nd m ilon a e t lm i. Se i.a !2 ACE' p iy h sa$2 milo p ro c re e l t li ggr ga e i t e d t 0. S olc a 5 li n e c u rnc i mi a $25 milon a e t lmi S e i a ! 2 Th ACE CGL po iy i e e s o e t e nd li ggr gae i t e d. t 2, e lc s xc s v r h . Amerca Home CGL polc . Seei The Stadf tpol conti a $25 milon a e t i n iy d. e as i cy ans li ggr gae l tSe i.a !7 TheSta f s p iy' $ milo a g e a elmi a le n t u tt t e i . e d t 9. mi e d a t ol s 25 li n g r g t i t pp is o j s o h c 9 0Bic y Ba Co o nim bu t alc e e p o e t Se DE 1 a !5; 1 - a 0 s a ne y nd mi u t o l ov r d rj cs e 31 t DE 312 t . 1 11 11 115.The Am e i n H o e polcy, A CE polc a St adf tpolc c an 05, 0- , rca m i iy, nd e as i y ont i iot I ur nce'pr s onspr di t tt i ur s her ns a ' ovii ovi ng ha he ns ance i e es ove a ot ri ur e s xc s r ny he ns anc a ia e. e DE 1 a 23,1 . va lbl Se 23 t 02 Pl i if Pava a hied s ont a t Al n W , antf r ni r ubc r c or a S t l . (d S' f r t mih, nc i AW ' o he ) i tlai n ofc n rt ma o r u t(d U' wal a d c ran r i o cn se l See DE nsalto o c ee s n y ni $ CM ' ls n e ti enfr ig te ) . 1 1 a ! 1 Plitf hie s bc n r co TCOE Co po ai n (i 3 t 2. an if r d u o ta tr r rto $ TCOE' f t e s p y a ' or h u pl nd ) i t la i ofr i or i seelwihi t c ti pl ce conc e e c um ns bea s a s r nsa lton enf cng t t n he as-n- a r t ol m , nd hea , wal.Se i.a ! 1 AW S a d TCOE we e c vee b t Ame ia Ho a ACE ls e d t 3. n r o r d y he rc n me nd polci .See DE 11 at6;D E 1 a 7. The wor pe f m e by bot s ontac or was s i es 0 28 t k r or d h ubc r t s o s rousy de e . A sgnii ntamountofr nf ci se wa eiherom it d entr y or e i l sci nt i fca ei or ng t el s t te iel 2 i ope l i t l d t oughoutt buidi i l ng pl c e w ihi isc ii lconcr t mpr ry nsale hr he l ng, ncudi a em nt t n t rtca ee sr cu a ee n s c u i de tb l ain. e DE 1 0a 2; 1 1a !48 tu t r l lme t, a sng sa ii to S e z 1 t DE 3 t . The buidi s c l ng' ompr itd sr t a s om s tuc ur l uppor s t m r uled i e es i t yse es t n xc sve mo e n ofbu li g c mp ne t.Se DE 1 1 a ! , - 1 Thi,i t r c u e su c v me t id n o o n s e 3 t ! 5 5 . s n u n, a s d t c o 0 i * de ndi a c a ng on t wals of t buidi w or e ng c a ng ot c t i pl e bo ng nd r cki he l he l ng, s ni r cki as-n- ac . c n rt ee n s (olmn , b a , a d s a wal) a c a kig i t me h n c l o c ee lme t c u s e ms n he r ls, nd r c n n he c a ia pe hous e l ur on t r ,whi h l t w a e i r i See i nt e nc os e he oof c ed o t r ntuson. d. I De e r o 201 u n be o n a r o t e d ûc e y,t e Prj c Own r n c mbe f 0, po c mig wae f h e inc h o e t e s r d Plitf wih a f r a d ma t rparald ma . e i a ! 46. t AW S a d eve an if t o m l e nd o e i l a ge Se d. t Bo h n Pl i ifs antf oughti ndem nii ton t ough t Am e i n Hom e a ACE polc e . Se i.a ! fca i hr he rca nd iis e d t ! M l d t 9. 6 - 9. Ame ia Ho a A(E i ti l ref ed coverage. See i a ! 6 AW S wa 46 rc n me nd ' ni aly us . s . conta t ly oblga e t i r c ua l i t d o ndemriy Pl i iff t cos ofr paii da a c e by is tf a ntf or he t e rng m ge aus d t d fci wo k. e i a ! 6 l o d rt mt tiside i ain o lgain, S l o d e e tve r S e d. t 8, n r e o c t n mn sc to b i to AW o ke t t Am e i n H om e a ACE polc e f f ng. See i Re us l of c r ge by o he rca nd i i s or undi d. f a ove a A merca Home a ACE c rbut d t t contacua de a t of AW S, whi h t n i n nd onti e o he r t l f ul c he alwe Plitf t r c iec v r g tr u h t S e d a t olc Se i.a ! 6 - 0. l d an if o e ev o e a e h o g he t a f s p iy. e d t ! 9 7 o On Oc obe 5, 2011 a ntf a St df s e er d i o a Pa e A gr em e , t r ,Pl i if nd ea a t nt e nt ym nt e nt whe e St df s agr ed t a r by ea a t e o dvance f unds t Pl ntf f a oved cos s on an ongoi o ai if or ppr t ng b ss Se i a ! 7 l rt r Plitf p o s d t c n iue t pu s cams a an t a i. e d. t 5. n eu n, an if r mie o o tn o rue li g is Am e i n Hom e a ACE a t r y St adf t w ih a r cove y. Se i . Through rca nd nd o epa e as t ny e r e d r pa e ,Pl ntf r e ym nt ai if educe t a ountf whi h St df s ca s k r cove y. S e i.a ! s he m or c ea a t n ee e r e d t( 95. Il Dec n embe 201 , A merc Hom e a r 2 i an cknow ldged c e over ge. a 3 Cos s i ur ed by Pl i ifaspa tofis r m edi ton e f r si ude a o spa d t t nc r antf r t e a i f o t ncl m unt i o: cons t nt t i tga e t da agt a de i a pln of r m edi to i t l hur i ne ula s o nvesi t he m nd sgn a e a i n, ns a l rca n tig t p e e t b i ij r a d a dto lpr pet da ge i t l a sr t r lse l etn o r v n odl nu y n d iina o ry ma , nsal tucu a t e y e s ltn a amea pa lf ç d (heS ne S t m' t p o d t r q ie sr t r l xo keeo nd t l ne a a e t i l yse ' o x vi e he e ur d tucu a pa ) s uppor i t a e t n he bs nce of f tonal se bea s and r par t m ec ni al pe ho e unc i t el m , e i he ha c nt us e co u eo t er o . e i a ! 5 91 Thepa t sd no d s t t a Pli tf i c r d n ls r n h o f Se d. t ! 7, . ri o t ipu e h t an if n ure e $25,21474. i coss r ltng t t rm e ai e f .Se DE 1 a 13. Afe 1 , 84 n t eai o he e diton fort e 35 t tr ac countng f $2 m ilo r c r d fom t Amei n Home polc and r ltd s l ge i or lin e ove e r he rca iy eae ava e frs Pli tf s e at tlo $ , 1 ,9 44i da g s Se DE 1 a ! 1 0 fo t, an if e ks o a f 23 1 67 8. n ma e . e 31 t 0 . W hie t a ount i undiput t pa te dipu e t na ur a c r t r oft l he m s s ed, he ri s s t he t e nd ha ac e he l s SeeDE 1 a 1 3.Pl ntf cl m st tnone oft cos si l t r pai ofdef ctve os . 35 t ai if ai ha he t nc ude he e r e i wor is f r t r al r r we e of da a t ot wi e non- f tve buidi k t el; a he 1 epais r m ge o her s de ec i l ng c pone s Se DE 1 a 1 1 Def om nt , e 36 t 4- 5. endant c e s t t muc of t r pa r efor ount r ha h he e i f t a u tdt ad f c orparo t d f ciey i tle se lS eDE 1 a 3; 1 5 a 2 mo n e o e a t e i f he e e tv l nsald te. e 28 t DE 3 t Plitf b o h t i a to a ans Dee da tACE f rd ca ao yj g n s e ng an if r ug t h s cin g i t f n n o e lr t r ud me t e ki a a j iain oft rg t,d te , ndo i ai n u e t eACE poiy a d f rb e c of n dudc to he ih s u i s a blg to s nd r h lc n o r a h c nr c s e i g mo tr d ma s Th cos- to f rs mma yj dg n a d e stle o ta t e k n nea y a ge . e r smo ins o u r u me t d r s l e r man is e :( )wheh rPlitf h ssa dig t b i iscams ( )wheh rt d ma e i su s 1 t e an if a tn n o rng t li ; 2 t e he a g ca ed by t def tve wor of Pl ntf s ontac or i cover by t ACE CGL us he ec i k ai ips ubc r t s s ed he po iy;a d ( wh t rt Ameia Ho a ACE CGL po iiss u dpr r t wih t lc n 3) ehe he rc n me nd lce ho l o ae t he St a as polcy ba ed on t ot i ur nce pr sons A ddii l t r i a cola e a e df t i s he her ns a ovii . tonaly, he e s lt r l diput a t t a isbiiy ofc r an a fdaviss or t a t rt cl e ofdicover . s e s o he dm s i lt e t i fi t w n o fe he os s y 4 I. l LEG AL STAN DARD O N M OTI N FOR SUM M ARY JUDG M ENT O S mmay j d n i a p o rae whe e t e pla igs a d s p ri maeil u r u gme t s p r p it r h e dn n u po tng t ras e t bls t tt r i no genui is a t a m a e i lf ta t tt m ovi pa t i s a i h ha he e s ne s ue s o ny t ra ac nd ha he ng ry s e tte t j g n a amatroflw. eFe R. v. 56 Ceotx Co p. .Car t,4 7 n i d o ud me t s te a Se d. Ci P, ; l e r v tet 7 l U. 31 ,3 ( 9 6 .A f c i S t ra' i i ma d tr n t o t o u e t S. 7 22 1 8 ) a t s s eil f t y ee mi e he u c me nd r he ma ' a plc b es sa tvelw. de s n v Lie t Lo y,I c,4 7 U. 2 2,2 ( 98 ) The p ia l ub tn i a An r o . b ry bb n . 7 S. 4 48 1 6 . nonm ovi pa t mus s ng ry t how s ii f c s t s pec fc a t o uppor t tt e i a ge ne di put I at t ha her s nui s e. d . 2 6,On amo in f rs mma yj g nt t e c u tmus viw t e d n e a d rs vea1 5 to o u r ud me , h o r t e he vie c n e ol 1 i er nc i t lghtm os f vor bl t t nonm ovi pa t l a 255.I r vi ng t nf e es n he i t a a e o he ng ry. d. t n e ewi he r c r e i n e t eCo r ma no u e tk t j r sf n to o weg ngt ee d n eo e o d vde c , h u t y t nd ra e he u y' u c in f ihi h vie c r unde tki c e biiy de e m i tons Latme v Roarng To ,I . 601 F. 1 ra ng r di lt t r na i . i r . i yz nc, 3d 224,1 237 ( 1hCi. 0) 1 t r 201 . 11 1. STANDI NG D e e nt Ace Am e i n a gues t tPl ntf lcks sandi be us t St df s f nda rca r ha ai if a t ng ca e he ea a t polc pr ded cover ge a m a Pl i if whol Se DE' 1 a 17. l addii , i y ovi a nd de antf e. e . 28 t n ton Def ntcl m s t t St df s e es l w ave is c r ct a equia e s oga i enda ai ha ea a t xpr sy i d t onta ual nd t bl ubr ton rght a t ef e t e rght c d not ha bee as i d.See i a 1 17.Pl i if i s nd her or hos i s oul ve n sgne d. t 4antf diagr st tSt df s w ave is s oga i rght .Se DE 1 at4.l a ton, Pl ntf s ee ha ea a t i d t ubr ton i s e 36 n ddii ai if c e t ti hass f r die pec a y da a s f whi h i ha ye t be m adewhol . ont nds ha t uf e ed r ct unir m ge or c t s t o e Se i Spec fca l Pl i ifm ai ai t tt St df s polcy r quie i t pa t trt e d. ii ly, antf nt ns ha he ea a t i e r d t o y he s s $950, i da a ,t ti ha notye bee r mburs by St df s f $1721500. i 000 n m ges ha t s t n ei ed ea a t or , , 79 n dama s t t t unnec s y exhaus i of t St adf t polc ha ha m ed is rs ge , ha he es ar ton he e as iy s r t ik ma nageme porf i ,2 a d t t i i c r t l oblga ed t pur ue r ove y as a nt tolo n ha t s ontac ualy i t o s ec r condii t r i ng f t r pa e s fom St a as.Se i a 1 1 I s ,Pl ntf ton o ecevi urhe ym nt r e df t e d. t 2- 3. n um ai if cont ndst ti ha sa ng t brng t e cl m sbe us ofongoi ha m t i pendent e ha t s t ndi o i hes ai ca e ng r o nde , lgal pr ec e i e es s e ly ot t d nt r t , The Cour fnds t t Pl ntf ha sandi t brng t e cl m s Pli if has t i ha ai if s t ng o i hes ai . antf d onsr ed i i ofis lga l pr ec e i e e ti t St df tpolc Se M t Hawly em tat nvason t e ly ot t d nt r s n he ea as i y. e . e l . Co. ns S n y La e Pr pe de, I c, 4 F.d l 08 1 1 ( 1h Ci.2 5 . ad k o r s n . 25 3 3 , 3 1 1 t r 00 ) undiput d t t pur ua t t t r s oft St adf t polcy,Pl ntf has t contac ual s e ha , s nt o he e m he e as i ai if he r t rght t r ce ve c r i o e i ove age. Pl ntf rght t r ce ve c r ai ips i o e i ove age i now nea l e us e s ry xha t d, Pli ifhass f r a c r t a pa tcul rze ha m .Furher or Pl ntf hass a ntf ufe ed onc e e nd ri a i d r t m e, ai if hown a c ac aus l onnec i bet n De endantsr us t pr de c r ge a t depl ton oft ton wee f ' ef al o ovi ove a nd he ei he S e d a tpoiy. nal i i l ey, so po e t me eys e ultv , h tt eij ywil ta f s lc Fi ly,t s i l a p s d o r l p c ai e t a h nur lbe k r dr s e by a f vor e de son be us Pl ntf i c r t l r r d t purue e esd a abl cii ca e ai if s ontac ualy equie o s r cover a r pay St df s wih a f e y nd e ea a t t ny undst ti r ha t ecove s r duc ng t a ountf whi r , e i he m or ch S e d a tc n s e r c ey. eDE 1 a ! 75 Be a et a o a l i i r ig o t ta f s a e k e ov r Se 31 t . c us he b ve nayss s uln n he sa ng i s , i elm i t s t nee t addr s t contnued l tmacy of s ogaton t ndi s ue t i na e he d o es he i egii ubr i rght. i s he ndor em e m odiyi t s nt f ng he N one hel s t Cour not t t t l ngua of t e t es , he t es ha he a ge s ogaton clus doesnota a t a ountt a e e sw ave ofs oga i rght .To ubr i a e ppe r o m o n xpr s i r ubr ton i s t c ta y t e do s me t r q r s Pli if t i s it ( t a f s) u n r a o bl he onr r , he n re n e uie antf o s ss S e d a t, po e s na e a r que t i t enf c e s , n he or ement of a rght a ns a pe s or or nia i whih m ay be ny i gai t ny r on ga z ton c 2TheS e d a tp iy' $ 5milo l ta ple n t us t t 90 Bic y Ba ta f s ol s 2 l n i p is o j t o he 0 s a ne y c i mi Co o num b ti t ea r g t t alc v r d p o e t. e DE 1 a 5; 1 - a 1 5 nd mii u n h gg e ae o 1 o e e rj c sS e 31 t DE 312 t 0 , 11 11 11 0- , 5. 6 la et ( an if be a s ofLo st whih t si u a ea le ,icu n bu n tlmie ibl o Plitfj c u e s o c hi ns r nc pp is n ldig t o i td t flng any c ai sa enf c ng a lensors urt i er ta ns a Subc r t oris o ii l m nd or i ny i ec iy nt es gai t ontac or t pr t ' DE 1 1 2 a 1 The endor e opery.' 3 - t 07. s ment goes on t de a l t pr s by whih o t i he oce s c r over d f ec e unds a e t be diti ed bac t St adf t Se ll a 1 I s ,t pl i r o srbut k o e as. e ' t 08. n hort he an t ; l anguage oft endor em e e il St adf tt t r ove y off he s nt nttes e as o he ec r unds owe by r s d e ponsbl ie t r pa test isi ur d i or t of s tispa ent t et t e ctcr um s a e t t hid ri o t ns e n der o f e t ym s her œ- he xa ic t nc ha s oga i cont ubr ton empl t .The onl not worhy ditncton i t t t c r t dut t aes y e t s i i s ha he ontac ual y o ptr ue r ove y f lsupon t i ur d. ls ec r a l he ns e I V. COVERAGE De e f ndanta gue t tt r par t t buidi a e notcover by t ACE polc r s ha he e is o he l ng r ed he iy bec us t r par onl r m e ed t s ontac or 'def tvew or notd opery da a ' a e he e is y e di he ubc r t s bc i k, s pr t m ge' a defne i t ACE polc Thi Cour r ed on a srki y sm ia a gum e i is s i d n he i y. s t ul ti ngl i l r r nt n t Fe ua y 25,201 Or rDe ng Def nda ' M o i f rSumm a y J br r 5 de nyi e nts ton o r udgm ent DE 1 a 5, . 04 t Howe r att M ay 28,201 CaendarCa lt s Cour pe m it t pari t ' a s any ve , he 5 l l hi t r ted he tes o i ie r is e ...si i we e rne d a i i wee a mo i f rs mma yj g n . DE 1 2 a su a f t r e we s ft r ton o u r ud me t' ' 3 t 38. r or t Cour c i r t a gum e sdenov The ef e, he t onsde s he r nt o. l or rt under t t s n de o sand he cope ofcover ge unde t ACE polc i m us be r d a r he i y, t t ea t t rwih t A m e i n Home polcy,whih t A CE polc i or a e by r er ogehe t he rca i c he iy nc por t s ef ence. See DE 1 - a 71.The Am e i an Hom epolc pr descove a f it e s 31 2 t rc iy ovi r ge or shos ums t tt ha he i u e b c me lg ly o i td t pa a d ma e be a e o iod l ij r o ir et ns r d e o s e a l bl e o y s a g s c us f b iy n u y' r p op fy ga d ma 't whih (h li u a c a le . DE 1 - a 3 Th Ame ia Ho po iy a ge o c t e ns r n e pp is' ' 312 t1 . e rc n me lc d sn sC r p ry d ma e'a i l p ysc lij r t tngbl p o ry,ncu n a1r s tn e e i o e t a g ' s k l h i a n u y o a i e r pe t i ldig 1 e ulig p a j l s ofu e oft tp o e t 'a icu s t lo s ofus oftn bl p o ry t a i n t os s ha r p ry' nd n lde i j s g e a gi e r pe t h t s o 7 p ysc ly ij r d. f . a 2 Th Ame ia Ho po iy e l e fo c v r g 3 h i al n u e ' # t 7. e ' rc n me lc xcud s r m o e a e ( g lo ry d ma e t i u wo k'aiig ou o i o a y p r ofi a i l e i t e $ p r pe t a g o yo r r rsn t f t r n a t t nd ncud d n h ' pr oduc s c plt d ope a i haz d, 1 a 17.Thi e uson i known a t i t - om e e r tons ar ' d. t ' s xcl i s s he i your wor 'e us on.Howeve ,t 'yourwor 'e us on doesno a y i ft damaged wor k' xcl i r he d k' xcl i t ppl ' he i k or t wor out of whi h t damage a i es was pe f m e on your be f by a he k c he rs r or d hal s ontac o .'1 Thus t ACE Polc pr des c r ge f da a t t compl t ubc r t r' d. , he i y ovi ove a or m ge o he eed p oe tc us d b a s bc nta t rsn glg n wo k,bu d s n tpr vie c e a e f rt r j c a e y u o r co ' e ie t r t oe 0 o d ov r g o he r pai oft def c i s ontac orwor is f The e i no diput t tt s e r he e tve ubc r t k t el. r s s e ha he ubconta or r ct s' def ctve wor was a S curence'unde t Polcy; t que ton i whehe i c ed e i k n s oc r ' r he i he si s t r t aus cove e $Pr ry dam a ' r d 6 ope t ge.' TheFl i Supr m eCoul' hol ng i U S.Fief & cnce Co.v JS. B. I . 979 orda e - s di n t r nu ur . U , nc , So. d 8 ( a 20 )i c n r li g b c u ei d s u s sa s bsa tvey i n ia i u a e 2 71 Fl. 07 s o to ln e a s t ic s e u t n i l de tc l ns r nc polc The is i JS. B. was whet r a sa r f m CGL polc w ih pr iy. s ue n U he t nda d or i y t oduc s tc pl t d o r tons haz d c r is t a gener conta orpr ded cove age f om e e pe a i ar ove age s ued o al r ct ovi r or camsa ans t ec ta t rf rda get t ec mp ee p o e tc us db as c n r co ' li g i t h onr co o ma o h o lt d rj c a e y ub o ta t rs de ec i wor Se l . at 874- l was hed t t de e tve wor pe f m ed by a f tve k. e ' d 75. t l ha f c i k r or s b o ta tr t tc us dda g t t e c mplt d p oe ta d wa net r e pe t d n r u c n r co ha a e ma e o h o ee r j c n s ihe x ce o 3Excu inj6)a k, ie b wa ofc r o yr f rnc b Dee d n , r i p ia e A1 l so ( nd ct d y y u s r e e e e y f n a t a e na pl bl. l c o t d ma e o c re wi nt e' r d t- o ee o e ai n ha ad's e cuso j6 f he a g s c u r d t h i o ucsc mplt d p rto s z r ' o x l in ( ) hi p doe notba cove a Se U S.FieI .Co.v. U B.l . 979So. 871 887( a, s r r ge. e r ns JS. , hc, 2d , Fl 2 0 ) Excuso k d e n tb rc e a eb c u eal t da ge o c re t r a 0 7 . l in o s o a ov r g e a s l of he ma s c u r d o e l p o e t i t f r of hePrj c. o e v r De e a fist me tisbu d n o p o i r p ry n he o m t o e tM r o e , fnd nt al o e t r e f r vng e cu i nfom c v r g b c us t erf r n et Excu i nj6 a d ki wih u x lso r o e a e e a e h ee e c o lso ( ) n s t o t a c mpa yig lg l r u n . eM ih M ilr M u . n , r v Be fed,1 0F,d91 , c o n n e a a g me t Se c . l s tI s Co p. . n l 4 3 5 e 9 ( 1hCi.1 9 ) 25 1 t r 9 8 . 8 i e d fom t s a ntnde r he t ndpoi oft contac orcoul c tt e C ope t da age' c e by nt he r t d onsiut û pr ry m ' aus d an ioccurr i ence.'Se jf a 875, ' et t i De endanta t f tempt t ta f t lnguage ofJS. B.t s s o r ns onn he a U o uppor t a gum e t t t he r nt ha t e r p is he e we e mosl o d f cie wo k,ie #ef co rpar of t i o ry h e ar r r ty f e e tv r .. a t e is he mpr pel i t l se f nsaled t el ounda i DE 1 a 1 22.l i tue t ti t r i no da age be ton. 28 t 8, t s r ha f he e s m yond f t auly wor a hi or def tve wor t r i no r uli i ope t dam a ' See Ame i e km ns p ec i k, he e s es tng i pr ry ge.' rsur M ù.I s Co v Au h e Co, 6 3 F.d 1 9 1 06 ( 1h Ci.2 1 ) Ho v r i t t n . . . c tr . 7 3 2 4, 3 1 t r 0 2 . we e , f he def c i wor ca es da age t ot m ie non- f c i compl t pr t ie. i t e tve k us m o he s de e tve e ed oduc , . f he i dequat s onta t w or ca ed c a ki i t succo, c l ps of t pe hous na e ubc r c or k us r c ng n he t ola e he nt e e l ur a cr cki i t c ii lc r t sr ur elm e s Def nda i entted t nc os e, nd a ng n he rtca onc ee tuct al e nt, e nt s il o cove a f t r pai oft non- ec i wor .4See / . Thus t s equentquesi i r ge or he e r hat def tve k # ton s , he ubs wha consiut t r parofnon- f ctve wor a oppos t t r pa rofdef i wor t tt ed he e i de e i k s ed o he e i ectve k. l i em r tng a s t i y i iali u a e polc t Unied Stt Cour of n nt e i ubsantvel dentc ns r nc iy, he t a es t Appe s f t Elve h Cicui hel t t com pl t r ac m e al or he e nt r t d hat he e e epl e nt de ec i f tve s ontac orwor m a be c r whe neces a y t efe i y r rongoi dam a t ubc r t k y ove ed n s r o f ctvel epai ng ge o ot r s non- f tve wor Se Cart r v M i contne Casualy Compan 782 F. he wie de ec i k, e ihe s . d- i nt t y, 3d 1 4 ( 1h Ci. 201 ) Th r r a b lo y t a ha b e dee tv l i t l d b a 2 0 1t r 5. ee , a c n h t d e n f ci ey nsal y e s b o r co wa c usngr n f a d rs tn wae da g t a a j c nt r g . ei .a u c nta t r s a i u o f n e ulig tr ma e o n d a e gaa e Se d t 1 244, 1 .Alhough t ba c 251 t he l ony is fdi notcons iut i tel d tt e ndepende i ope t dam a ' nt i pr ry ge' undert t r soft polc isr ac e wasnece s r i or t efe i y r pa rt he e m he i y, t epl em nt s a y n der o f ctvel e i he 4Def nda conce t tt c ac suc a emer ncy netng c tt e c r e nt des ha he r ked t co nd ge ti onsiut d ove ed da a t o he pr t SeeDE 1 a 27,30. m ge o t r opery. 28 t 9 a a sSe i a 1 . d n ot rw or ,t r pai t ga a i wasne s r t compl el r ge. e d t 251 k he l ds o e r he r ge, t ces a y o et y r plce t def tvel c tuc e balony.'M emor ndum and Or , Cart s v M i e a he eci y onsr t d c ' a der iher . d- Co tne t Cas a t Co y,N' 1 - 08 9 ( . Fl.M a .11 2 4 ,DE 1 6 a 8. ni n ul y mpan o. 2 0 8 0 M D. a r , 01 ) 2 t Si lry h r ,i o de t a e aey r p i t no - e e tv prj c c mpo e t,t mi l e e n r r o d qu tl e ar he n d f ci e o e t o n n s he a b idngh dt b sa lz d. e i t ep e o na tobe tv oft r p i ef r wa t fx u li a o e tbiie Ev n f h r d mi n j cie he e ar fo t s o i t i tbiiy ca ed by t def i s onta or wor i i undiput t t s m e he nsa lt us he èctve ubc r ct k, t s s ed hat he a efor was r quied t put a e t ongoi da age t ot nvie non- ec i pr ry, f t e r o n nd o ng m o he s def tve ope t e. damage t succo,pe hous encl ur ,a crtcalconcr t sr t alel nt .See DE g. o t nt e os e nd ii e e tuc ur eme s 1 8 a 2 3; DE l a ! 5 - 3. Th , t ACE po iy p o d s f r c mplt 2 t 31 t ! 2 6 us he lc r vie 0 o ee i mnii ton.6 nde fca i PR ORATI N O ii ai i r ot The St adf t polc a t A mercan Hom e a ACE polces cont n k he e as i y nd he i nd l ur nce' pr s ons pr di t t t i ur nc i e s over a ot r i ur nc ns a ' ovii ovi ng ha he ns a e s xce s ny he ns a e ava lbl SeeDE 1 a 23,1 çOt rl ur nc 'pr sonss h ast e a y whe t o ia e. 23 t 02. ' he ns a e' ovi i uc hes ppl nw o mo e is r n e poiis a e o t e s me s b e tmatr rs ,a i tr s.Se Ciie s r r n u a c lce r n h a u j c te, ik nd n e et e t n z Pr p.I .Cor v,As ,5 S 3d 6 5,6 0 ( a Dit Ct Ap 201 .l t s c s ,i i o ns p. he 0 o, 4 5 Fl. s. , p. 0) n hi a e t s 5 CE m ir e e st f c sofCart r whe i as erst tt def ctve wor w as A sepr s nt he a t ihe s n t s t ha he e i k r m oved sm pl t acc scover t pr ry dam a See I E 1 a 11 2.To t co r r e i y o es e l ope t ge. ) 40 t -1 he nta y, t Diti Cour hel t tf uly w or ans p t tc us sda a t non- ec i pr ry he s rct t d ha a t km hi ha a e m ge o def tve ope t and t tmus be r paied i or rt r rt da agebei ca e c c tt e cover ha t e r n de o epai he m ng us d an onsiut ed pr ry dam a unde t polcy.Se M e or ope t ge r he i e m andum a Or ,Cart r v.M i contne nd der ihe s di nt t J / /' mpa y, %?tc/yCo n No.1 - 0 90( . Fl. a .1 ,2 4 , 1 6 a 8. 2 0 88 M D. a M r 1 01 ) DE 2 t . 6cii JS. U B,Def nda a gue s e ti i nt l t tm ii i ofda a si not tng e nt r s om wha nc de aly ha tgaton m ge s cove e Now he ei JS. B.i m ii ton ofda agesm entoned, n t contar JS. B. r d. r n U s tga i m i O he r y, U s a f t pr t nds or he oposton t tcl m sf r paii sr ur ldamage ca ed by t def tve ii ha ai or e rng tuct a us he ec i wor ofs k ubconta or m a becove ed.Asa na ur lc ola y,cover m ay exitf c t r ct s y r t a or lr age s or oss t r pai def c i w or i or rt pr ve f t rsr t a da a a cove e l s See o e r e tve k n de o e nt urhe tuc ur l m ge nd r d os , , eg.Carte sv M i con ie Ca . . 78 F,d 1 4 1 51( 1h Ci. 01 ) . , i r . d- tn nt s Co , 2 3 2 0, 2 1 t r 2 5 . h 1 0 u dipu e t a t Ame ia Ho a ACE po ii si s r d t Prj c Owne ,Plitf, n s td h t he rc n me nd lce n u e he o e t r an if a mo ts bc nr co sa is t rs o camso pr p ry da gea bo iy ij r Se nd s u o ta t r gan t he ik f li f o e t ma nd d l n u y. e DE 1 1 a 18. l contas, t St df s polc i ur Pl i if agai t t rs of 3 t n r t he ea a t iy ns ed a ntf ns he ik s ontac orconta ua def ul.Se i a 24- The polci t i ur a i tdif ent ubc r t r ct l a t e d. t 26. i es hus ns e ga ns fer sur rs . ke eg Ameri e M ut I s Co v Au htr C/ ,6 F.d 1 9 1 0 ( 1h Ci. iks7 % e .. n . . , c e . 73 3 2 4, 3 3 1 t r . 2 2) 01 . l a ton,Cours dir d i herI ur nc 'pr sons whe e,ashe e,t r i a n ddii t s egar i ot ns a e' ovi i r r he e s c r t rghtofi ontac ual i ndemnii aton bew e n t pa tes i ur d by t r eva polci .St fc i t e he ri ns e he el nt i es . PaulFie ( M arne I .Co.v le ngt I Co. N o.05r f i ns . v xi on ns. , 80230- V,2006 W L 1 C1 295408, a * ( D.Fl.Ap ,4,2 6 .He e AW S c ta td t id mn f Pli tf f d ma e t 4 S. a r 00 ) r , onr ce o n e iy an if or a g s r uli fom iswor and De e es tng r t k f ndanti ur d A W S f cl m sofpr ry da age.DE 1 ns e or ai ope t m 31 1a 90.The ef e,Def ndantc nnotutlzet i he l ur ' pr son t s f t l s t r or e a ii he i r ns ance' ovi i o hit he os . ot Fi ly, De e nt i ur d A W S, t a tvel ne i na l f nda ns e he c i y glgent s ubcontac or whe ea r t , r s Sta a ti urd Pl ntflt vi rousy labl ge alc r tp.Pr de t ACE hasa e dfs ns e ai it he cai l i e ner ontaccr ovi d hat dut t ofe c a St df tspolc s d nothave be r ac d fr t Se Als at I . y o f r over ge, ea as ' iy houl en e he is . e lt e ns Co. .Ex c tv Car( T u kLe sn ,I .49 So 2 48 , 8 8 ( a 1 6 9 lt t l s v e u ie f r c a ig nc, 4 . d 7 48 - 9 F1 . 98 ) Al ae n . s Co v Fo e , 8 So2 1 7 1 0( a. 98 ) . . wlr 4 0 .d 28 , 29 F1 1 5 . Vl . A FFI VI DA TS Th Co r ha ds rto t srk a fda t e e e a s mmay j d n i t e e u t s ic ei n o tie fi vis ntr d t u l u gme t f h y pr de i or a i t woul o he w ie be i dm i sbl a ti due t Rul 37( ( ) ovi nf m ton hat d t r s na s i e t ral o e c)1 ! s n to . e Fe . Ci . 3 ( )1,Bu d n v Ci o a cins S e dR. VP. 7 c ( ) r e . t fopaLo k No.112 01 - V, 2 ' y c a, - 2 8 Cl 201 7Pli ifscl m i t tt t polci wer t i ed by s pa at occ r s t ACE a ntf ' ai s ha he wo i es e rgger e r e ur ence - he polc ti r d by a cli ofpr ry da a t St adf tpolc ti r by s eque iy rgge e am ope t m ge; he e as i y rgge ed ubs nt s onta t def ul. ubc r c or a t 11 W L 47 45 2,a * ( D.Fl. t 7 2 1 )( i n Co pe v S t r Co ,3 0 F.d 6 5, 6 9 t 7 S. a Oc. , 0 2 ct g o r . ouhe n . 9 3 9 i 7 ( 1h Ci.20 4 ) Dee d n ag e ta c ran ald vis s n t a tr t co e o 28 1 t r 0 ). f n a t r u s h t e ti fi a t wor o fe he ls f 35 dicove y s d be srcken as untmel B DE 1 at 3 n.3.Howeve ,D e enda f is t s r houl ti i y. r f nt a l o s ii ly i ntf a w ine s or i or a i i ope l dicl ed pur ua t Rul 26. pec fca l de iy ny t s nf m ton mpr ry s os s nt o e 9 See Fe R. V. 26;Bur d. Ci P. den,201 W L 4764592,a #7; lns v. abama C/ .Col. No. 2 t Roli Al ay 1, 209 6 6 C1 2 1W L 1 97 5 a * ( , Al . a 1 ,2 1 ) I a iin,De e a : - 3 - V, 01 8 41 , t 3 M D. a M y 8 0 1 . n ddto fnd nt i c t onl f a fdavis t srke t af vis of Pl ntf expe t A lxa r ndia es y our fi t o ti he sda t ai ips r, e nd e Hoc a P. ,Pl ntf Pr i ,Ga y Gl km n, E. ai ips esdent r enwenc ,Stuc ur rone' J M a sca as kel r t es ohn r i no, we l a St adf t l ur l s e as ns ance Con pany' A ndr Thom ps n.The fr t t e afi nt w e e n s ew o s s hr e fa s r lse i Pl ntf Tra W ines Lita wines e w hom Pl ntf expec s t pr enta t i . it d n ai ips i l t s s s t s s ai if t o es t ral See DE 11 3 at 1 2.The f t a fa ,Andr Thomps w a ls e asa wine s whom 0ourh fi nt ew on, s it d t s Pl i ifma ca li ne a ies Se i Pl i ifhasnots n t tt s a fda t pr de antf y l f ed rs . e d. antf how ha he e fi vis ovi i or aton t twoul ot r ie be i nf m i ha d he w s nadm is bl a ti l Tha s d,Def nda ac a el s i e t ra . t ai e nt cur t y c r ct i s M r Thom ps s af ha a erze . on' sdavi as onl ofe i a l gali e r t ton of t pl n t y f rng e nt p e a i he ai l anguage oft underyi i ur nc contac ,a a ysst tr m a ns wihi t e usve he l ng ns a e r t n nal i ha e i t n he xcl i p r e of t s c r.Ac o dn y M r Tho o s a fd vt ( 1 - ) i du t b u viw hi ou t c r igl, , mps n' fi a i DE 31 8 s e o e src n. tike 8Att M a 28,2015 Cal rCal,t Co te ane t t$a1 t dic r i done... he y enda l he ur xpl i d ha i 1 he s ove y s pl di pr c i ei cutof,dicove y' c of ,and we now a ea a pl di sa ....'DE ea ng a tc s f s r s ut f r t ea ng t ge ' 1 a 38. 32 t 9I as p r t pladi , ( 1 0 , fnd n c mp an ge e al a o tt afd vt of n e a ae e ng DE 4 ) Dee a t o l is n r l b u he fi a is y G a y Gl nwenc l Thom asM il a Davi D esot m entoni t t l te t o we e r e ke , ler nd d o, i ng hat he at r w r notdicl e durng dicover and t tt fr tof e ed apur y l i e pr t ton. s os d i s y ha he i s f r el egal nt r e a i De e ntdoe notas t Cour t srket e a fdavisa t Cour declne t do s f nda s k he t o ti hes fi t nd he t i so o sua s pont e. 1 2 Vl . DAM AG ES I l i undiput d t ,i t al Pl ntf i ured die l s of$25, 474. i ts s e hat n ot , ai if nc r rct oses 121, 84 n connec i wih t r m edi ton efor. Se DE 1 1 a 1 Afe t ki i o ac ton t he e ai f t e 3 t 00. tr a ng nt count compe a i f om t Am erca Home polcy a r a ed s va efors t r r ns a ns ton r he i n i nd elt al ge f t, he e emai n undiput die l s of $23, 1 798, Se i Dee nt admis t t t de i a s ed rct os 1 6, 44. e d. fnda t ha he sgn nd i tlai oft Pa lSysem c tove $23 milon a c acerz t r por ofisown nsalton he ne t os r li nd har t ies he e t t e r,J ob Zona,as c xpe t ac onsr i t t t Panel Sysem cor e t t de ec i w o k of m ng ha he t r c ed he f tve r AW S a TCOE,i udi t m isng o i ope l i t l d a hor a r ba i t nd ncl ng he s i r mpr ry nsale nc s nd e r n he concr t m as y unis CM US a t mi sng or i pr ry i t le seeli t c umnsand ee onr t rd s i m ope l ns a ld t n he ol be ms whih M r Zo a s a miswa t e p i r c u eoft v s mao i o da g . a , c . na lo d t s h rmay a s he a t j rt f ma e y DE 1 a 2;DE 1 1at3- 38- ' I ispl ngs Def nda r e st t PanelSys e 35 t 355, 44.0 n t eadi , e nt ef r o he tm on s r loc i as She $25 milon cu an wal r pai,'t il a ti t t eve a casons t t li rti l e r' acty dmitng hat he r oughl $23 m ilon i da age r y li n m s equese by Pl i ifa oxi a est a ua l s.DE 1 td antf ppr m t he ct l os 35 a 7,1 l a ton,Def nda ' e r J t n He d esi at cos sa f l : t 4. n ddii e nts xpe t onaha l tm ed t s olows Thec s t r mo a rplc su c a c ran l c to a t p o e ti o t o e ve nd e a e t c o t e ti o ains t he r j c s $1671, 57. , 1 50. 2. Th c s t i t l n tig, tucu a se l r mig a mea pa l (..h e o t o nsal etn sr tr l te fa n nd t l nes ie t e c ran l d sg db KCE Engne r)i $1103 6 00. u tiwal e ine y i e s s , 9,47, 3. Thecos t rpai deeci ma onr i $2, 6, 00, t o e r f tve s y s 61 680. 4. Thecos t r rde ec i concr t i $1 721, 6100. t o epai f tve e e s 4, 1 . DE 1 1 a 12. ,Deenda ' ownexper esi td die l s of$30, 645. a 28- 2 t - Thus f nts t tmae rct oses 048, 50, fgur wel i e s of t r quese r i of $23, 6, 44, t ac ur y of whi s e l n xces he e t d elef 11 798. he c ac ch Pli ifdoesnotc e tDE 1 at!94;DE 1 a 7antf onts. 31 40 t 8. 'Mr Zo ac n l e t tire iigt gxsigjd ma ed sno c re tt eu del ng Q . n o cud d ha t l parn he e itn a g oe t o r c h n ryi g d f cs' n t a d d ef ci c n r t a dma o r c nsr to i lf i plc , ndt ee t'a d h t k l fe tve o c ee n s n y o tucin s e tn a e a he g ne s r t alse and caddi e e e sf tona l r pl e t de e i c r t a w tuc ur t el l ng l m nt unc i ly e ac he f ctve onc e e nd mas y el e s'DE 1 1 a 41 42. onr em nt . ' 35- t 1 3 Pl i ifha ata hed a s ea he tt acc antf s t c pr ds e o ountf a1 is coss DE 1 - a 1 1 or 1 t t . 31 3 t 04- 49. Pl ntf has a s at he an afi vi of J ai if lo tac d fda t ohn M a sca Die or of Shar Fi i r i no, r ct ed nancal Sevie frS r t eTo ,l c (dtu tr To e', n a flaeo Pli tf. 1 - a 2. r c s o tucur ne n . s r cu e n ' a fiit f an if DE 319 t s ) hi af vi, M r M a sc s sda t . r i ano a t s s t hi r pons biiy f t s i son of te t o s es i lt or he ubm s i Su c ta t r Dea tl s r n e (i ' cams t Sta f s a d f r t o e sg t o t b onr co f ul n u a c i ' li o e d a t n o he v r ih f he SD1 ) s ison ofPli ips SD lcl m s r l t d t da age ca ed by m i sng and i opery ubm s i a ntf ai e a e o m us si mpr l i sald r i o cn se la t Prj c,i l d n t e r me ito wo k r ltd t t a n t l enf r ig t e t he oe t ncu i g h e d ain r eae o h t e damage.M r M a sca s aes t tPl i if ha m a 33 s is ons t St adf t whih . r i no t t ha a ntf s de ubm s i o e as, c r l ta1 ofisc t a i ude bot i c a pr ofpa e .M r M a sca ale s efec 1 t os s nd ncl h nvoi es nd oof ym nt . r i no l ge t tt a cossi conneci wih t r diton ha a ha otl t n ton t he eme ai ve mount t $25,21474. wih ed o 1 , 84 t $23, 16, 44 i c r d damagesr m ai ng.1 at2, 6. 1 798. n ove e e ni d. 4The r i on dam a si t bem adeon t r cor t pari haveact l pr s nt d, ulng ge s o he e d he tes ualy e e e noton one pot ntaly pos i e.. ader e do Br i 5/ v.St man- i Lumber Co. e il sbl M iens as l d ul Emrck , 1 7 F. 3 9,4 ( d Ci.1 45 .Dipo iin o is e o d ma a s mmay j d me t 4 2d 9 05 2 r 9 : s sto f s u s f a ge t u r u g n ) ma bema eO e d n ewhih aj r wo dno bea lb ry t dib le a d wh c wo l y d n vie c c u y ul t t i e t o s e ive n ih u d r r a die t ve di tf t m ovi pa t Sar or v.Ar as Nat alGas Cor ,321 equie r c ed r c or he ng ry. t kans ur p. U. 6 0,6 - 4 ( 9 ) Ac o dngy,f rt r a o s stf rh a o ,Plitf,f ris l S. 2 23 2 1 44 . c r i l o he e s n e o t b ve an if o tef a on behal ofSt adf t i e il t r covera D ef nda i labl f $23, 1 798. nd f e as , s ntted o e nd e nt s i e or 1 6, 44 i da a s excl i ofi e es and ltgaton expens . n m ge , us ve nt r t ii i es VIl CONSEQUENTI DAM AGES l. AL Pl ntf ar s t t t r s of t Am erca H om e a ACE Polc e pr de ai if gue hat he e m he i n nd i i s ovi c r ge f al da a s arsng fom or atrbut e t t pr ry da age - i udi ove a or 1 m ge ii r ti abl o he ope t m ncl ng cons que i da a s s e ntal m ge uch as de a cos s ove he ex ns ,l tpr is di i i i ly t, r ad pe es os oft , m nuton n 1 4 v l e a d a ohe S c n mi' l s s t tto fo ij r t p o ry.DE 1 0 a 21 au , n ny t r i o o c' ose ha l w r m n u y o r pe t e 3 t ( in Am.Ho As u a c Co .fi e - n - r Co ,78 F.d 22 2 - ( s Ci. ct g i me s r n e .v bb y owe sFo d . 6 2 , 6 27 1 t r 1 6 ) Ho ve , n rFlrd lw, nea la iiypo iiss h a t ACE po iydon t 98 ). we r u de o ia a ge r l ib l lce uc s he t lc o cove da a t tar pur l e r m ges ha e ey conomi i nat e. y Ck-tzkH ome ,I .v.M i contne c n ur Ke k / ? &p s nc di nt Ca .Co,45 F. p z 1 1 1 7 1 ( . Fl. 0 ) Ha rsS ca t Ch mias I c s . 0 su p.d 31 , 31 - 8 M D. a 20 6 ; r i pe il e c l, n . y U S FieI s Co,No. 98 CV- 51J2 B,2 0 W ' 3 5 9 2,a * ( . Fl . u y 7 . r n . . 3: - 3 -- 0 0 0 L 4 33 8 t 6 M D. a J l , 2 0 ;Ol Re b i I s Co v ' FlglrAs ocae ,Lt ,41 So 2 1 7 1 7 ( a 0 0) d pu lc n . . .I a e s i ts d. 9 . d 1 4, 1 7 F1. E Dit Ct Ap 1 2 .The a g me tt a c n e u n ild ma e a e c ve e i t e a ie s, . p. 98 ) r u n h t o s q e ta a g s r o r d f h y rs fom ora e ' ca e of' ope t da a ca ed by de ec i w or i m ade wihoutbi ng r r k us be pr ry m ge us f tve ks t ndi l ls ega uppor. t I X. ATTORN EY' FEES S l a di st ca e,a a dsofa t ney' f s a e gove ne by a i abl sa e lw .See n ver iy s w r tor s ee r r d pplc e t t a Pe kn Stt Ba v Co no l 6 2 F.d 1 06 ( t Ci.1 8 ) s e as Bls e Br t rt r is a e nk . n ly, 3 2 3 5h r 9 0 ; e lo a s r ohe s I c v No t e nPa Ame ianLi , 28F. 37 ( t Ci.1 0 . c us t i i adie st n . , rh r n rc ne 6 2d 6 5h r 98 ) Be a e h s s v r iy ca e a ii under Fl rda lw ,Fl i 1 det m i s whet r a t ne s f s d be s r sng oi a orda aw er ne he tor y' ees houl a r e h r .Fl, a. n.j 6 7.28 1 ,a t rz s t a r o at r y' f e i t s wa d d e e asttAn 2 4 4 ) u ho ie he wa d f to ne s e s n hi i ur ns ance c e. Thi s ton pr des t t a cour s l a a d a r ona e s as s ec i ovi ha t ha l w r eas bl um t o c mp n ae t e i s e s at r e f r p o e u ig t e s t wh n a j d n i e t r d o e s t h n ur d' to n y o r s c tn h ui e u gme t s n e e a i tt i ur r i f vor of t i ur d.I Pli if pr ld i t s a ton agai t is gans he ns e n a he ns e d. a ntf evaie n hi c i ns t i ur .Ther or Pl ntf i e il d t r ns er ef e, ai if s ntte o ecove ator ys f s a coss i r i r t ne ' ee nd t ncured n pr e utng iscl m s wih t a ountt be de e m i a al t rda e. os c i t ai , t he m o t r ned t a e t 15 X. CO NCLUSI N O The evi nc e t bls s t tDef nt owe a dut t i m niy Pl ntf f al de e s a ihe ha enda d y o nde f ai if or l c ss t r s l t c am a an t Plitf f r r par o p o ry da ge t t Prj c o t o e ove he li g is an if o e i f r pe t ma o he o e t r s tng fom t def ctve wor (fiss ontac or .Accor ngl , afe a c ef r viw of e uli r he e i k ) t ubc r t s di y tr ar ul e e t r or a t Cour o he s bei a s i t pr m ies i i O RDERED, he ec d nd he t t nvi e ng dvied n he e s , t s A DJUDG ED and DECREED asf l olows: 1 Pli tf sM oi n f rS mmay J d n ( 1 8 be a d t s me i,hee y . an if to o u r u gme t DE 2 ) , n he a s r b GR ANTED I PART and DENI N ED I PART. Specii aly, i of as t N fc l ns ar he mo in s e s mmay j d me ti Pli tf' fvo o Co n lf rDe lrt r to e ks u r u g n n an ifs a r n u t o ea ao y J udgm e and Count 1 a Ilf Br ch ofConta t moton i G RANTED ; nt s 1 nd 1 or ea r d he i s i of r as t m oton s ks at ne s f s a coss pur ua t Fl .s a . n.j ns a he i ee tor y' ee nd t s nt o a ttAn 627. t m oton i G R ANTED;buti of rast m oton s 428 he i s ns a he i eekscons equental i dam a t m oton i DENI . ges he i s ED 2, Pl ntf SH ALL tl a M o i f Pr l ai if 5e ton or e-udgm e l er t addr sng t a ount nt nt es, es i he m o itr s t wh c Pli tf i e tte wi nt nt ( 0 da so t sOr e , f n e e t o ih an if s n ild t we y 2 ) y f hi d r hi 3. Def nda ' M oton f Sum mar J e nts i or y udgm e and I r a e M e or ndum of nt nco por t d m a 1w ( 1 0 b , ndt s mei, r b DENI a DE 3 ) e a he a s hee y ED. 4, Thea sda to An r w Th mps n ( 1 - )i S CKEN wih pr j c f vi f d e o o DE 31 8 s TRI t e udie. DO NE A ND O RDER ED i Cham be sa t J e La ence K i Feder J tce n r t he am s wr ng al us i Buidi and Unied St e Courhous M i i Fl i t s29t da ofOc ober 2015. l ng t at s t e, am , orda, hi h y t , % M ES LA W RENCE KI NG I )STATES DI TEI STRI J CT U SOUTHERN DI STRI OF FLO CT cc: l Couns ofRec d Al el or E DA
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