Figueroa v. Huerta, et al, No. 1:2011cv20499 - Document 66 (S.D. Fla. 2012)
Court Description: ORDER granting in part and denying in part 48 Motion for Summary Judgment. Signed by Judge Patricia A. Seitz on 6/6/2012. (lbc)
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Figueroa v. Huerta, et al Doc. 66 UNI TED STATES DI STRI COURT CT SOUTH ERN DI STRI OF FLORI CT DA CA SE NO.1l 20499- V- TZ/ M ONTON CI SEI SI RI CARDO FI GUEROA, Pli if antf , VS. M I IDADE COUNTY,FLORI etal, AM DA, . De e nt . f nda s / O RDER GRANTI I PART M OTI FO R SUM M ARY JUDGM ENT NG N ON THI M ATTERi b fr h Co ro fn a t' to o S S S eo et e u t nDee d n s Mo inf r umma yl g n ( 4 ) r ud me tDE- 8 . Plitf' fv c u tCo litalg scamsf r ( )sae1w f lears a an tM imiDa e an ifs i e o n mpan le e li o : 1 tt a as re t g i s a - d Count ( a42U. C. 1 3vi ai ofPlitf' FourhAme y;2) S. j 98 olton anifs t ndmentiht a i tOfi rJ e rg s gans fce os Hu raf rflear s; 3 a 4 U. C. 1 8 volto o Plitf Fit Ame d n rg t b e t o as re t () 2 S. j 9 3 i ain f an ifs fh n me t ih s y Ofie l s Hu raf r s o e e sv f re ( ) lco s r s c to a an t fc r o eHu ra fc r o e e t o u e f xc s ie o c ;4 maii u p o e u in g is Ofie l s e t; a ( )a42U. C. 1 vi ai byi tai a puruiofpr e uto wihou pr bl c us nd 5 S. j 983 olton niiton nd s t os c in t t oba e a e a i tOf ie J eHue t. ga ns fc r os ra Dee da t mo efrs mma y u g n o t ej1 3cams s do q aiidi nt fn ns v o u r j d me t n h 98 li ba e n u l e mmu iy f a ont sae1w cli sbec us t e se eofpr bl c us t a r s de e t cl msf f s nd he tt a a m a e he xitnc oba e a e o r e t f a s ai or ale a r s a malcous pr ec i Howe r t ki t e de e i t lghtm os fvor bl t re t nd ii os uton. ve , a ng he vi nc n he i ta a e o Pli if Ofi rHue t di notha a gua epr bl c us t a r s Pli if Cons ue l t antf , fce ra d ve r bl oba e a e o r e t antf. eq nty,he motoni de eda t Count 1 a i tM im iDa Count a I, gans Ofi rHue t W hie i s ni s o s , ga ns a - de y, nd l a i t fce ra. l t r wasnota g bl pr bl c us t m otoni g a e ast t m alci pr e utoncli , he e r ua e oba e a e,he i s r nt d o he i ous os c i a ms Co sI a V, a et r i no e de t tOfi e Hue t wa i ve i t de sont unt V nd bec us he e s vi nce ha tc r ra s nvol d n he cii o Dockets.Justia.com pr e ut Pli if Them oton i gr nt a t Count11 us ofe s i f c bec us Ofier os c e antf. i s a ed s o 1, e xce sve or e, a e fc Hue t i e il d t qualfe i muniyont scli ra s ntte o ii d m t hi a m. 1 U ndiput d M at i Fac s . s e er al t P anif s tr no t eUnie S ae Ar ( mpl!1 )Plitf wa d shag dfo litf i aveea fh td tts my. Co . 5. anif s ic r e r m t Ar f lo n a ars f r o an u e( . p.1 7 2 2 . Plitf' iiil ic ag fo he my olwig n re to c c ie s P1De l 9:- 0:0) an ifs nta ds h r e r m t e Ar wa a l t e t n ho o a l' d sha g . (d a 2 1 - 0. On Aug t1 2 0 h my s n s h r ha n rbe' ic r e 1 . t 0:8 2 ) o us 0, 0 6, Pli ifsdic r wasupgr dt S nealUnde Honorbl Condii . (d.DE- 2. antf' s hage ade o l r , r Ge a e tons' 1 ; 49- ) ' Pl nifpos e sdar l sknowna t ç ti Pa s r'( ti Pa s.( aitf s se aipas s he ' rot spo t'Parot s) Compl:1 ) Pa . 5. A PatitPa salowsape s t rdepublcta porai i M imiDadeCount f fe ( 49ro s l ron o i i r ns tton n a y orr e. DEA pe s i ei bl t o ai aPa rotPas i heors i al i om eve e a i ar sde of r on s lgi e o bt n ti sf he s ow nc t r n, s e i nt M imiDa eCo ny, n h sb e h n rb yd shag d.(d)I o d r oo ti aParo Pa s a a - d u t a d a e n o o a l ic r e 1 n r e t ban tit s, pe s mus s y,a r on t uppl mong ot rt ngs pr ofa honor bl dic g ( 4 - ) Plitf he hi , oof n a e s har e. DE- 94. anif pr vi dac ofhi DDl o, c i hi a iato f vee a M e ca Be ft.( 53- ) o de opy s ol whih s s pplc in or tr ns di l neis DE- 2. Unde t boxt t tt st s ha geTy 't wo dç l r bl ' sbe fle i o heDD 1 r he ha sa e i c r Di pe'he r t ono a e'ha en ild n nt l 0l0. (d. Thec r ntParotPas a iai rquie t a ian t de lr t tt fcssae i i 14 ure ti s pplc ton e r s he pplc t o cae ha he a t ttd n t aetu , nd rp n l o p ru y ( 4 - . Plitf o ti e aParo Pa si 2 0 ( . p. r r e u e e at f ej r . DE- 9 5) anif b an d tit s n 0 5. PlDe y 8 :- 0. On isfc , anifsParo Pa ssae t a ie ie o J e3 20 7 ( 499. 68 1 ) t a e Plitf tit s ttd h t t xprd n un 0, 0 .DE- - ) OnSe e r20, ptmbe 2007, fc rlos Hue t luet)oft M imiDadePolceDe rme Ofie e rat- ra he a l i pa t nt wa a sgne as c a de albyt PolceOper tonsBur a a t M er a lStton a t Stphe s s i d pe i l t i he i ai e u t he tor i a i t he e n P.Clr Ce er alo kno ast Govenme Ce e . ( ra St . 4: 5:. The deal ak nt , s wn he r nt ntr Hue t mtz 22- 1) ti ii ied t 491 . De r e st Pl ntf' deposton fl a DE- 1. Pl p. ef r o ai ifs z-ue t St t r e st t s n sa e ntofHue t fl a DE- 6. l ra m . ef r o he wor t t me l ra ied t 492 icu e fr e a in.1 a 52 4)Iwa a o e t a sg me t o Hu ra (d. 5:4- 7. At n ld d ae v so (d t :- . t s n v ri sin n f r e t. 1 at 1 1 ) me t tm e he wa wor ng t de a l Hue t unde sood t pa s nge s c d us t ns or a he i s ki he t i, ra rt hat s e r oul e oke ma tccadt t nt t nsiea gan a ce st t Mer alpltom .( raSt .7:9gnei r o ur he ur tl nd i c s o he tori afr Hue t mt 1 8: ) Att tme, rawasnota r oft difr ntt ofpa s t tha t ma tcsrps 4. he i Hue t wae he fe e ype ses ha d he gnei ti ont hem.(d.a 8: 1 ) 1 t 5- 2. Prort Se e r20, i o pt mbe 2007, ai if di onne ta iau hortest t hem a tcsrp Pl ntf ha nf d r nst t ii ha t gne i ti o hi Paro Pa swa n tp o el f n to ig.( . c3a ! ) Tr n i a to iisisnztd n s tit s s o r p ry u cinn P1De . t 8. a st uh rte n t ce Pl i ift e e t pltor t ought ha c ppedga ewhiedipl yi t Pa rotPa si hi antf o ntr he a f m hr he ndi a t l s a ng he ti s n s h n (d a :1 ) On Se tmbe 2 ,2 07 Plitf e trd te M er r i p af r a te a d 1 . t 0. pe r 0 0 , an if n ee h to al lto m t h Go r ve nmen Cen e by wal ng t r h t ha ca d gae a c nyi hi Paro Pas i hi t tr ki h oug he ndi ppe t nd a ng s ti t s n s ha On Se e r20, nd. pt mbe 2007,he ewasnoonesa i t r ttoneda t ha ca d gaet whom Pl i if t he ndi ppe t o antf c d diplyhi Pa rotPa s oul s a s ti s. Hue t andhi pa t r Ofi erRe naBr we edr s di pli l heson Se e r20, ra s rne , fc gi own r es e n a ncot pt mbe 2007 a t i polc s e dsw e e u ert i cot s. Tha da Huera obs r ed Pl i ifwa k nd her i e hil r nd her l he t y, t ev antf l tr ug t handia de r ewihoutat i t pa t fr ( t St a 1 5- 123. h o h he c ppe ntanc t temptng o y he ae. Huera mt t 1: 1 : ) Afe Pli ifwakedt ought ha ca d e r nc Hue t g a d Pl ntf sa m , punhi tr a ntf l hr he ndi ppe nta e, ra r bbe ai if r s m ao n , n t e g a b dh sc e th o g h s es y ( . p. 1 :7 1 1 1 . Hu rate s i r u d a d h n rb e i h s tr u h ij re . P1De 1 0 1 - 1 :5) e t h n ad t Pli if 4 go you. (d a 11 20- ) Pli ift d Huet dW ha ar you doi Le go. o antf,$ t ' 1 t 2: 23. antf ol 1 ' ra s t e ng? t W h t r y ud n ?Le g ' (#. t1 22 - 1 : ) Ofie Br wn h ad tev r a atr ai n a a e o oig t o. f a 1 :4 1 32. fc r o e r h eb l l c to ' e bewe nHueraa Pl ntf a a oa hedt a s ont rdi (d.a 11 1- )Ofke t e t nd ai if nd ppr c hem nd poke he a o. 1 t 5: 4. t r 3 .Dec. e e st t Pl ntf sDe a a i tld a DE- 1. P1 r f r o he ai if clr ton ie t 53- Br a ke Huet wha wasgoi on.(d. Huet ltgoofPl ntf.Plitf ha d Hue t own s d ra t ng 1 4 ra e ai if anif nde ra hi Paro Pa s (d a 1 6:3- 1 5) s tit s . 1 . t 1 2 1 7:. Hue t wa ke bac t r Pl i ift a r thi a a heat mpt dt gr b Pl i ifbot ra l d k owa ds antf o res m nd s te e o a antf h me f lt t eg o n (d a 1 8 16 He raDe a :1 )Hu ras y h ls h sb ln e wh l n el o h r u d. I t 8 :- ; u t c t 9. e t a s e o t i aa c , ie Pl i if al ge t tHuera us d hi 1g t s e Pli if sf e outfom unde hi . Pl i if antf le s ha t e s e o we p a ntf e t r r m antf ln e o tp o Hu ra ( l De a 1 02 - 212) Huet p th sa m a r s P an if wh c a d d n o f e t. P . p t 2 :3 1 :. ra u i r c o s litf, ih Pli ifbeive wasa atmptt putachokehol on hi .(d.a 1 : 23. A W a kenhut antf le s n te o d m 1 t 211- ) c s c iyg r a oa he a hepe Hueraha uf Pli if 1 a 1 1 23. Huet t n e urt uad ppr c d nd l d t ndc f antf.(d. t 23:6- ) ra he pi ke Pl n ifup fom t g o a t hi t a par c rwatng o sdet buidi c d aitf r he r und nd ook m o tol a ii ut i he l ng. Ofi rBr a Hueradic s dt Pa rotPa sa Ofi e Br t dHue t ha s fce own nd t s us e he ti s nd fc r own ol rat t he beive t tPli ifsParo Pas wasvai ( ownDe 423: 11 1 )W hiePl ntf wasi le d ha antf' tit s ld. Br p. 23: - 6. l ai if n t par c ras rea a oa he a Pl ntft dt sr ntoc kou hi ParotPas .( . he tol a , eg nt ppr c d nd ai ifol he egea t hec t s ti s P1 De a 1 6:- )Hue t n v ratmpe t v rf Plitf sP titPa s ( e t De . t! 3) p. t 2 3 5. ra e e te td o eiy an if aro s . Hu ra c a 2 . Plitf wa tk nt j ia dc r e wi p tt h f a drssi a rs wi o t i ln e anif s a e o al n hag d t eit e t n eitng ret t u v oe c . h h Hewa rla e fo j it en x d y Se t mbe 21 2 0 a 1 1 am.Atn tmedi Plitf s ee sd r m alh e t a , pe r , 0 7 t 0:5 . o i d an if c mpli ta hewa ij rd.OnOco r , 0 , nif r to wa fldc a gn Plitf wi o an h t snue tbe 4 20 7 a n o mai n s ie h r ig anif t h pe i t f a r ssi a r twihoutvi e e.On Fe ua y4, tt he t nd e itng res t ol nc br r 2008,t ca ewent otila t he s t ra nd he c r ofpei t twasdim is d and Pl ntf wasf ha ge tt hef s se ai if ound no guit ofr itng a r twihou t ly essi res t t vi enc ol e. Pli tf fl d ac a n if ie ompl i wiht Pr es i lCompla Bur a a i tHue t a a ant t he of sona ince e u gans ra nd n i tgai wasc nvesi ton onduced.( 53- t ough DE- 5. Thei tgai co uded,n t DE- 3 hr 53- ) nvesi ton ncl mong 4 own De r f r t t de ii ofOfk e Br Br p. e e s o he poston t r own fld a DE- 8. ie t 494 ot r t ngs t t M i miDa Tr nst ha sgns posed i t M er ai sa i whih r a he hi , ha a - de a i d i t n he tor l t tons c ed é t ton: ti Pa s t to , ti Pa s t bea i t e r ton daeofJ 30,2007, s en i Parot s por Par ns Pa rot s pors rng he xpia i At t une ha be e e dt Nove be 30, ve en xtnde o m r 2007.Addii deaiswilbef t omi ast be om e tonal t l l orhc ng hey c a ia e' ( 53- a 1 ) valbl.' DE- 4 t 4. l Sum m ar Judgme St l. y nt anda rd S mmayj g n i a p o raewhe dh pla ig . . h w t a t eei n g n i u r ud me t s p r p it n t e e dn s . s o h t h r s o e une t is a t a ymae il a t n ta temo i gp ryi e tte t a u g n a amatro lw. sue s o n tra f c a d h t h v n a t s nild o j d me t s te f a ' ' An e s n v Lie t Lo b ,I c,4 7 U. 2 2 2 ( 9 6 ; d ro . b ry b y n . 7 S. 4 , 47 1 8 ) SCW He lh Sev .o Ga,I c v at rs f . n . . Emplye s He l I s Co,2 0 F.d 9 2 9 ( 1h Ci.2 01 . On e t mo i g p ry o r at n . . 4 3 8 , 91 1 t r 0 ) h c he v n a t de monsr t st a e ofa g nui is ofm a e i f c ,t nonta e he bs nce e ne s ue t ral a t he movi pa t mus d m e ng ry tt co f wa dwih çpe fcf ct s or r t s cii a s howi t tt r i age neis f ti .' M atus t El . ndus ng ha he e s nui s ue or ral'' s hia ec l . Co.v.Ze t Ra o Cor ,475U. 574,587( 986)( i Fe R. v. 56() TheCo t nih di p. S. 1 quotng d. Ci P. e). ur mus vi w t r c d a al f c ua i e e e t r fom i t lght m os f vor bl t t t e he e or nd l a t l nf r nc s he e r n he i t a a e o he nonmovi pary a de dewhehe Sûheevi nc pr e sas fcintdia e ntt r quie ng t nd ci t r st de e es nt ufi e s gr eme o e r s b sint aj r o wh t ri i s o esd dta o epat mus p e al samatrof1w.' u miso o u y r ehe t s o n -ie h t n ry t rv i a te a ' ' Ale v.T on Food ,l ,l F. 642,646 ( 1h Ci.1 ( ig Anderon,477U. a ln ys s nc. 21 3d 1 t r 997) quotn s S. t 25152:. - l o p sn amoin frs mmayj d me t teno - vn p ryma n t eys ll o n p o ig to o u r u g n ,h nmo ig a t y o r l o ey n t pladi , m us s by a fda t , postons a we st i eroga o i ,a a isons he e ngs but t how fi vis de ii , ns r o nt r t res nd dm s i t ts ctcf t e s de tai age neis frti .SeeFe R.Ci P. ( ,() s e ha pe ii acs xit monsrtng nui sue o ral d. v. 56c) e ; e aloCeotxCor v. r t477U. 31 324( 98 .A meets ntla' e de es s l e p. Catet, S. 7, 1 6) r ici il'of vi nc uppori tng t o he pposngpa t sposton wilnots fc i t d,t r m us be a s fce s i ry' ii l ufi e; nsea he e t ufi int howi t tt ng ha he 5 j r c ul r a o a l fn f r h t a t.An e s n 4 7U. a 2 2; e as Wak rv Da b 91 u y o d e s n by i d o t a p ry d r o , 7 S. t 5 s e lo le . r y, 1 F. 1 1 ( t Ci.1 . 2d 573, 577 11h r 990) 1 1 D i c s on 1 . s us i A.QualfedI ii mmuniy t De e d n Hu rase ss mmayj g n o Plitf' j1 3camsb sdo q lfe fn a t e t e k u r ud me t n anifs 98 li a e n uaiid i mmuniy.Hue t a guest theha pr bl c us t a r s Pli if whih woul enttehi t t ra r ha d oba e a e o r e t antf , c d il m o quaiid i lfe mmuniy ont j 1 3 camsf fle ar ta maii pr e uton. Hef t r t he 98 li or as res nd lcous osc i urhe ag e ta heddn tu ee c sief re wh c wo l e t l hm t s mmayj d me t ntej r u s h t i o s x e sv o c , ih ud ni e i o u r u g n o h t 1 e es i e f c cl i . 983 xc s v or e a m Quaiidi niyofe sgovenme ofiil s di t i i vi lc pa iyc ee lfe mmu t fr r nt fcas ue n her ndi dua a ct omplt pr e i n asl a t i co otcto ong s her nduc vi aesno ce l esa ihe lw ofwhih ar as t ol t lary t bls d a c e onabl pe s e r on woul ha known. Ho v.Cook ,672 F. 972,977 ( 1h Ci.201 . A cour mus gant d ve yt s 3d 1 t r 2) t tr q aiidi ni u e stefcstk ni telg t s fv rb et Plitf s o ( )h th r u l e mmu t nls h a t a e n h ih mo t a o a l o an if h w: 1 ta te e f y wasa vi ain oft Consiuton a ( t t ilgaiy ofHue t saci was ce l olto he tt i nd 2) hat he le lt ra' tons lary esa ihed a t tm eoft i i nt Se ff l ot rwor ,onc a ofi a pr st thewas t bls t he i he ncde . e f n he ds e n fcil ove ha a tngwihi hi dicr tona ya hort t b de s fst t pl ntf t pr t t heofi a ' ci t n s s ei r ut iy, he ur n hit o he ai if o ove ha t fcils a t vi a e clary e tbls d 1 w ofwhi h ar as nabl pe s n woul ha known.Prise v c s olt d e l sa ihe a c e o e ro d ve e tr . Ci o vea Be h Fl .2 8F.d91 , 2 ( 1h Ci. 00 ) I ti matr Plitf d e n t t fRiir ac , a, 0 3 9 9 6 1 t r 2 0 . n h s te, an if o s o y diput t tHue t wa ac i wihi hi dic ei r aut iy whe hea r se Pl ntf. Thus s e ha ra s tng t n s s r tona y hort n r e td ai if , Pli ifhast bur n ofde antf he de monsr i t Hue t vi ae ce l esabls d l tatng hat ra ol td lary t ihe aw. Pl ntf a gue t tqualfed i u t doe nota y t a ofi e wor ng a of- y ai if r s ha ii mm niy s ppl o n fc r ki n fdut o ri edeai.Re r e so whehe ha i tue t e de i c e t Hue t, l wor ng ve tm t l ga dls f t rt t s r ,he vi nce ndiats hat ra whie ki 6 overtm e wasno wor ng of- ut The ei not ng i t r cor t s -i , t ki fd y. r s hi n he e d o uppor Pl i ifsas e ton t antf s ri t tHue t wa of- y a t tmeofPli ifsa r s .Cons ue l t sar ume f l a t ha ra s fdut t he i antf re t eq nty,hi g nt ais nd he Cou tmus de e mi whe he Hue t i en ild t q lfe i muniy unde t cr um sa sof r t t r ne t r ra s tte o uaii d m t r he ic t nce t sca e hi s . iO /c rHu rai No En i e t Qu l dI nt o t FaleAr e t ai . f ic e t s t tt d o ase mmu i n he s r s Cl m l y Huera a gues t he i e ild t quaiy i muniy on t f le a r ta malci t r hat s ntte o lf m t he as res nd i ous pr ec i cli be us he ha pr bl c e t a to r as os uton a ms ca e d oba e aus o nrs r e onabl be i d t the had y leve ha pr bl c et are t antf Thus t r eva i or ton i t whi hwaskn oba e aus o r s Pl i if ,he el nt nf ma i s hat c own t Hue t o ra a t tm eofPl ntf sa r t no t f c sknown t Pl ntf t n ort eknownt aco tlt . t he i ai if res, t he a t o ai if he hos o ur aer SeeJone v Cannon,1 F. 1 ,1 n. ( 1h Ci.1 ) Ba e ont ssandad,Hue t s. 74 3d 271 283 4 1 t r 999 . s d hi t r ra as e t t twhenheare t dPl ntf heha a gua epr bl ca ebec us hes w Pl ntf e e s rs ha r s e ai if d r bl oba e us a e a ai if nt r t M er ai saton wihoutpa ngt f r Hue t wa unf m ii rwiht Pa rotPa s t Parot he tor l t i t yi he a e, ra s a la t he ti s ,he ti Pa sa a e t bee r Pli tf di noti or Hue t oft sgni anc ofaPa rot s a s ppe r d o xpied, a n if d nf m ra he i sc e ti Pas , nd Hue t di notpe s ly ve iy Pl n if sParo Pa ss ra d r ona l rf aitf tit s . I r s o s , an if ct Kig lndv Ci o a ,3 2F.d 1 2 1 28( 1h Ci. n e p n e Plitf, ii n sa . t fMi mi 8 3 2 0, 2 1 t r ng y 200 , se tt ta ofi rc nnoti ee ul t yi or tont tsavaia et hi Plitf 4) a srs ha n fce a gnor xc paor nf mai ha i lbl o m. anif a guest tHuerai ed Pl i ipsPa rotPa sandhec enott c k isvaldiy,e n a tr r ha t gnor antf ti s hos o hec t i t ve fe Ofi e Br fc r own t d Hue t t s b i d i t be va i Thus a cor ng t Pli if Hue t ol ra hat he eleve t o ld. , c di o antf , ra s- raf t ra gue t the s dm ant n hi qua ii i uniy be a e i t nsout lue t urhe r s ha l houl i ai s lted mm t c us t ur t tPl i ifwasnote il d t a ParotPa s Howe r gi n t tt Cour m us c i rt ha antf ntte o ti s. ve , ve ha he t t onsde he i o m ai t tHuerapos e s d a t tme ofPl i ifs a r t t si o ma i i ir l nt nf r ton ha t s s e t he i antf' res, hi nf r ton s reeva f rpur e ofaqualted i muniyanayss o pos s ii m t l i. 7 i e i or a i ofe e t hi a c enot oobt i e sl di c r bl f c s Cons que l gnor d nf m ton fr d o m nd hos t an a iy s ove a e a t . e nty, a gua epr bl c us di note s t are tPl ntf. r bl oba e a e d xit o r s ai if Ba e on t cr um sa esa t tme ofPli ifs ar t Hue t di notha a gua e sd he ic t nc t he i antf' res , ra d ve r bl pr obabl c us t a r tPli if W hie Hue t di obs r Pl ntf e e t M er a lsa i e a e o res a ntf. l ra d e ve ai if ntr he tor i t ton wihoutpa ng,Of rBr t yi ice own i o me Hue t t s beleve t tt pa swa vai l t d nf z d ra hat he i d ha he s s ld. nsea oftki f t rse t dee m i i t pas wa vai Hue t a r se Pli if t r i i a ng urhe tps o tr ne f he s s ld, ra r e td a ntf; he eby gnorng po e ily e ul t y i or a i Afe be ngt dt tt pa swasvald by a f l ofi e ,a t nta l xc paor nf m ton. tr i ol ha he s i elow fc r r a ona eofi rwih t knowldgewoul notha ar bl pr e s bl tce t hat e d ve gua e obabl ca et a r s Pl ntf e us o re t ai if Se Kue v Buri,1 F.d 646,650 (t Ci.1 )(t i t tibe us t t alt oft e hl . ts 73 3 8h r 999 satng ha t ca e he ot iy he cic sanc s detr i t e se e of pr r um t e e m nes he xit nc obabl c e e de e t t tnds t ne t t e aus , vi nc ha e o ga e he pos i lt t tas pe thasc mit ac i ei r e ntt whehe t ofi e haspr bl c us sbiiy ha us c om ted rm s elva o t r he fc r oba e a e. Anofie c e ai ar ti no fe t dirgadpli ye ul t ye de e' fc r ontmpltng res s t re o se r anl xc paor vi nc ' ) Hue t a s t t tPl i ifs Paro Pas wa i ld be us i was o aned unde ra s ers ha antf ti t s s nvai ca e t bt i r fa en cr um sanc be us Pl n ifwasnothonor bl dic r dfom t Ar Howe r r udul t ic t es ca e aitf a y s ha ge r he my. ve , t quaii d i uniy anaysss d bebas d on t r l va i or ai n whih wasknown t he lfe mm t l i houl e he e e nt nf m to c o Hue t a t tme ofPl i ifsares. Att tm e ofhi a r s,de pie t e r ton da e on ra t he i antf r t he i s r e t s t he xpia i t Pl ntf sPa rotPa s Hue t ha r s t be ivet tPl i ifsParot swasvald.l f c , ai if ti s , ra d ea ons o le ha antf ti Pas i n at bas o t sa e e f o Ofi e Br ed n he tt m nt r m fc r own a t sgns i t M e r a lsa i n,a r as bl nd he i n he tor i tto e ona e ofi e woul ha e r r as t bei vet tPli ifsParot swa vald.Thus bas d ont fc r d ve ve y e on o le ha antf ti Pas s i , e he cr icumsa sa t tm eoft a r ta tki t e de ei t lghtmos f a et Pl ntf, tnce the i he res nd a ng he vi nc n he i t avor bl o ai if Hue t di notha a gua e pr bl c us t a r tPl i iff f r e i Cons que l ra d ve r bl oba e a e o res antf or a e vason. e nty, Hue t i note il t quai di u t f f lea r s.Be a eHue t di no ha a gua e ra s ntted o lfe mm niy or as r e t c us ra d t ve r bl 8 p o a l c u et ars Plitf,h mo inf rs mmayj d me tsd nida t Co n 1tefle r b be a s o re t an ifte to o u r u g n i e e s o u t ,h as ars cli a ns M imiDa Couny,a ast Countl,t j1 3 flear tcl m agans ret am gai t n - de t nd o l he 98 as res ai it Huert a. i O/c rHu ra i En ldt Qu l dI n t o t eEx e sv Fo c Cl m i / e e t s dt o a se mmu i n h c s ie r e ai . e y Huet mo e f rs mmayj d me o t cam ofe c s ief reb c u eteei no ra v s o u r u g nt n he li x e sv o c e a s h r s ev d e t s i enc o how t Hue t us d mor t n de mi m i f c i i ntt a r t t ,Hue t i hat ra e e ha ni s or e ncde o res; hus ra s e il d t quaiid i uniy ast t scli .Pl i ifha notdiecl addr s ed t sar ntte o lfe mm t o hi a m antf s r ty e s hi gume . nt Th b r e i o Plitf t s w t a : 1 t r wa avilto o t eCo t u ina d( ) t e u d n s n anif o ho h t ( ) hee s oain f h nsi to n 2 he t il ga iy ofHue t' a tonswasc e ry e t bls d a t tme oft i dent Pl ntf ha not le lt ra s c i l a l sa ihe t he i he nci . ai if s done t s Pl i ifha nots hi. antf s hown t t f c us d by Hue t durng Pl i ifs ar s was hat he or e e ra i antf re t e es i unde t Consiutonoresa ihe l a t tme.Cons que l Pl i ifhasnot e xc sve r he tt i t bls d aw t he i e nty, antf m t hi bur n t over ome Hue t scai ofq lfe i muniy.Acc di l Huera i e ild t s de o c ra' l m ua iid m t or ngy, t s ntte o q aiid i u lfe mmunt a t t ecam o e c si ef rea ds mma yj d me i a p o it . i s o h li f x e sv o c n u r u g nt s p r prae y B.Hue ai Entte t Summ ar Judg e on Bot Cl m sofM alc ousPr ec i rt s il d o y m nt h ai ii os uton Ofie Hu raas se ss mmayj d me to temaiiu p o e uincamsb c u e fc r e t lo e k u l u g n n h lco s r s c t li e a s o Pl nifca e tbls t ee nt ofs h acam.To e tbls aj 1 cam f malci aitf nnot sa ih he lme s uc li sa ih 983 li or i ous pr e tonapli ifmus pr t elm e soft c os cu i antf t ove he e nt he omm on1 w t t m a ii pr ec i n a a or of lc ous os uto nd a vi ai ofhi Fourh Am e ol ton s t ndme rghtt befeefom unr s bl s zu e .Ki l 382 nt i o r r ea ona e ei r s ngsand, F. at1 3d 234.Unde Fl i l t esa ih acli ofmalci pr e ton, pl i ifm s pr r orda aw, o tbls am i ous os cu i a antf t ove: $ 1 a o i ia j dca pr c e iga ans tep e e t an if sc mme c do c n iu d;2) 6 ) n rgn l u iil o e dn g i t h r sn plitf wa o n e r o tn e ( 4 t pr s de e ntwast lga c us oft orgi lpr e ng;( t t mi ton oft he eent f nda he e l a e he i na oc edi 3) he er nai he org na pr e ng co tt e abona fde t m i ton oft tpr e di i f voroft pr en i i l oc edi nsiut d i er na i ha oc e ng n a he es t 9 pli if( t r wasa a e eo pr bl c us f t orgi l oc di ( t r wasmalce antf;4)he e n bs nc f oba e a e orhe i na pr ee ng;5)hee i ont patoft pr e defnda ;a ( t pli ifs fr ddnmag asars toft orgi he r he esnt e nt nd 6) he antf ufe e es e ul he i nal pr ce di ' 1 Hue t a guest tPli ifc r e t bls t t o e ng. d. ' ra r ha antf amot sa ih ha Huerawa t l lc us of he t s he ega a e t pr ee ng ort tHue t ace wih malce oc di ha ra td t i . The e i no e de e i t r c d t ti c es t tHue t was i ve i t Stt r s vi nc n he e or ha ndiat ha ra nvol d n he a e Ato ne sofie' de sont pr e ut Pl i if I f c ,he ei noevi nceat 1a tr y' fc s cii o os c e antf n a t t r s de a1 boutt Stt he a e Ator y' de i i t pr e e.I ade enda i noti v i t de i i ofwhehe ornott t ne s c son o os cut f f nt s nvol ed n he c son t r o pr e eapary, uc adef nda i notapr os cut t s h e nt s opert ge ofam a ii pr ec i cli .Eubank ar t lcous os uton am s v Ge we , 0F.d 1 5 1 6 ( 1hCi.1 9 ) Plitf a srsta Hu rad e n th v t b , r n 4 3 1 7, 1 0 1 t r 9 4 . an if se t h t e t o s o a e o e a tvey i vedi t decson t pr s cut, l nga hewasr pons bl f t c m m e e e c i l nvol n he ii o o e e as o s es i e or he o nc m nt oft orgi c i i pr e ngs Ho e r Pli ifhasofe edno a hort i s he i nal rm nal oc edi . w ve , antf fr ut iy n uppor oft s t hi p o o i o Co e u nl Dee d n ie t ldt s mmayj d me t nb t h j1 8 maiiu r p st n. nsq e t fn a ts ni e o u r u g n o ohte 9 3 lco s i y, t pr e i n cai a t sae 1w malci pr ec i cai . os cuto l m nd he t t a i ous os uton l m Ac or ngl i i he e c di y, t s r by ORDERED t a Dee d n s M o in frSu r J d me t( 4 ji GRANTED I h t fn a t ' to o mmay u g n DE- 8 s N PART A N D D EN I I PA RT: ED N The M oton f Summ a yJ i or r udgm e i DENI a t Count Iand 1. nt s ED s o s I The M oton f Summ a y J i or r udgm e i GRANTED a t Count 11 I a V. nt s so s 1, V, nd DONE a dORDERED i M imiFlrd ,h s 6 n n a , o i a ti d y o J , 01 a f un 2 2. > PA T I A. I A T UN I TED STA TES D I STRJ J D GE CT U cc: A1 Couns ofRec d l el or 10
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