April 1988 Ninth Circuit US Court of Appeals Cases Share | Kau Hui v. Dang (paul, Vivian), Haseyama (sanford), Shiroma (richard),chun (harold, Shirley), Tom (wallace, Pauline),lau (howard), Taylor (carroll) Citation: 846 F.2d 1382 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 29, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/846/1382/397227/ 21 Soc.sec.rep.ser. 509, Medicare&medicaid Gu 37,086jimmy Paul Scott, Petitioner, v. Otis R. Bowen, M.d., Secretary, United States Department Ofhealth and Human Services, Respondent Citation: 845 F.2d 856 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/856/284702/ Arnold L. Kupetz, Trustee, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Morris A. Wolf, Raviel Wolf, the Marmon Group, Incorporated,defendants- Appellees Citation: 845 F.2d 842 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/842/285292/ Gene Southerland, Plaintiff-appellee, v. International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union, Local8, Defendant- Appellant Citation: 845 F.2d 796 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/796/284594/ M. Thora Worrell, Plaintiff-appellant, v. B.f. Goodrich Company, Defendant-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 840 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/840/284829/ State of California, Plaintiff-appellant, v. United States Department of the Navy, Does One Through Ten,defendant-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 222 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/222/284978/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Lawrence Chavez; Robert Clarke, Aka Bnd or Robert Clark;melaquias Sandoval; Patrick Henry Zanzucchi;robert Matthew Zanzucchi, Defendants-appellants Citation: 845 F.2d 219 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/219/284961/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Patricia Roberts, Defendant-appellant.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Alfred L. Hoskins, Defendant-appellant Citation: 845 F.2d 226 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/226/284885/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Salvador Sandoval-vargas, Defendant-appellant Citation: 845 F.2d 1526 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 27, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/1526/284616/ Alcala (gilbert, Darlene) v. Bank of America General Counsel, Jellen (edward D.) Citation: 845 F.2d 1029 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 26, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/1029/285192/ Donald H. Albrecht, Plaintiff-appellant,andjoanne Albrecht, et al., Plaintiffs, v. William S. Lund, Defendant-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 193 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 26, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/193/284631/ Garbis S. Bezdjian and Maida M. Bezdjian, Petitioners-appellants, v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue Service, Respondent-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 217 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 26, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/217/284955/ Ivan K. Landreth; Lucille Landreth, Petitioners-appellants, v. Commissioner Internal Revenue Service, Respondent-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 828 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 26, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/828/285125/ Anant Kumar Tripati, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Gary L. Henman; R.j. Barncastle; Willis Gibson; Richarda. Stacy; Leland Pico; Dale Berndt, Defendants-appellees Citation: 845 F.2d 205 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 25, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/205/285013/ Belinda Anderson, Plaintiff,andkenneth Anderson; Geneva Anderson; Denny Anderson; Asabegaye; Lewana Begaye; Ilee H. Castillo; Alfreda Catha;robert Faria; Debra Faria; Billy Frye; Margaret Henry;daisy Mike; Max Patrick; Larry Pete; Delores Pete;angela Sanchez; Donald Shearer; Gloria Shearer; Elainewilson; Marie Wilson; Gloria Yazzie, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. United States of America, Defendant-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 206 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 25, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/206/285030/ Marilyn Miller, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Rykoff-sexton, Inc., et al., Defendants,andatlas Hotels, Inc., Defendant-appellant Citation: 845 F.2d 209 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 25, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/209/285090/ Sanford J. Margulis, Plaintiff-appellant, v. State Bar of California; Committee of Bar Examiners of Thestate Bar of California; Diane Yu; Mark C.allen; Marguerite Archie-hudson; Etal., Defendants-appellees Citation: 845 F.2d 215 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 25, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/215/284575/ Trinidad Corporation, Plaintiff-counterclaim Defendant-appellee, v. S.s. Keiyoh Maru, in Rem, Defendant-appellant,sol Gloriosa Maritima, S.a., a Corporation,defendant-counterclaimant- Appellant, v. S.s. Fort Worth, in Rem, Her Engines, Tackle, Appurtenances,apparel, Furnishings and Equipment,defendant-third-party-plaintiff-appellee Citation: 845 F.2d 818 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 25, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/818/284589/ Alva Gutierrez, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Municipal Court of the Southeast Judicial District, Countyof Los Angeles, Incorrectly Sued As "county of Los Angeles,a Public Entity; Porter De Dubovay; John W. Bunnett; Andrussell F. Schooling, in Their Capacity As Officials Havingauthority to Issue Personnel Rules for Employees of Thecounty of Los Angeles at the Municipal Court of Thesoutheast Judicial District," Defendants-appellants.alva Gutierrez, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Porter De Dubovay; John W. Bunnett; and Russell F.schooling, Defendants- Appellants Citation: 838 F.2d 1031 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 22, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/838/1031/281566/ Margarite Faras, Chairperson for the Redress Grievancecommittee, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Donald P. Hodel, Secretary of the Interior, in His Officialcapacity; and Ross O. Swimmer, Assistantsecretary for Indian Affairs, in Hisofficial Capacity, Defendants-appellees Citation: 845 F.2d 202 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 22, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/202/284893/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Juan Castillo, Aka: Luis Hong Rojas, Defendant-appellant.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Antonio De La Renta, Defendant-appellant Citation: 844 F.2d 1379 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 22, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/1379/79396/ In Re Shooting Star Enterprises, Inc., Debtor.forrest S. Reynard, Appellant, v. John P. Stodd, Appellee Citation: 843 F.2d 1576 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 20, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1576/33885/ Ronald E. Stewart; John A. Gromala; John E. Donahue;gerald R. Harland; Keith S. Humphreys; John D. Drake; Tomdufour; Roger Sohnrey; Oklahoma Energy Investors; S & Hdiversified; Sohnrey Bros., Plaintiffs, v. American International Oil & Gas Co. and James A. Ragland,defendants.meridian Reserve of Oklahoma, Inc., Successor by Merger Toamerican International Oil & Gas Company,defendant/third-party Plaintiff/appellant, v. Liberty Exploration Company, Inc.; Robert Mills;transworld Exploration Co.; A. Dale Smith; Orvalc. White; Noble C. White; Nobleoperating, Inc., Third-partydefendants/appellees Citation: 845 F.2d 196 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 20, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/196/285227/ Ronald S. Miller, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Jeff Rich and National Transportation Safety Board,defendants-appellees Citation: 845 F.2d 190 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 20, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/845/190/284824/ 21 Soc.sec.rep.ser. 333, Unempl.ins.rep. Cch 17974.9fidencio Chavez, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Otis R. Bowen, Secretary of the Department of Health Andhuman Services, Defendant-appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 691 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 19, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/691/79323/ Gabriel Salgado Fuentes, Petitioner, v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Respondent Citation: 844 F.2d 699 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 19, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/699/79192/ Marilyn Sponza, Petitioner-appellant, v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue, Respondent-appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 689 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 19, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/689/79256/ Terry N. Christensen, Petitioner, v. United States District Court for the Central District Ofcalifornia, Respondent.federal Savings & Loan Insurance Corporation, in Itscapacity As Plaintiff in Case Number Cv 86-6780,real-party in Interest Citation: 844 F.2d 694 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 19, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/694/79506/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. James Joseph Owens, Defendant-appellant Citation: 844 F.2d 701 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 19, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/701/79531/ Victor Arguelles-vasquez, Petitioner, v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Respondent Citation: 844 F.2d 700 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 19, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/700/79203/ Gary Bryant, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Ford Motor Co., Defendant-appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 602 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 15, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/602/79297/ State of California, Department of Education, Petitioner, v. William J. Bennett, Secretary, Department of Education, Respondent Citation: 843 F.2d 333 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 15, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/333/34160/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Rudolph Henderson, et al., Defendants-appellees Citation: 844 F.2d 685 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 15, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/685/79343/ 21 Soc.sec.rep.ser. 329, Unempl.ins.rep. Cch 17971.1wanda Gregory, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Otis R. Bowen, Secretary of Health and Human Services,defendant-appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 664 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 14, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/664/79216/ 46 Fair Empl.prac.cas. 1027,46 Empl. Prac. Dec. P 37,935caribbean Marine Services Company, Inc., a Californiacorporation; Carlos A. Garcia, Plaintiffs-appellees, v. Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary of Commerce of the Unitedstates; Anthony Calio, Administrator, National Oceanic Andatmospheric Administration; William Evans, Assistantadministrator for Fisheries, National Marine Fisheriesservices; E.c. Fullerton, Southwest Regional Director,national Marine Fisheries Service, Defendants-appellants.caroline M. Corp., Inc.; Jose R. Rebelo; Francisco M.nunes, Plaintiffs- Appellees, v. Malcolm Baldrige, Secretary of Commerce of the Unitedstates; Anthony J. Calio, Administrator, National Oceanicand Atmospheric Administration; William Evans, Assistantadministrator for Fisheries Service; E.c. Fullerton,southwest Regional Director, National Marine Fisheriesservice, Defendants- Appellants Citation: 844 F.2d 668 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 14, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/668/79395/ Edward R. Swoboda, Plaintiff/appellee, v. Pala Mining, Inc., Jean Magee As Executrix of the Estate Ofwilliam Magee; and Eduard Link, Defendants/appellants Citation: 844 F.2d 654 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 14, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/654/79217/ Northwest Coalition for Alternatives to Pesticides (ncap),et al.; Oregon Environmental Council (oec);audubon Society of Portland, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. Richard E. Lyng, Secretary United States Department Ofagriculture; James G. Watt, Secretary United Statesdepartment of the Interior, and All Employees over Whom Heexercises Authority; William Ruckeslhaus, Secretary Unitedstates Environmental Protection Agency and All Employeesover Whom He Exercises Authority, Defendants-appellees.oregonians for Food and Shelter, Inc., Defendant-intervenor-appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 588 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 14, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/588/79550/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Ben Farrell Kirk, Defendant-appellant Citation: 844 F.2d 660 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 14, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/660/79200/ United States of America, Plaintiff/appellant, v. Robert Thomas, Defendant/appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 678 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 14, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/678/79423/ American International Underwriters, (philippines), Inc., Aphilippines Corporation, Plaintiff-appellant, v. the Continental Insurance Company, a New Hampshirecorporation, Defendant-appellee Citation: 843 F.2d 1253 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 13, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1253/34302/ Jehan Zeb Mir, M.d., Plaintiff-appellant, v. Little Company of Mary Hospital, Defendant-appellee Citation: 844 F.2d 646 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 13, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/646/79400/ Cardinal Enterprises v. Far West Federal Bank Citation: 844 F.2d 791 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 12, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/791/79426/ Fed. Sec. L. Rep. P 93,548washington Public Utilities Group, et al., Petitioners, v. United States District Court for the Western District Ofwashington, Respondent,henry Puchall; Joseph Harris; David Gold; Marvin Frankel;chemical Bank, et al., Real Parties in Interest.salomon Brothers, Inc., and Columbia Rural Electricassociation, Inc., et al., Petitioners, v. United States District Court for the Western District Ofwashington, Respondent,washington Public Utilities Group, et al., Real Parties in Interest Citation: 843 F.2d 319 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 12, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/319/34087/ Leon Jose S. De Mesa, et al., on Behalf of Themselves Andothers Similarly Situated, Plaintiffs-appellees, v. Francisco C. Castro, et al., Defendants,edwin Meese, Iii., Defendant-intervenor-appellant Citation: 844 F.2d 642 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 11, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/642/79403/ Ernest Lee Ruff, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Larry Kincheloe, et al., Defendants-appellees Citation: 843 F.2d 1240 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 8, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1240/34117/ Lana Abu-sahyun, by and Through Feryal Abu-sahyun, Herguardian Ad Litem; Feryal Abu-sahyun, Guardian Adlitem, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. Palo Alto Unified School District, Santa Clara County Officeof Education; William Honig, Individually and As Statesuperintendent of Public Instruction, California Statedepartment of Education; California State Department Ofeducation, Defendants-appellees Citation: 843 F.2d 1250 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 8, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1250/33969/ Lawrence M. Fleming, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Department of Public Safety, Commonwealth of the Northernmariana Islands, Defendant-appellant Citation: 837 F.2d 401 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 8, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/837/401/157403/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellant. v. Curtis J. Bernhardt, Michael F. Mccarthy, Harold T. Okahara,jr., and Carl J. Bernhardt, Defendants-appellees Citation: 840 F.2d 1441 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 8, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/840/1441/156786/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Donald Paul Hutson, Defendant-appellant Citation: 843 F.2d 1232 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 8, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1232/34149/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Jerard J. Signori, Defendant-appellant Citation: 844 F.2d 635 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 8, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/635/79278/ Anant Kumar Tripati, Petitioner-appellant, v. Gary L. Henman, Respondent-appellee Citation: 843 F.2d 1160 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 7, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1160/33825/ Chipman Freight Services, Inc., a Subsidiary of Chipmancorporation, a California Corporation, Petitioner, v. National Labor Relations Board, Respondent,andbrotherhood of Teamsters and Auto Truckdrivers Local 70 Ofalameda County, Real Party in Interest Citation: 843 F.2d 1224 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 7, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1224/33778/ Olaf A. Hallstrom and Mary E. Hallstrom, Husband and Wife,plaintiffs-appellants, and Cross-appellees, v. Tillamook County, a Municipal Corporation,defendant-appellee, and Cross-appellant Citation: 844 F.2d 598 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 7, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/598/79305/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Steven Michael Parr, Defendant-appellant Citation: 843 F.2d 1228 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 7, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1228/34346/ Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Plaintiff-appellant, v. the Boeing Company, Defendant-appellee Citation: 843 F.2d 1213 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 6, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1213/34032/ Manuel Diaz Arteaga, Petitioner, v. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Respondent Citation: 836 F.2d 1227 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 6, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/836/1227/419812/ No. 87-5972 Citation: 843 F.2d 1222 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 6, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1222/33886/ Jaime Agustin Agcaoili, et al., Plaintiffs-appellants, v. Ernest E. Gustafson, et al., Defendants-appellees Citation: 844 F.2d 620 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 4, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/620/79476/ Medic Air Corporation, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Air Ambulance Authority, D/b/a Centra Comm and Care Flight,washoe Medical Center, Inc., Saint Mary'shospital, Inc., Washoe County, Andwashoe County District Boardof Health,defendants-appellees Citation: 843 F.2d 1187 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 4, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/1187/34162/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. King Features Entertainment, Inc., Defendant-cross/defendant,andsalzburg Enterprises of California, Inc.,andmilton J. Salzburg, Defendant-cross/claimant-appellant.king Features Entertainment Inc., Plaintiff-counter Claim-defendant, v. Salzburg Enterprises of California, Inc., Milton J.salzburg, et al., Defendants-cross-claimants/appellants Citation: 843 F.2d 394 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 4, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/394/34191/ William Leer; Robert Larry Emerhiser, Plaintiffs-appellants, v. al Murphy; Darrell Gardner; Arvin Arave, Defendants-appellees Citation: 844 F.2d 628 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 4, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/844/628/79347/ Gregory C. Duncan, Plaintiff-appellant, v. Southwest Airlines; Steve Fleming; Robert Slattery,defendants-appellees Citation: 838 F.2d 1504 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 1, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/838/1504/281121/ Michelle Colleen by Her Guardian Ad Litem Ronald Dearing,ronald Dearing and Marcia Dearing, Plaintiffs-appellees, v. United States of America, Defendant-appellant Citation: 843 F.2d 329 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 1, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/329/34193/ United States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Joseph Samuel Kinsey, Defendant-appellant.united States of America, Plaintiff-appellee, v. Albert Kinsey, Defendant-appellant Citation: 843 F.2d 383 Court: 9th Circuit Court of Appeals Date: April 1, 1988 http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/843/383/34070/